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1.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 37(3): 499-504, junio 14, 2022. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1378846

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El trauma penetrante de cuello representa un evento desafortunado de baja incidencia y alta complejidad diagnóstica y terapéutica, lo que supone un reto para el cirujano general.Caso clínico. Paciente femenina de 20 años de edad, quien sufrió una herida cervical por proyectil de arma de fuego, desarrollando de forma secundaria una lesión aerodigestiva. Se realizó un tratamiento expectante en un hospital de alta complejidad, con una evolución favorable. Discusión. En la literatura existe un claro debate en cuanto al manejo de las lesiones penetrantes en cuello y la sospecha de lesión orgánica oculta. En nuestro paciente la lesión aerodigestiva fue tratada mediante observación y seguimiento clínico. Conclusiones. El manejo de un paciente con lesión aerodigestiva se puede corroborar mediante las imágenes diagnósticas y se puede tratar de forma expectante con un resultado exitoso, sin agregar morbilidad y con un impacto adecuado en el buen uso de los recursos disponibles


Introduction. Penetrating neck trauma represents an unfortunate event with a low incidence and high diagnostic and therapeutic complexity, which represents a challenge for the general surgeon. Clinical case. A 20-year-old female patient, who suffered a cervical wound from a firearm projectile, secondarily developing an aerodigestive lesion. An expectant treatment was carried out in a high complexity hospital, with a favorable evolution.Discussion. In the literature there is a clear debate regarding the management of penetrating neck injuries and suspected occult organic injury. In our patient, the aerodigestive injury was treated by observation and clinical follow-up.Conclusions. The management of a patient with aerodigestive injury can be corroborated by diagnostic images and can be treated expectantly with a successful result, without adding morbidity and with an adequate impact on the proper use of available resources


Subject(s)
Humans , Wounds, Gunshot , Neck , Therapeutics , Wounds and Injuries , Observation , Diagnosis
2.
Rev. colomb. ortop. traumatol ; 36(3): 1-6, 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1532626

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El entendimiento de la anatomía del nervio mediano en su curso por el codo permite comprender el origen de diversas patologías en este sitio, además identificar la distribución y las variantes de las ramas nerviosas es útil para definir las vías de abordaje en las cirugías del nervio mediano. Materiales y Métodos: Disección de especímenes cadavéricos, muestra por conveniencia, previa aprobación del comité de ética y siguiendo un protocolo de disección identificando el nervio mediano, las ramificaciones en el codo y su relación con estructuras vasculares y miotendinosas. Resultados: Se disecaron 20 codos con edad promedio 60,8 años, explorando el nervio mediano, sus ramificaciones y estructuras anatómicas adyacentes en la fosa antecubital. En ningún caso se encontró ligamento de Struthers, la distancia a la arcada del pronator teres (PT) desde la línea interepicondílea fue de 51,3 mm y a la arcada del flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) 74,1 mm. El patrón más frecuente fue un tronco para el PT, una rama trasversa proximal con divisiones para el FDS, flexor carpi radialis (FCR) y palmaris longus (PL). La inervación del FCR provenía en su mayoría del tronco del PT. Discusión: Se muestra la gran variabilidad de origen y distribución de las ramas originadas del nervio mediano en el codo, se cuantifican las distancias y características morfológicas en los sitios de compresión conocidos. La rama para el FCR se pone en riesgo en la exploración de las arcadas tendinosas del PT y el FDS.


Introduction: Understanding the anatomy of the median nerve as it passes through the elbow allows us to understand the origin of various pathologies at this site. In addition, identifying the distribution and variants of the nerve branches is useful for defining the approach routes in surgeries of the elbow. median nerve. Materials and Methods: Dissection of cadaveric specimens, convenience sample, prior approval of the ethics committee and following a dissection protocol identifying the median nerve, the branches in the elbow and its relationship with vascular and myotendinous structures. Results: 20 elbows with an average age of 60.8 years were dissected, exploring the median nerve, its branches and adjacent anatomical structures in the antecubital fossa. In no case was Struthers' ligament found, the distance to the arch of the pronator teres (PT) from the interepicondylar line was 51.3 mm and to the arch of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) 74.1 mm. The most frequent pattern was a trunk for the PT, a proximal transverse branch with divisions for the FDS, flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and palmaris longus (PL). The innervation of the FCR came mostly from the trunk of the PT. Discussion: The great variability of origin and distribution of the branches originating from the median nerve at the elbow is shown, the distances and morphological characteristics at the known compression sites are quantified. The branch for the FCR is put at risk in the exploration of the tendon arcades of the PT and the FDS.

3.
Pensar mov ; 19(2)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | SaludCR, LILACS | ID: biblio-1386769

ABSTRACT

Resumen Ortega Muñoz, A., Fumero Pérez, S. y Solano López, A.L. (2021). Autoeficacia, percepción de barreras y beneficios de la actividad física en estudiantes universitarios costarricenses. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-17. Según la Teoría de Promoción de la Salud, aspectos como autoeficacia, percepción de beneficios y barreras podrían estar influyendo en la actividad física. En Costa Rica, se ha investigado poco este fenómeno en estudiantes universitarios de enfermería, por lo que el objetivo del estudio fue determinar la relación entre autoeficacia y percepción beneficios y barreras de la actividad física en estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad de Costa Rica. Esta investigación es un estudio de caso grupal, correlacional descriptivo. La muestra estuvo conformada por 42 estudiantes de segundo año de Enfermería. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron la Escala de Beneficios/Barreras para el ejercicio y la Escala de Autoeficacia para la actividad física. El análisis de datos se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva y la correlación de Pearson. Dentro de los resultados resalta que caminar obtuvo mayor autoeficacia, seguido de actividades de la vida diaria y, por último, el ejercicio físico programado. El estudiantado identifica más los beneficios de la actividad física que las barreras. Existe una asociación entre la autoeficacia total para la actividad física y la percepción de beneficios del ejercicio y la autoeficacia para el ejercicio programado y las barreras del ejercicio. Se debe trabajar en potenciar los beneficios de la actividad física, así como en crear intervenciones que ayuden a la población estudiantil de enfermería a superar las barreras por medio del fortalecimiento de la autoeficacia para la actividad física independientemente de su intensidad.


Abstract Ortega Muñoz, A., Fumero Pérez, S. & Solano López, A.L. (2021). Self-effectiveness and perception of barriers and benefits of physical activity in Costa Rican university students. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-17. According to Health Promotion Theory, factors such as self-effectiveness and the perception of benefits and barriers might be impacting physical activity. Since this phenomenon has been scarcely researched among nursing students, the purpose of this study has been to determine the relationship between self-effectiveness and perceived benefits and barriers of physical activity among nursing students at Universidad de Costa Rica. This research is a correlational, descriptive group case study. The sample was made up by 42 second-year students of the School of Nursing. The instruments used were the Scale of Benefits/Barriers for Exercise and the Self-Effectiveness Scale for Physical Activity. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation. The most outstanding result was that walking showed higher self-effectiveness, followed by daily life activities and finally scheduled physical exercise. The student community identifies the benefits of physical activities more easily than the barriers. An association exists between total self-effectiveness for physical activity and the perception of benefits of exercise and self-effectiveness for scheduled exercise and the barriers of exercise. Efforts must be made in enhancing the benefits of physical activity, as well as in creating interventions that will help nursing students to overcome barriers by strengthening self-effectiveness for physical activity, regardless of its intensity.


Resumo Ortega Muñoz, A., Fumero Pérez, S. e Solano López, A.L. (2021). Autoeficácia, percepção de barreiras e benefícios da atividade física entre universitários costarriquenhos. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 19(2), 1-17. De acordo com a Teoria de Promoção da Saúde, aspectos como autoeficácia, percepção de benefícios e barreiras podem estar influenciando a atividade física. Na Costa Rica, pouca pesquisa tem sido feita em estudantes universitários de enfermagem, portanto, o objetivo do estudo foi determinar a relação entre a autoeficácia e a percepção dos benefícios e das barreiras da atividade física entre estudantes de enfermagem da Universidade da Costa Rica. Esta pesquisa é um estudo de caso em grupo correlacional descritivo. A amostra foi composta por 42 estudantes de enfermagem do segundo ano. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a Escala de Benefícios/Barreiras para o Exercício e a Escala de Autoeficácia para Atividade Física. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva e correlação de Pearson. Dentre os resultados, destaca-se que a caminhada alcançou maior autoeficácia, seguida das atividades da vida diária e, por fim, exercício físico programado. Os estudantes identificam mais os benefícios da atividade física do que as barreiras. Existe uma associação entre a autoeficácia total para a atividade física e a percepção de benefícios do exercício e a autoeficácia para o exercício programado e as barreiras do exercício. Deve-se potencializar os benefícios da atividade física, bem como criar intervenções que ajudem a população estudantil de enfermagem a superar barreiras, fortalecendo a autoeficácia para a atividade física, independentemente da intensidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Nursing , Exercise , Self Efficacy , Costa Rica
4.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 38(5): 678-687, oct. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388301

ABSTRACT

ANTECEDENTES: Los biomarcadores actuales para el diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal tienen una exactitud limitada. El desarrollo de la medicina de precisión basada en tecnologías ómicas ofrece una oportunidad para mejorar el diagnóstico de la sepsis neonatal. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la sensibilidad y especificidad de las pruebas basadas en tecnologías ómicas (metabolómica, proteómica y genómica/transcriptómica) para el diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal. METODOLOGÍA: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en bases de datos electrónicas. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales y ensayos clínicos que evaluaran las pruebas basadas en tecnologías ómicas en neonatos comparado con el cultivo para el diagnóstico de sepsis neonatal. Dos revisores independientes realizaron la evaluación de la calidad de los estudios y la extracción de los datos. Para el metaanálisis se realizó un modelo de efectos aleatorios y se planeó una evaluación de la heterogeneidad a través de un análisis de subgrupos por prueba ómica, edad gestacional y tiempo de establecimiento de la sepsis. RESULTADOS: Se observa expresión diferencial del genoma, proteoma y metaboloma entre los neonatos con y sin sepsis, identificando diferentes biomarcadores. El metaanálisis mostró una medida de resumen combinada para la sensibilidad de 0,88 (IC 95% 0,72-0,96), especificidad de 0,76 (IC 95% 0,62-0,85). CONCLUSIÓN: Las pruebas basadas en ómicas tienen una alta sensibilidad, siendo las de mejor rendimiento las basadas en genómica/transcriptómica. Los estudios tienen alta heterogeneidad.


BACKGROUND: Current biomarkers for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis llave limited accuracy. The development of precision medicine based on omic's technologies offer an opportunity to improve the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. AIM: To evalúate the sensitivity and specificity of tests based on omic technologies (metabolomics, proteomics and genomics) for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis. METHODS: A systematic review was carried out in electronic databases. Observational studies and clinical trials evaluating tests based on omic technologies in neonates compared to culture for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis were included. For the meta-analysis, a random effects model and an evaluation of heterogeneity were proposed through a subgroup analysis by omic test, gestational age and time of establishment of sepsis. RESULTS: Differential expression of the genome, proteome and metabolome is observed between neonates with and without sepsis, identifying different biomarkers. The meta-analysis showed a pooled summary measure for sensitivity of0.88 (95% CI 0.72, 0.96), specificity of0.76 (95% CI 0.62, 0.85). CONCLUSION: Omics-based tests have a high sensitivity, with the best performing ones being those based on genomics / transcriptomics. The studies have high heterogeneity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Neonatal Sepsis/diagnosis , Biomarkers , Gestational Age , Sepsis/diagnosis , Precision Medicine
5.
Salud UNINORTE ; 37(2): 442-464, mayo-ago. 2021. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377260

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: La incertidumbre de una posible transmisión posnatal por SARS-CoV-2 genera un desafío entre aplicar o evitar los cuidados esenciales del recién nacido para prevenir la transmisión. La revisión sistemática tiene como objetivo describir el impacto de los cuidados esenciales del neonato en la transmisión posnatal del SARS-CoV-2. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en bases de datos electrónicas, se incluyeron estudios observacionales, serie de casos y reporte de casos. Dos investigadores de forma independiente evaluaron los criterios de inclusión, la calidad metodológica y la extracción de datos. Resultados: Se tamizaron 208 estudios para una inclusión final de 9 artículos relevantes. El reporte de transmisión del virus SARS-CoV-2 está centrado en la posibilidad de transferencia por la leche materna y ausencia de información acerca de la transmisión por otros cuidados esenciales, sin embargo, se observa un bajo uso en la práctica clínica de los cuidados esenciales del recién nacido hijo de madre con COVID- 19. Conclusiones: La información es limitada sobre la posible transmisión del SARS-CoV-2 a través de los cuidados esenciales del recién nacido, sin embargo, la pandemia ha impactado de forma importante los mismos. Según los hallazgos en la literatura, es mayor el beneficio de estas intervenciones y las recomendaciones científicas promueven su aplicación empleando las medidas de protección personal para la madre y el personal de salud.


ABSTRACT Objective: The uncertainty of a possible postnatal transmission by SARS-CoV-2 creates a challenge between applying or avoiding essential newborn care to prevent transmission. The objective of the systematic review is to describe the impact of essential neonate care on the postnatal transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Methods: A systematic review was carried out in electronic databases, observational studies, case series, and case reports. Two investigators independently assessed the inclusion criteria, methodological quality, and data extraction. Results: 208 studies were screened for a final inclusion of 9 relevant articles. The transmission report of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is focused on the possibility of transfer through breast milk and the absence of information about transmission by other essential care, however, a low use, in clinical practice, of essential care for the newborn child of a mother with COVID-19, is observed. Conclusions: Information is limited on the possible transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through essential newborn care; however, the pandemic has had a significant impact on them. According to the findings in the literature, the benefit of these interventions is greater, and the scientific recommendations promote their application, using personal protection measures for the mother and the healthcare personnel.

6.
Salud UNINORTE ; 36(1): 46-61, ene.-abr. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1252121

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: La automedicación en niños tiene una prevalência mundial del 50 %. La enfermedad diarreica aguda y la infección del tracto respiratorio son enfermedades prevalentes de la infancia, y se ven afectadas por esta práctica. El objetivo fue establecer la prevalencia de automedicación en niños que consultan a un servicio de pediatría y explorar posibles factores asociados. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron niños que consultaron por infección respiratoria aguda y/o enfermedad diarreica aguda. Se desarrolló un instrumento (encuesta) para la recolección de la información. Con el objetivo de explorar los posibles factores asociados con la automedicación se realizaron análisis bivariados y se construyó un modelo de regresión logística. Se estimó como medida de efecto el OR con su intervalo de confianza. Se estableció el valor de significancia estadística con un valor de p< 0,05. Resultados: Se incluyeron 300 menores. La prevalencia de automedicación fue del 46 %. Los medicamentos más usados fueron el acetaminofén (78 %) y el ibuprofeno (15 %). Se encontró posible asociación de la automedicación con el antecedente de previo de automedicación y la edad del niño. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de automedicación es alta y similar a la encontrada en la literatura. Los posibles factores asociados a la automedicación en niños son la experiencia previa de automedicación y la edad del niño. Desde la atención primaria se deben realizar campañas educativas a la población de los riesgos de la automedicación.


ABSTRACT Objective: Self-medication in children has a worldwide prevalence of 50%. Acute diarrheal disease and respiratory tract infection are prevalent childhood diseases and are affected by this practice. The objective was established the prevalence of self-medication in children who consult a pediatric service and explore possible associated factors. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, children who consulted for acute respiratory disease or acute diarrheal disease were included. An instrument for information collection was developed and applied. In order to explore the possible risk factors associated with self-medication, bivariate analyzes were performed and a logistic regression model was constructed. The OR with its confidence interval was estimated as an effect measure. The statistical significance value was established with a value of p <0.05. Results: 300 children were included. The prevalence of self-medication was 46 %. The most used medications were acetaminophen (78 %) and ibuprofen (15 %). Association of self-medication was found with the history of prior self-medication and the child's age. Conclusions: The prevalence of self-medication is high and like that found in the literature. Possible associated factors are previous self-medication experience and the child's age. From primary care it is appropriate to carry out educational campaigns to the population of the risks of self-medication.

7.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 91(1): 85-93, feb. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092791

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: La neuropatía ciática es una entidad infrecuente y de difícil diagnóstico en Pediatría. Su evolución a largo plazo no ha sido claramente definida. Objetivo: Analizar la presentación clínica y evolución de un grupo de niños con neuropatía ciática. Pacientes y Método: Análisis retrospectivo de las características clínicas de pacientes pediátricos con neuropatía ciática atendidos en 2 hospitales de Santiago, entre 2014-2018. Se evaluó examen motor, trofismo muscular, reflejos osteotendíneos, marcha, sensibilidad y dolor. Se estudió neuroconducción de nervio ciático, electromiografía (EMG) y en 3 pacientes, Resonancia Magnética (RM). Resultados: Se incluyeron 6 pacientes, edad promedio 11,8 años. Hubo 2 causas traumáticas, 2 compresivas, 1 vascular y 1 tumoral. Los 6 pa cientes debutaron con pie caído e hiporreflexia/arreflexia aquiliana; 5 pacientes presentaron dolor neuropático severo. La EMG mostró en todos los casos compromiso en nervios y musculatura de pendientes del nervio ciático. En 2 casos se realizó RM de cintura pélvica y extremidades inferiores, mostrando compromiso muscular selectivo en pierna en territorio ciático. En 1 caso, se realizó RM de plexo lumbosacro, y luego estudio histológico, que concluyeron un tumor neural benigno. En los 3 pacientes que tuvieron seguimiento mayor a un año, se observaron secuelas motoras, con marcha alterada. Conclusión: La neuropatía ciática en este grupo fue secundaria a diversas etiologías, predominando las traumático-compresivas. En los 3 casos que tuvieron seguimiento a largo plazo se observaron secuelas motoras significativas. En la mayoría la lesión se asoció a causas prevenibles como accidentes y posicionamiento en niños con compromiso de conciencia, lo que resulta fundamental en la prevención de una patología con alto grado de secuelas.


Abstract: Introduction: Sciatic neuropathy is rare and difficult to diagnose in pediatrics, and its long-term course has not been completely understood. Objective: To analyze the clinical presentation and evolution of a group of pediatric patients with sciatic neuropathy. Patients and Method: Retrospective anal ysis of the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with sciatic neuropathy treated in two hospitals of Santiago between 2014 and 2018. Locomotor examination, muscle trophism, deep tendon reflexes, gait, sensation, and pain were assessed. Sciatic nerve conduction study and electromyography (EMG) were performed, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in three patients. Results: Six patients were included with an average age of 11.8 years. The etiologies were traumatic (N = 2), by compression (N = 2), vascular (N = 1), and tumor (N = 1). All of the 6 patients presented foot drop and Achilles tendon hyporeflexia/areflexia, and 5 patients presented severe neuropathic pain. The EMG showed involvement of the sciatic nerve rami and dependent muscles. In two patients, a pelvic girdle and lower limbs MRI was performed, showing selective muscle involvement in sciatic territory. One patient underwent a lumbosacral plexus MRI, and subsequently histological study showing a benign neural tumor. Out of the three patients who were followed-up longer than one year presented motor sequelae and gait disorder. Conclusion: Sciatic neuropathy in the study group was secondary to different causes, predominantly traumatic and compressive etiologies. The three patients that were ina long-term follow-up presented significant motor sequelae. In most of the cases, neural injury wasassoci- ated with preventable causes, such as accidents and positioning in unconscious children, which is crucial in the prevention of a pathology with a high sequelae degree.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Sciatic Neuropathy/diagnosis , Prognosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Follow-Up Studies , Sciatic Neuropathy/etiology , Sciatic Neuropathy/physiopathology , Sciatic Neuropathy/therapy , Electromyography
8.
Salud UNINORTE ; 33(2): 86-97, mayo-ago. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-903632

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivos: Explorar la relación entre las variables sociodemográficas presentes en la madre y en la familia con el bajo peso al nacer en los recién nacidos atendidos en una clínica universitaria en Chía (Cundinamarca, Colombia). Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyó a 301 recién nacidos de la Clínica Universidad de La Sabana entre el 1° de julio y 31 de diciembre de 2015. Se midieron variables sociodemográficos y factores de la madre y del recién nacido. Se realizó un análisis bivariado para determinar la relación entre las variables de exposición y bajo peso; para este se aplicó la prueba de chi2 o de Fisher. Posteriormente se realizó un modelo de regresión logística para explorar la asociación entre las variables de exposición y el bajo peso al nacer. Resultados: La frecuencia de bajo peso al nacer fue del 18.27 %. Se halló asociación entre el bajo peso al nacer y el nivel educativo bajo de la madre (OR 2.65; IC 95 %: 1.17 - 5.97). Como factor protector para el bajo peso al nacer se encontró el asistir a 4 o más controles prenatales (OR 0.34; IC 95 %: 0.14 - .084). Conclusiones: La frecuencia de bajo peso al nacer en la población estudiada está por encima del promedio nacional y regional. Se encontró como factor de riesgo el nivel educativo bajo, y como factor protector, el número de controles prenatales. Es importante continuar con el adecuado control social en las madres y familias de estratos bajos como factor preventivo primario del bajo peso al nacer.


Abstract Objectives: To explore the relationship between sociodemographic variables present in the mother and in the family with low birth weight infants attended at a university clinic in Chia, Colombia. Methods: Cross-sectional study. 301 newborns from the Clinica Universidad de La Sabana were included between July 1 and December 31, 2015. Socio-demographic variables and maternal and newborn factors were analyzed. A bivariate analysis was performed to determine the relationship between the variables and low-birth weight, the chi2 or Fisher test was applied. A logistic regression model was performed to explore the association between exposure variables and low birth weight. Results: The frequency of low birth weight was 18.27 %. We found an association between low birth weight and low maternal education (OR 2.65,95 % CI: 1.17 - 5.97). As a protective factor for birth weight was found to attend four or more prenatal controls (OR 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.14 - .084). Conclusions: The frequency of low birth weight is above the national and regional average. The low educational level was found as a risk factor and as a protective factor the number of prenatal controls. It is important to continue with adequate social control in low-income mothers and families as a primary preventive factor of low birth weight.

9.
Medicina (Bogotá) ; 39(1): 48-54, Enero-Marzo de 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-877868

ABSTRACT

La apendicitis neonatal es una patología infrecuente, de difícil diagnóstico y con una mortalidad elevada. Se han estudiado diversas teorías sobre su etiología que consideran que la apendicitis en el periodo neonatal podría corresponder a una manifestación de inmadurez inmunitaria. El cuadro clínico de apendicitis en este grupo etáreo no tiene las características clásicas, incluyendo signos y síntomas inespecíficos, que pueden corresponder a patologías más frecuentes como la enterocolitis necrotizante. La perforación intestinal constituye la complicación más frecuente y el diagnóstico se realiza usualmente de forma intraoperatoria. En el presente artículo, se describen dos neonatos con diagnóstico intraoperatorio de apendicitis, nacidos en la Clínica Universidad de La Sabana en el año 2016. En ellos, se destaca el cuadro clínico de presentación y manejo quirúrgico, los cuales permitieron identificar esta patología.


Neonatal appendicitis is a rare condition, difficult to diagnose, and with a high mortality. Several hypotheses on its etiology have been postulated, since appendicitis in the neonatal period may correspond to a manifestation of immune immaturity. The clinical condition of appendicitis in this age group does not have the classic features, which include signs and nonspecific symptoms that may correspond to most frequent pathologies, such as necrotizing enterocolitis. Intestinal perforation is the most frequent complication and the diagnosis is usually intraoperative. The cases described in here correspond to two newborns with intraoperative diagnosis of appendicitis, delivered in the Universidad de La Sabana Clinic in 2016. Highlights on the aforementioned clinical condition are included. Surgical management, which allowed us to identify this pathology, was described.


Subject(s)
Humans , Appendicitis , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing , Infant, Newborn , Intestinal Perforation
10.
Motriz (Online) ; 23(4): e1017107, 2017. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-895018

ABSTRACT

AIMS: The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of resistance training (RT) and hormone replacement (HR) on MMP-2 activity, biomechanical and physical properties bone of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley female rats were grouped into six experimental groups (n = 11 per group): sham-operated sedentary (SHAM Sed), ovariectomized sedentary (OVX Sed), sham-operated resistance training (SHAM RT), ovariectomized resistance training (OVX RT), ovariectomized sedentary hormone replacement (OVX Sed-HR), and ovariectomized resistance training hormone replacement (OVX RT-HR). HR groups received implanted silastic capsules with a 5% solution of 17ß-estradiol (50 mg 17ß-estradiol/ml of sunflower oil). In a 12-week RT period (27 sessions; 4-9 climbs) the animals climbed a 1.1 m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails. Biomechanical and physical bone analyses were performed using a universal testing machine, and MMP-2 activity analysis was done by zymography. RESULTS: Bone density and bone mineral content was higher in the RT and HR groups. The MMP-2 activity was higher in the RT and HR groups. The biomechanical analysis (stiffness, fracture load and maximum load) demonstrated better bone tissue quality in the RT associated with HR. CONCLUSION: The RT alone as well as when it is associated with HR was efficient in increasing MMP-2 activity, biomechanical and biophysical properties bone of ovariectomized rats.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Osteoporosis , Ovariectomy , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Metalloproteases/administration & dosage , Estradiol/administration & dosage , Estrogens/administration & dosage , Resistance Training
11.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 59(6): 43-57, nov.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-957116

ABSTRACT

Resumen La exploración adecuada del tórax tiene una secuencia que ayuda al clínico a seguir varios pasos e integrar sus hallazgos en síndromes, mismos que lo llevarán con más seguridad hacia el diagnóstico más adecuado. Al cumplirse los 200 años de la invención del estetoscopio por René Laënec, tomamos esta oportunidad para recordarlo y detallar los pasos de la exploración del tórax. El hecho de contar con más herramientas tecnológicas para el diagnóstico, no le resta importancia a esta etapa tan importante de la relación entre el médico y su paciente, que es la exploración.


Abstract Thoracic exploration has a sequence of steps that help the clinician to integrate its findings in syndromes, which will lead the physician to better diagnosis. This year the stethoscope, invented by René Laënec, turns 200 years old and we use this opportunity to remember him and provide a detailed description of the thoracic exploration. To have access to more sophisticated diagnostic tools should not diminish the relevance of a direct exploration of the patient, which is a very important step in the patient-physician relationship.

12.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 64(3): 499-504, July-Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956760

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Nail and fingertip injuries in children are very frequent and may range from a simple nail or fingertip injury to amputations. Objective: To present a series of cases with their clinical and demographic characteristics and to describe the current concepts for the treatment of these injuries. Materials and methods: A series of cases presenting fingertip injuries was analyzed for six months. Epidemiology of injuries is described and the current concepts of their treatment are reviewed. Results: 60% of the injuries analyzed in this study occurred in male subjects; 88% of patients suffered crush injuries, the nail was affected in 98% of the cases, sterile matrix damage was observed in 64% and germinal matrix damage was experienced in 34% of the cases. The soft tissue around the finger was affected in 40% of the cases and associated fractures were observed in 55% of the cases. Conclusion: Fingertip crush caused by closing doors was the most frequent injury, which implied a higher involvement of the nail. An adequate treatment focused on the anatomic repair of the nail bed, the relocation of the nail plate and, in some cases, the use of flaps to cover defects in the soft tissue is ideal for this type of injuries, and must be provided as fast as possible to avoid secondary deformities.


Resumen Introducción. En niños, son frecuentes las lesiones de la uña y de la punta de los dedos; estas varían desde traumas en la uña y el pulpejo hasta amputaciones. Objetivos. Describir una serie de casos con sus características clínicas y demográficas y exponer el estado actual del tratamiento de estas lesiones. Materiales y métodos. Se analiza una serie de casos con lesiones de punta de dedo durante seis meses. Se describe la epidemiología y se revisa el estado actual de tratamiento. Resultados. El 60% de las lesiones evaluadas se presentaron en varones, 88% tuvieron trauma por aplastamiento, 98% compromiso de la uña, 64% afectación en la matriz estéril, 34% en la matriz germinal y 40% en el pulpejo; 55% de los casos sufrieron fracturas asociadas. Conclusiones. La lesión por aplastamiento fue lo más frecuente, con mayor compromiso de la uña, predominando la contusión por cierre de puertas. Un buen tratamiento enfocado en la reparación anatómica de la matriz ungueal, reposición de la uña y, en algunos casos, uso de colgajos para cubrir los defectos en el pulpejo es el procedimiento ideal para este tipo de lesiones y debe hacerse rápidamente para evitar deformidades secundarias.

13.
Clinics ; 71(9): 528-536, Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-794640

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on angiogenesis markers of visceral adipose tissue in ovariectomized rats. METHOD: Adult Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into four groups (n=6 per group): sham-sedentary, ovariectomized sedentary, sham-resistance training and ovariectomized resistance training. The rats were allowed to climb a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails and the weights were progressively increased. Sessions were performed three times per week for 10 weeks. Visceral adipose tissue angiogenesis and morphology were analyzed by histology. VEGF-A mRNA and protein levels were analyzed by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: Ovariectomy resulted in higher body mass (p=0.0003), adipocyte hypertrophy (p=0.0003), decreased VEGF-A mRNA (p=0.0004) and protein levels (p=0.0009), and decreased micro-vascular density (p=0.0181) in the visceral adipose tissue of the rats. Resistance training for 10 weeks was not able to attenuate the reduced angiogenesis in the visceral adipose tissue of the ovariectomized rats. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the resistance training program used in this study could not ameliorate low angiogenesis in the visceral adipose tissue of ovariectomized rats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology , Ovariectomy/methods , Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology , Intra-Abdominal Fat/blood supply , Estrogens/deficiency , Resistance Training/methods , Ribosomal Proteins/analysis , Time Factors , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunohistochemistry , Biomarkers/analysis , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Adipocytes/physiology , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/analysis , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/analysis , Intra-Abdominal Fat/metabolism , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
14.
MedUNAB ; 19(1): 9-17, abr.-jul. 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-831118

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Ha aumentado la sobrevida de los neonatos críticamente enfermos, lo que ha llevado a los profesionales encargados del cuidado de estos bebés a enfrentar frecuentemente decisiones éticas. En el presente trabajo se plantea el objetivo de caracterizar las situaciones éticas que enfrentan, el criterio que utilizan y la forma en que se toman las decisiones en los dilemas éticos por parte de los pediatras y neonatólogos. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal. Se invitaron a participar 87 neonatólogos y/o pediatras que quisieran contestar de forma voluntaria la encuesta para la caracterización y trabajaran en unidades neonatales de Chía y Bogotá entre el 1 de octubre de 2014 y 31 de enero de 2015, de los cuales aceptaron participar 45 profesionales (51.7%). Se realizó un análisis exploratorio de los datos, utilizando estadística descriptiva. Resultados: De los profesionales que contestaron la encuesta, el 100.0% se ha enfrentado a problemas éticos, el 60.0% han recibido algún tipo de capacitación en bioética, 33.0% se apoya en comités de ética, 98.0% tienen algún límite de viabilidad para iniciar reanimar y el 93.0% ha limitado el esfuerzo terapéutico; el 98.0% incluye a los padres en las decisiones y registra la decisión en la historia clínica. Conclusiones: Son frecuentes los conflictos éticos en la unidad neonatal. La mayoría cuenta con capacitación y comité de ética para la toma de decisiones. Entre los especialistas hay opiniones heterogéneas sobre ciertos problemas éticos en las unidades neonatales.


The survival of critically ill neonates has increased, which has led to professional caregivers of these babies to face ethical decisions about it. This paper outlines the aim of characterizing ethical situations that caregivers face, the criterion they use and how decisions on ethical dilemmas are taken by Pediatricians and Neonatologists. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed. 87 neonatologists and/or Pediatricians, who work in neonatal care units in Chia and Bogota between October 1 of 2014 and January 31 of 2015, were invited to participate and answer a characterization survey voluntarily, but only 45 professionals (51.7%) agreed to take part in it. An exploratory data analysis was performed by using descriptive statistics. Results: Professionals who answered the survey, 100.0% of them has faced ethical problems, 60.0% of them has received some training in bioethics, 33.0% relies on ethics committee, 98.0% has a viability limit to start reanimating and 93.0% has limited the therapeutic effort; 98.0% includes parents in decisions and registers the decision in the medical record. Conclusions: Ethical conflicts in the neonatal care unit are frequent. Most professionals have training and an ethics committee for decision-making. Among the specialists there are heterogeneous views on certain ethical problems in neonatal care units.


Introdução: O aumento da sobrevivência de recém-nascidos criticamente doentes, o que levou a cuidadores profissionais para esses bebês muitas vezes enfrentam decisões éticas. Objetivo: Neste trabalho é caracterizar as situações éticas e os critérios utilizados por pediatras e neonatologistas no jeito como tomam as decisões, frente aos dilemas éticos surgidos. Métodos: O estudo realizado foi de tipo transversal. De 87 neonatologistas e / ou pediatras convidados a participar no estudo realizado entre 01 de outubro de 2014 e 31 de janeiro de 2015, 45 profissionais (51,7%), que trabalham nas unidades neonatais de Chia e Bogotá (Colȏmbia), aceitaram livremente responder as perguntas. Os dados foram estudados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: As respostas da pesquisa mostraram que 100,0% dos professionais tem enfrentado problemas éticos, 60,0% receberam alguma preparação em bioética, 33,0% se apoia na comissão de ética, 98,0% têm um limite de viabilidade para começar a reanimação e 93,0% tem limitado o esforço terapêutico; 98,0% inclui os pais nas decisões e o registra no prontuário. Conclusões: Os conflitos éticos são frequentes na unidade neonatal. A maioria tem formação e conta com a comissão de ética para tomar as decisões. Entre os especialistas há pontos de vista heterogêneos sobre certos problemas éticos nas unidades neonatais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Intensive Care, Neonatal , Terminal Care , Neonatology , Infant, Newborn , Ethics, Clinical
15.
Ambiente y Desarrollo ; 20(39): 101-115, 2016.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, MTYCI | ID: biblio-911756

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del presente artículo es proporcionar información actualizada sobre el uso de plantas medicinales en una comunidad otomí que se localiza en el Estado de México, adentro del altiplano central mexicano. Mediante el método etnográfico y etnobiológico se estudian el uso tradicional de las plantas medicinales, las formas en que las personas acceden a ellas y las innovaciones que se realizan en torno a la curación con plantas y métodos alternativos. El artículo discute los procesos que originan los cambios en el sistema de salud-enfermedad entre los otomíes del Estado de México y la percepción de la población de dichos cambios. Por lo anterior, se concluye que el conocimiento de plantas medicinales en la comunidad se sitúa en un continuum entre lo tradicional, lo moderno y lo innovador.


Subject(s)
Humans , Medicine, Traditional , Plants, Medicinal , Rural Health , Ethnobotany , Mexico
16.
Clinics ; 69(4): 265-270, 4/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-705774

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the influence of resistance training on body composition and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in skeletal muscles of rats fed a high-fat diet. METHODS: Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups (n = 8/each) according to diet and exercise status: Control (standard diet), Obese Control (high-fat diet), Resistance Training (standard diet) and Obese Resistance Training (high-fat diet) groups. Animals were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to promote excessive weight gain. Resistance Training groups performed 12 weeks of training periods after this period in a vertical ladder three times/week. Fat percentage, fat-free mass and fat mass were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in biceps and gastrocnemius muscles was analyzed using zymography. RESULTS: Resistance training significantly reduced body and fat masses and fat percentages in both trained groups (p<0.05). The maximal carrying load between trained groups was not different, but relative force was higher in the Resistance Training group (p<0.05). Of note, increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity was noted in the tested muscles of both trained groups (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, altered body composition and muscle matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity promoted by excessive weight gain were positively modified by resistance training. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Body Composition/physiology , Diet, High-Fat , /metabolism , Muscle, Skeletal/enzymology , Obesity/physiopathology , Resistance Training/methods , Absorptiometry, Photon , Obesity/enzymology , Physical Conditioning, Animal , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors
17.
Clinics ; 68(9): 1247-1254, set. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-687758

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the effects of resistance training on oxidative stress markers in the livers of ovariectomized rats. METHOD: Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups (n = 8 per group): sham-operated sedentary, ovariectomized sedentary, sham-operated resistance training, and ovariectomized resistance training. During the resistance training period, the animals climbed a 1.1-m vertical ladder with weights attached to their tails; the sessions were conducted 3 times per week, with 4-9 climbs and 8-12 dynamic movements per climb. The oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the levels of reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione, the enzymatic activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, vitamin E concentrations, and the gene expression of glutathione peroxidase. RESULTS: The results showed significant reductions in the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio (4.11±0.65 nmol/g tec), vitamin E concentration (55.36±11.11 nmol/g), and gene expression of glutathione peroxidase (0.49±0.16 arbitrary units) in the livers of ovariectomized rats compared with the livers of unovariectomized animals (5.71±0.71 nmol/g tec, 100.14±10.99 nmol/g, and 1.09±0.54 arbitrary units, respectively). Moreover, resistance training for 10 weeks was not able to reduce the oxidative stress in the livers of ovariectomized rats and induced negative changes in the hepatic anti-oxidative/oxidative balance. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that the resistance training program used in this study was not able to attenuate the hepatic oxidative damage caused by ovariectomy and increased the hepatic oxidative stress. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Liver/metabolism , Ovariectomy , Oxidative Stress , Resistance Training , Biomarkers/metabolism , Catalase/analysis , Glutathione/analysis , Lipid Peroxidation , Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances/analysis , Vitamin E/analysis
18.
Rev. bras. promoç. saúde (Impr.) ; 26(3)set. 2013. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-712292

ABSTRACT

Investigar a influência do treinamento de força (TF) sobre a concentração sorológica de resistina e pressão arterial de mulheres na pós-menopausa. Métodos: Estudo longitudinal, realizado na Universidade Federal de São Carlos, do qual participaram 23 mulheres sedentárias na pós-menopausa. O TF apresentou duração de 13 meses (dez/2008 a jan/2010), com duas sessões semanais, cada uma consistindo em três séries de 8-12 repetições máximas e um exercício para cada grupo muscular principal. Foi avaliada a força muscular máxima nos seguintes exercícios: supino, leg press 45° e flexão do cotovelo em pé. A concentração sérica de resistina foi determinada pelo método ELISA. No processamento estatístico, utilizou-se o ANOVA (com medidas repetidas) para comparar os momentos Pré, 6 meses e 13 meses (p<0,05). Para avaliar as correlações resistina × pressão arterial, resistina × força muscular e força × pressão arterial, utilizou-se o teste de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: As mulheres apresentaram o seguinte perfil antropométrico: 61,33±3,8 anos; estatura de 148,5±32,7 cm; massa corporal de 67,56±10,85 kg. O TF induziu a redução da concentração de resistina (30272,4±8100,1 versus 16350,6±2404,6 pg/mL) e pressão arterial sistólica (120,5±11,8 versus 115,8±1,6 mmHg), e o aumento da força muscular no leg press 45o (172,3±27,3 versus 348,6±40,8 kg), supino (31,9±4,1 versus 41,8±5,6 kg) e flexão docotovelo (21,0±2,4 versus 26,5±2,9 kg) após os 13 meses (p<0,05). Conclusão: Os resultados deste estudo revelaram que o TF a longo prazo aumenta a força muscular máxima, diminui a pressão arterial sistólica e os níveis séricos da resistina ? alterações fisiológicas benéficas para a redução do risco de doenças cardiovasculares em mulheres na pós-menopausa...


Investigate the influence of strength training (ST) on serum resistin levels and blood pressure of postmenopausal women. Methods: Longitudinal study conducted at the Federal University of São Carlos with twenty-three sedentary postmenopausal women. The ST lasted 13 months (Dec./2008 to Jan./2010) and consisted of two weekly sessions with three sets of 8-12 maximum repetitions and one exercise for each main muscle group. Maximum muscular strength was tested in the following exercises: bench press, 45° leg press, and standing arm curl. Serum resistin level was determined using the ELISA method. ANOVA (with repeated measures) was used for the comparisons between periods Pre-, 6 months and 13 months (p < 0.05); Pearson?s correlation test was used to evaluate the correlations between resistin × blood pressure, resistin × muscle strength and strength × blood pressure. Results: Women presented the following anthropometric profile: 61.33±3.8 years; height 148.5±32.7 cm; body mass 67.56±10.85 kg. The ST decreased resistin levels (30272.4 ± 8100.1 to 16350.6 ± 2404.6 pg/mL) and systolic blood pressure (120.5 ± 11.8 to 115.8 ± 1.6 mmHg), and increased muscular strength in the leg press 45o (172.3 ± 27.3 to 348.6 ± 40.8kg), bench press (31.9 ± 4.1 to 41.8 ± 5.6 kg) and arm curl (21.0 ± 2.4 to 26.5 ± 2.9 kg) after 13 months (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that long-term ST increases maximum muscular strength, decreases systolic blood pressure and serum resistin levels, which are beneficial physiological alterations that reduce the risk for cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women...


Investigar la influencia del entrenamiento de fuerza (EF) sobre la concentración serológica de resistina y presión arterial em mujeres posmenopausia. Métodos: Estudio longitudinal realizado en la Universidad Federal de São Carlos en el cual participaron 23 mujeres sedentarias posmenopausia. El EF tuvo duración de 13 meses (diciembre de 2008 a enero de 2010) con dos sesiones semanales, siendo cada sesión constituida de tres series de 8-12 repeticiones máximas y un ejercicio para cada grupo muscular principal. Fue evaluada la fuerza muscular máxima en los siguientes ejercicios: supino, leg press 45° y flexión de codo de pie. La concentración sérica de resistina fue determinada por el método ELISA. En el procesamiento estadístico se utilizo ANOVA (con medidas repetidas) para las comparaciones entre los momentos pre, 6 meses y 13 meses (p < 0,05); se utilizó La prueba de correlación de Pearson para evaluar las correlaciones entre resistina × presión arterial, resistina × fuerza muscular y fuerza × presión arterial. Resultados: Las mujeres presentaron el siguiente perfil antropométrico: 61,33±3,8 años; altura 148,5±32,7 cm; masa corporal 67,56±10,85 kg. El EF llevó a La reducción de la concentración de resistina (30272,4±8100,1 versus 16350,6±2404,6 pg/mL) y presión arterial sistólica (120,5±11,8 versus 115,8±1,6 mmHg) y aumento de fuerza muscular en el leg press 45º (172,3±27,3 versus 348,6±40,8 kg), supino (31,9±4,1 versus 41,8±5,6 kg) y flexión de codo (21,0±2,4 versus 26,5±2,9 kg) después de los 13 meses (p < 0,05). Conclusión: Los resultados del estudio revelaron que el EF a largo plazo aumenta la fuerza muscular máxima, disminuye la presión arterial sistólica y los niveles séricos de la resistina, alteraciones fisiológicas benéficas para la reducción del riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares em mujeres posmenopausia...


Subject(s)
Humans , Arterial Pressure , Resistance Training , Resistin , Women
19.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 23(2): 108-109, jun. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-696300

ABSTRACT

Comunicamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 58 años, con antecedente de mesotelioma maligno en tratamiento oncológico, quien presentó un tumor en el espacio retrorrectal el cual fue operado, constatándose posteriormente metástasis de mesotelioma. Debido a la infrecuencia del caso se realiza una revisión de la literatura médica nacional e internacional actualizada sobre el tema.


We report a case of a 58 year old male patient, wilh a malignant mesothelioma, with oncological treatment, who presented a tumor in the space retrorectal which was operated. Afterwards it was found out as a metastasis of that lesion. Duc to the infrequency of the case, a revision of the latest national and international medical literature was done.


Subject(s)
Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasms, Mesothelial/complications , Rectal Neoplasms/etiology , Rectal Neoplasms/secondary , Diagnostic Imaging , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/mortality
20.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 14(1): 83-92, 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-611243

ABSTRACT

O agachamento afundo possui um posicionamento dos membros inferiores diferencial em relação ao agachamento padrão, necessitando de maiores esclarecimentos acerca das participações dos músculos envolvidos. O objetivo foi analisar a atividade eletromiográfica dos músculos vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), bíceps femoris (BF) e semitendinosus (ST) durante a execução do agachamento afundo até à exaustão com o membro inferior posicionado frontalmente e posteriormente. Participaram do estudo nove mulheres ativas com média (DP) de idade de 22 (3,4) anos e massa corporal 60,3 (4,1) kg. O agachamento afundo foi dividido em duas etapas, diferindo apenas o posicionamento do membro inferior dominante (randomizado). Os sinais eletromiográficos foram captados utilizando um eletromiógrafo e analisados os valores "root mean square" (RMS) na fase concêntrica. Os resultados indicaram um aumento significativo do RMS em função do tempo para o membro inferior posicionado frontalmente e posteriormente (p< 0,001). No membro posicionado frontalmente, o aumento do RMS correspondeu a 50 por cento para o VL, 54 por cento para o VM e 48 por cento para o BF. O membro posicionado posteriormente apresentou um aumento de 75 por cento para o VL, 113 por cento para o VM, 62 por cento para o BF e 48 por cento para o ST. O RMS também foi significativamente maior no músculo VM em relação ao ST no membro inferior posicionado anteriormente (p = 0,03) e em relação ao ST e BF no membro inferior posicionado posteriormente (p = 0,02). Não ocorreu interação significativa entre o efeito do tempo e músculo na atividade eletromiográfica. O RMS normalizado não apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas no que se refere ao posicionamento do membro inferior dominante. A atividade muscular foi semelhante em ambos os posicionamentos do membro inferior, apresentando maior aumento de ativação dos músculos VL e VM em relação ao BF e ST.


The position of lower limbs during lunge is different from squat without clear understanding on differences in muscle activation. The objective was to compare the electromyographic activity of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) during the execution of the lunge to exhaustion of the lower limb, changing position of the legs frontally and posteriorly. Nine active women participated of this study with a mean (SD) age of 22 (3.4) years and body mass 60.3 (4.1) kg. The lunge was divided in two phases, changing the forward leg (random order). The electromyographic signals were captured by an eletromyograph, and the root mean square (RMS) values were analyzed during the concentric phase. There was a significant increase of the RMS in time for the LL positioned frontally and posterior (p< 0,001). For the forward position, the increase of RMS was 50 percent for VL, 54 percent for VM and 48 percent for BF. The backward position had an increase of 75 percent for VL, 113 percent for VM, 62 percent for BF and 48 percent for ST. The RMS was significantly higher for VM than for ST the forward position (p = 0,03) and ST and BF for the backward position (p = 0,02). No interaction was observed between time and muscle in the electromyigraphic activity. The normalized RMS was not statistically different comparing the forward and backward position of the dominant leg. Muscle activity was similar in both positions of the LL, showing increased activation of the VM and VL muscles in relation to the BF and ST.

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