ABSTRACT
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the major noncommunicable diseases of which world is experiencing aserious epidemic these recent years. Uric acid serves as anearly indicator of renal complications in diabetes mellituspatients.Material and methods: This was an Observational,descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted duringa period of 18 months (October 2016 and March 2018) Thisstudy was designed to check the levels of serum uric acidand its relation with creatinine, microalbuminuria, HbA1c,fasting and post prandial blood sugar levels in type 2 Diabetessubjects.Results: Study included a total of 120 cases of type 2 Diabetesmellitus, out of which there were 69 males (57.5%) and 51females (42.5%), with a mean age of 59.04 ±13.47 years.Mean FBS was 186.10 ±77.53 mg/dl, with majority of thesubjects having elevated FBS. Mean PPBS of 274.94 ±108.66mg/dl and of HbA1c 8.15 ± 1.7 was observed. The uric acidof majority number of our study participant males (65.22%)had level of ≥ 7.4, with a mean of 9.53 ± 4.38. Mean bloodurea and serum creatinine levels were 46.91 ± 15.13 and 1.44± 0.29 respectively. There was significant association seenbetween uric acid levels and urine albumin, serum creatinine,twenty four hour urinary albumin, FBS and PPBS levels andHbA1c levels.Conclusion: Present study had about two-third subjects withtype 2 Diabetes mellitus with elevated uric acid levels hadmicroalbuminuria and elevated serum creatinine levels.
ABSTRACT
AIM: Assessing the efficacy of drug in controlling pain intensity after surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar teeth and to compare the effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. 40 patients were randomly selected and divided into two equal groups. Group A received 50 mg of tramadol orally and Group B received 10 mg of ketorolac orally. In both groups dose was repeated for next 24 hrs. Visual analogue scale was used for the collection of pain intensity from the patients. RESULTS: The results revealed, in Group A, the analgesia started within 1 hour and reached the maximum analgesic effect in 4 hours, pain intensity was 1.8 out of 10, on visual analog scale. In Group B, analgesia started within 1hour and showed it's maximum analgesic effect. The pain intensity was 2.5 on visual analog scale. The analgesic effect of 50 mg tramadol lasted up to 6 hours and that of ketorolac lasted for 5 hour. CONCLUSION: The study shows that 50mg tramadol is a suitable and safe analgesic for the relief of post-extraction pain and is more effective than 10mg ketorolac with prolonged analgesia and minimal side effects, we recommend studies with randomized clinical trials with larger sample size are needed it in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Orofacial clefts are the most prevalent craniofacial birth defects and these malformations transform an infant with severe functional and esthetic handicaps. Cleft lip and palate is a common malformation that occurs in about 2 in 1000 live births. The cleft can vary from a hardly visible furrow in the palate or on one side of the lip to bilateral complete clefts of the lip, alveolus and palate. Clefts of the lip, alveolus and palate are highly complicated malformations. The problems associated such as speech, function, esthetic, and socio-psychological and more precisely deleterious effect on the growth and development of teeth, alveolus and jaws. A specialized corrective surgery is mandatory and indicated in early months of life to achieve the best outcome to improve the function and appearance. We are presenting a case of unilateral incomplete cleft lip with primary repair in a 4months and 20days baby boy.
ABSTRACT
Sildenafil (Viagra) has been developed as a drug to treat male impotence. It has also been used to reduce symptoms (e.g. improved exercise capacity) in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. A case of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) following the illicit use of sildenafil is reported.