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Objective@#To understand knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education and its associated factors among junior high school teachers in six provinces in China, in order to provide a scientific basis for teacher training.@*Methods@#From June to December 2021, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 016 junior high school teachers from Beijing, Chongqing, Liaoning, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangdong provinces. A structured questionnaire was used to investigate teachers knowledge of comprehenswe sexuality education. Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the related influencing factors of the knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education among junior high school teachers.@*Results@#The study showed that the knowledge rate of comprehensive sexuality education among middle school teachers was 58.1%, and the knowledge rate was higher in teachers who had conducted sexuality education to students( χ 2=9.42, P <0.01). The percentage of the correct answer on the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases(26.0%), the impact of inequality on love relationships( 33.6 %), and the impact of mass media on sexual cognition(68.8%) was the lowest. Regardless of whether they had implemented sexuality education for students, the knowledge and awareness rate of sexual knowledge among biology teachers, school doctors/health teachers and mental health teachers was higher( OR=2.32, 4.17, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Knowledge of comprehensive sexuality education among middle school teachers still needs to be improved. It is advisable to strengthen the training of comprehensive sexuality education for middle school teachers and focus on teachers of subjects related to comprehensive sexuality education.
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Objective: To develop a predictive model for pathologic complete response (pCR) of ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph nodes (ISLN) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and guide the local treatment. Methods: Two hundred and eleven consecutive breast cancer patients with first diagnosis of ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis who underwent ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node dissection and treated in the Breast Department of Henan Cancer Hospital from September 2012 to May 2019 were included. One hundred and forty two cases were divided into the training set while other 69 cases into the validation set. The factors affecting ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node pCR (ispCR)of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and a nomogram prediction model of ispCR was established. Internal and external validation evaluation of the nomogram prediction model were conducted by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and plotting calibration curves. Results: Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that Ki-67 index, number of axillary lymph node metastases, breast pCR, axillary pCR, and ISLN size after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were associated with ispCR of breast cancerafter neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of axillary lymph node metastases (OR=5.035, 95%CI: 1.722-14.721, P=0.003), breast pCR (OR=4.662, 95%CI: 1.456-14.922, P=0.010) and ISLN size after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (OR=4.231, 95%CI: 1.194-14.985, P=0.025) were independent predictors of ispCR of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A nomogram prediction model of ispCR of breast cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was constructed using five factors: number of axillary lymph node metastases, Ki-67 index, breast pCR, axillary pCR and size of ISLN after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The areas under the ROC curve for the nomogram prediction model in the training and validation sets were 0.855 and 0.838, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.755). The 3-year disease-free survival rates of patients in the ispCR and non-ispCR groups after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were 64.3% and 54.8%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P=0.024), the 3-year overall survival rates were 83.8% and 70.2%, respectively, without statistically significant difference (P=0.087). Conclusions: Disease free survival is significantly improved in breast cancer patients with ispCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The constructed nomogram prediction model of ispCR of breast cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is well fitted. Application of this prediction model can assist the development of local management strategies for the ipsilateral supraclavicular region after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and predict the long-term prognosis of breast cancer patients.
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Female , Humans , Axilla/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Lymph Node Excision , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis/pathology , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Nomograms , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Circular RNAs (circRNAs),a kind of novel non-coding RNAs, have been shown to play animportant role in cellular redox reactions. In the previous study, we found that hsa_circ_0087354 wasclosely related to the cellular redox state by real-time PCR. After overexpression of hsa_circ_0087354, the relative expression of ROS1 were decreased significantly (P < 0. 01), while the levels of SOD1 wereincreased significantly (P < 0. 05) . The activities of SOD and Gpx as well as GSH concentration weresignificantly increased (P < 0. 01), and cell proliferation was promoted in cells (P < 0. 05) . Bioinformatics analysis predicted that there were binding sites between hsa-miR-199-3p and hsa_circ_0087354 as well as solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), which might have a targetedregulatory relationship. Dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed the targeted regulatory relationshipbetween hsa-miR-199-3p with hsa_circ_0087354, and SLC7A11. Overexpressed hsa_circ_0087354 plasmid and ctrl plasmid were constructed, hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-199b-3p and hsa-miR-NC mimicswere synthesized. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the relative expression of hsa-miR-199-3p was observably decreased (P < 0.01), while the relative expression of SLC7A11 in cells was dramaticallyincreased after transfection of has_circ_0087354 plasmid (P < 0.05) . After transfection with hsa-miR-199-3p, the relative expressions of SLC7A11 were markedly decreased (P < 0.001) . The activities ofSOD and Gpx, GSH concentration (P<0.01), and cell proliferation rate (P < 0.05) were significantlyreduced. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0087354 could enhance the expression of SLC7A11, promote theproliferation of cells and reduce the oxidative stress by adsorption of hsa-miR-199-3p.
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BACKGROUND@#Breast cancer patients with ipsilateral supraclavicular lymph node metastasis (ISLNM) but without distant metastasis are considered to have a poor prognosis. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of breast cancer patients with ISLNM but without distant metastasis.@*METHODS@#Medical records of breast cancer patients who received surgical treatment at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Jiyuan People's Hospital and Huaxian People's Hospital between December 21, 2012 and June 30, 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Overall, 345 patients with pathologically confirmed ISLNM and without evidence of distant metastasis were identified. They were further randomized 2:1 and divided into training (n = 231) and validation (n = 114) cohorts. A nomogram to predict the probability of OS was constructed based on clinicopathologic variables identified by the univariable and multivariable analyses. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were measured by calibration plots, concordance index (C-index), and risk group stratification.@*RESULTS@#Univariable analysis showed that estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), progesterone receptor-positive (PR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) with Herceptin treatment, and a low axillary lymph node ratio (ALNR) were prognostic factors for better OS. PR+, HER2+ with Herceptin treatment, and a low ALNR remained independent prognostic factors for better OS on multivariable analysis. These variables were incorporated into a nomogram to predict the 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS of breast cancer patients with ISLNM. The C-indexes of the nomogram were 0.737 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.660-0.813) and 0.759 (95% CI: 0.636-0.881) for the training and the validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration plots presented excellent agreement between the nomogram prediction and actual observation for 3 and 5 years, but not 1 year, OS in both the cohorts. The nomogram was also able to stratify patients into different risk groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In this study, we established and validated a novel nomogram for predicting survival of patients with ISLNM. This nomogram may, to some extent, allow clinicians to more accurately estimate prognosis and to make personalized therapeutic decisions for individual patients with ISLNM.
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Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Lymph Nodes , Lymphatic Metastasis , Nomograms , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the most useful ultrasound (US) features associated with definite neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and their prognostic values, particularly the calculated markers combined with important features. METHODS: A total of 213 suspected NEC cases were collected from the neonatal department of our hospital from January 2015 to August 2017. Each infant received both X-ray and US examinations. RESULTS: No differences were found in sex composition and delivery modes between groups. NEC-positive neonates had poorer prognosis compared to negative ones. The NEC group showed a higher frequency of abnormal signals. US showed higher NEC-related frequencies in different parameters. A variable (named predictor in US [PUS]) with five features was constructed. For NEC diagnosis, this variable provided a much higher area under the curve Q2 (AUC) (0.965) than other parameters. In this model, PUS had a cutoff value of 0.376 with a 0.900 sensitivity and 0.922 specificity. In prognosis, the closest factors were selected to draw a receiver operating characteristic curve, as well as a novel calculated variable US prognostic (USPro) marker. USPro had a much higher AUC (0.86) than other single features and showed a cutoff value of 0.18145, with 0.75 sensitivity and 0.84 specificity. This variable had a weaker power in prognosis when compared with PUS in diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: The application of abdominal color Doppler US can provide high accuracy and sensitivity in NEC diagnosis and also contribute to its prognosis, without induction of radiation. Suspected neonates should be examined using this technique as early as possible.
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Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Enterocolitis, Necrotizing/diagnostic imaging , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Prognosis , ROC Curve , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of Chaihu Longgu Mulitang on intestinal microflora diversity of schizophrenic model rats, and further reveal its therapeutic characteristics and mechanisms based on the 16S rRNA technique. Method:Except the normal group, male SD rats were intraperitoneally injected dizocilpine maleate with daily dose of 0.1 mg·kg-1.After the success of the model, Chaihu Longgu Mulitang high, middle and low dose groups were converted into the human clinical upper limit daily, and the experimental rats were given Chaihu Longgu Mulitang with doses of 11.2, 5.6, 2.8 g·kg-1, respectively. And the positive drug group was treated with 0.4 mg·kg-1 of risperidone tablets.The normal group and model group was treated with water.The rats were continuous administrated 14 days with dosing volume of 10 mL·kg-1, the contents in caecum of rats were taken after anesthesia.Illumina MiSeq was used as the sequencing platform, the number of operational taxonomic units(OTUs), richness and diversity indexes, diversity of alpha and beta, differential phylum and genus of intestinal flora in V4 zone of 16S rRNA were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated. Result:Chaihu Longgu Mulitang could improve the number of OTUs, richness and diversity indexes of intestinal flora, imbalance of alpha and beta diversity of schizophrenic model rats.And this formula had a callback effect on 5 differential phyla of bacteria(Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and TM7) and 20 genera of bacteria in schizophrenic model rats. Conclusion:Chaihu Longgu Mulitang plays an therapeutic effect on diversity of abnormal microflora in schizophrenic model rats, and this paper reveals the pathological mechanism of intestinal microflora in the state of schizophrenia by 16S rRNA technique.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on GDC-0152-induced apoptosis and autophagy of acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line NB4.@*METHODS@#Different concentrations of GDC-0152 combined with Z-VAD-FMK was applied to NB4 cells. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 method. Apoptosis rate, autophagy and ROS level were detected by flow cytometry. The autophagy was observed by Cyto-ID staining fluorescence microscopy, and flow cytometry were used to detect the fluorescence expression. The expression of autophagy-related protein LC3B was detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#GDC-0152 increased proliferation inhibition rate and apoptosis rate in NB4 cells (P＜0.05); GDC-0152 induced increase of ROS level of NB4 cells; GDC-0152 increased autophagy of NB4 cells that was found by Cyto-ID staining fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry (P＜0.05). Western blot showed that GDC-0152 increased LC3B expression in NB4 cells and promoted the conversion of LC3BI to LC3BII; as compared with GDC-0152 (100 ng/ml), GDC-0152 (100 ng/ml) combined with ROS inhibitor YCG063 (10 μmol/L) decreased apoptosis and autophagy (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#GDC-0152 inhibits cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis and autophagy of NB4 cells. ROS can promote GDC-0152-induced apoptosis and autophagy of NB4 cells.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Autophagy , Cell Line, Tumor , Cyclohexanes , Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute , Pyrroles , Reactive Oxygen SpeciesABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the association between maternal food group intakes during pregnancy and the risk of infantile eczema in a Chinese population. Methods A prospective birth cohort study was conducted and 523 women were recruited at 20-28 weeks of pregnancy in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2018. A validated 81-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess maternal dietary intakes during the past month. Food items were divided into ten food groups according to the Chinese Dietary Guidelines. Offspring were followed up at 6 months by the symptom questionnaire of eczema. Multivariate Logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate the association between maternal food group intakes during pregnancy and the risk of infantile eczema. Results The cumulative incidence of eczema at 6 months was 51.8%. Maternal consumption of poultry was higher in the eczema group (27.62±25.20 g/d) than the control group (22.03±22.63 g/d, P=0.022). Comparing to the lowest quantile (Q1), higher maternal intake of poultry (Q4) and fish (Q3) were significantly associated with an increased risk of infantile eczema (OR=2.71, 95% CI=1.24-4.81; OR=2.38, 95% CI=1.23-4.59, respectively) after multivariate adjustment. Conclusion Higher intakes of poultry or fish during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of infantile eczema in Chinese population.
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Son of sevenless homolog 1 (SOS1) protein is a ubiquitously expressed adapter. As a key protein in intracellular signaling, SOS1 plays an important role in many signal transduction pathways, such as Ras and Rac signaling pathways. The abnormal expression or mutation of SOS1 is closely related to clinical diseases. In this article, we review research progress on SOS1 functions and its roles in physiology and pathophysiology.
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Objective The histological grade of breast cancer is closely related with the treatment and prognosis of the malignancy, and radiomics plays a valuable role in the identification of its grade. This article aimed to investigate the values of the conventional parameters of breast MRI and breast MRI-based imaging features in the histological grading of breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC).Methods This retrospective study included 71 cases of breast cancer treated in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2016. We obtained the traditional quantitative parameters of MRI, including the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and initial enhancement rate (IER), performed manual segmentation of the ADC and DCE maps, extracted the radiomic features and analyzed the differences in the radiomic signatures between low- and high-grade IDC. Using logistic regression analysis, we assessed the values of ADC and IER and the radiomic signatures of the ADC and DCE images in differentiating low-grade from high-grade IDC.Results The values of ADC, B_sum_variance, L_SRE and R_RP were significantly lower (P0.05). In differentiating high-grade from low-grade IDC, the ADC image-based radiomic signature model achieved a significantly higher AUC (0.858 [0.774-0.924]) than the ADC (0.709 [0.588-0.830]) and DCE model (0.691 [0.565-0.818]), and the former also manifested markedly higher accuracy, specificity, and rates of positive and negative prediction than the latter two.Conclusion ADC- and MRI-based radiomic features play a valuable role in differentiating high-grade from low-grade IDC, particularly the former, which could provide even more clinical information, while IER is of little value in this aspect.
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The aim of this paper was to investigate the flavonoids of callus of transgenic and non-transgenic Saussurea involucrate and its antitumor activity on the esophageal cancer CaEs-17 cells. The species and content of mono-phenols were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The growth of human esophageal cancer CaEs-17 cells was detected using CCK-8 assay, apoptosis morphology observation and flow cytometry. Expression of related apoptotic genes Bax and Bcl-2 were determined by qPCR. The results showed that the content of total flavonoids in the transgenic callus was 2.72 times that of the non-transgenic callus. The cyanidin-galactoside was detected in the transgenic callus, but not in the non-transgenic callus. The inhibitory effect of the extracts from the transgenic callus on CaEs-17 cells was more significant than that of the non-transgenic callus, and the IC₅₀ value had a decreased of 26.4%. Flow cytometry analysis results showed that the apoptosis induction effect of the extracts from the transgenic callus on CaEs-17 cells was significantly better than that of the non-transgenic callus. Fluorescence quantitative PCR analysis results showed that the extracts from the transgenic callus could up-regulate the expression of proapoptotic gene Bax and down-regulate the expression of apoptotic gene Bcl-2, and the regulation effect of the transgenic callus was more significant. Therefore, compared with the non-transgenic callus, the antitumor activity of the extracts from the callus of transgenic S. involucrate on the esophageal cancer CaEs-17 cells was significantly increased, which was closely related to the accumulation of cyanidin-galactoside and its metabolism-related flavonoid compounds in the transgenic callus.
Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Flavonoids , Phenols , Plant Extracts , SaussureaABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the diagnostic value of mammography, computed tomography (CT), and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for axillary lymph node staging in breast cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From February, 2014 to October, 2015, 109 women with breast cancer received examinations with preoperative mamography, CT, and DCE-MRI. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the 3 modalities were evaluated using histopathologic assessments as the gold standard.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In total, 39.4% (43/109) of the patients had axillary lymph node metastasis. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of mamography for determining lymph node metastasis were 14.0%, 84.8%, 56.9%, 37.5% and 60.0%, respectively; those of CT were 93.0%, 57.6%, 71.6%,58.8% and 92.7%, and those of DCE-MRI were 95.3%, 65.2%, 77.1%, 64.1% and 95.6%, respectively. Compared with the histopathologic result, the Kappa coefficients of mamography, CT, and DCE-MRI were -0.13, 0.459 and 0.558, respectively. The specificity of mamography was significantly higher (P<0.05), but its sensitivity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were significantly lower than those of CT and DCE-MRI (P<0.05). Compared with CT, DCE-MRI had significantly higher sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for diagnosis of lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DCE-MRI has a greater diagnostic power than CT and mammography, and CT has a greater diagnostic power than mammography for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. Mamography alone should be used cautiously for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Axilla , Breast Neoplasms , Pathology , Lymph Nodes , Lymphatic Metastasis , Diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mammography , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the application value of contrast -enhanced ultrasound ( CEUS) and analysis software for intra-ocular tumor diagnosis. METHODS:Retrospective analysis for 90 cases (90 eyes) with intra- ocular tumor with CEUS examination, and all cases were confirmed by pathology after surgery or clinical comprehensive diagnosis and follow-up. RESULTS: Choroidal hemangioma, choroidal melanoma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma had obvious different CEUS enhancement pattern, quantitative analysis indexes of those tumors by imaging analysis software were significantly different (PCONCLUSION: The CEUS can provide quantitative analysis for intra - ocular tumor with preferable clinical application value.
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The study on the effective core formulae (CEF) not only summarized traditional chinese medicine (TCM) treatment experience, but also helped reveal the underlying knowledge in the formulation of TCM prescriptions. The aim of the present paper was to investigate the method of data mining for the discovery of core effective formulae for lung cancer. In the present study, a prescription fingerprint approach was used to characterize the staged prescription information of patients. The D index was used to screen potential beneficial herbs. Then, based on a herbal compatibility network, the maximal clique searching algorithm (BK algorithm) and survival analysis were applied to discover CEF for lung cancer, and a mining analysis was made for the 322 cases from Longhua hospital. The correlation between prescriptions and survival time was analyzed by prescription fingerprints. Forty-three potentially beneficial herbs were obtained, and two CEFs were significant for the survival time by a parametric survival model based on lognormal distribution, the results were verified by a multivariate survival model. The rules of combination of the two CEFs basically conform to TCM onco-therapeutic theory of strengthening the body resistance and the actual conditions in clinic. All results showed that the established approach was feasible for discovering the core effective formulae for lung cancer and mining survival data for complex TCM onco-therapy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Data Mining , Drug Prescriptions , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Therapeutic Uses , Lung Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Mortality , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
Objective To learn the prevalence of overweight and obesity among city residents in Wenzhou city.Methods Byusing multistage stratified cluster sampling method,a total of 10 449 residents aged 18 years and above were selected forquestionnaires interview,physical examination and laboratory testing ,analyzed the prevalence and risk factors of overweightand obesity among city residents.Results The crude prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 32.60% and7.70%,and the age -adjusted rate were 27.50% and 6.51%.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR =1.01,95%CI:1.01 -1.02)and drinking (OR =1.14,95%CI:1.02 -1.27)were risk factors of overweight andobesity,while high degree of education(OR =0.87,95%CI:0.84 -0.91)and active physical exercise (OR =0.75,95%CI:0.57 -0.98)were protective factors of overweight and obesity.The prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia were much higher among adults with overweight and obesity,compared with that of normalweight adults (P <0.01).Conclusion Prevalence of overweight and obesity is high in Wenzhou City.Intervention shouldbe actively carried out for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity.
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Infection with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) frequently causes chronic viral hepatitis, a major risk factor for the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma or primary liver cancer. The origin of the HCV remains obscure because no closely related animal virus homolog has been identified. Also, efforts to understand the pathogenesis of the HCV have been hampered by the absence of small animal models for this human disease. Since 2011, with application of new sequencing technologies, various non-primate HCV homologs have been identified that will play an important part in understanding the origin and evolution of HCV, as well as establishment of related animal models.
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Animals , Humans , Disease Models, Animal , Hepacivirus , Genetics , Hepatitis C , VirologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To establish a HPLC method for the detection of related substances of allergy and congestion relief. METHODS: An Ultimate C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) was used. Gradient elution was used to determine the related substances of ibuprofen with phosphoric acid solution (pH 2.5) as mobile phase A and acetonitrile as mobile phase B. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1 and the detection wavelength was set at 214 nm. As for the related substances of phenylephrine and chlorphenamine, gradient elution was used with acetonitrile -0.1% octanesulfonic acid sodium (pH was adjusted to 3.0 with phosphoric acid) (20:80) as mobile phase A and acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (1.15% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1% octanesulfonic acid sodium, pH adjusted to 3.0 with phosphoric acid) (60:40)as mobile phase B. The flow rate was 1.5 mL·min-1, and the detection wavelength was set at 215 nm. RESULTS: The related substances were completely separated from the principal components. The detection limits were 50.5, 42.9, 52.5 and 47.4 ng·mL-1 for ibuprofen, ibuprofen's impurity C, phenylephrine, and chlorphenamine, respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is suitable for detection of the related substances in allergy and congestion relief.
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Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multi-functional growth factors,they are found not only inducer of new bone formation,but also have critical roles in cell growth,differentiation,migration,apoptosis,embryogenesis and organogenesis.Studies show that BMPs are closely related to tumorigenesis and metastasis,which have important practical values in tumour therapy.
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In the study, a gene encoding Tat protein N terminal 1- 21 amino acid residues-deleted mutant (Tat22-101) was amplified by PCR from a full length Tat gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and the prokaryotic expression plasmid pET32a-Tat22-101 was constructed. After identification by digestion with endonucleases and sequencing, the recombinant plasmid pET32a-Tat22-101 was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3) and expressed with IPTG induction. The mutant fusion protein with deleted Tat N terminal was purified by an affinity chromatography column Ni(2+)-NTA and subsequently identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The results showed that the molecular weight of the mutant protein was approximately 26.9kD. Furthermore, BALB/c mice were immunized with the mutant protein and the anti-sera were collected. ELISA results showed that the mutant protein preserved its immunogenicity, particularly it could improve the production of antibodies to other epitopes in addition to the N terminal epitope of Tat protein, which might provide some valuable information for the study of Tat functions as well as for development of potential novel HIV Tat vaccine.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Gene Products, tat , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , HIV-1 , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Mutant Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and Immunology , Recombinant Fusion Proteins , Genetics , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) combined with GnRH analogue (GnRH-a) in the treatment of adenomyosis with uterine body enlargement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twelve women (mane age 40.3 years) with adenomyosis and uterine cavity depth over 11 cm received injections of GnRH-a every 4 weeks, and after the uterine cavity depth was reduced to below 10 cm, LNG-IUS was deployed. VAS pain score, PBAC bleeding score, uterine volume, and hemoglobin levels of the women were measured before the treatment and at 6 and 12 months after LNG-IUS placement.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The VAS pain score was significantly lowered at 6 and 12 month after LNG-IUS placement (P<0.05), and the PBAC bleeding score also showed significant reductions (P<0.05). The uterine volume decreased significantly at 6 and 12 months after LNG-IUS placement as compared with that before the treatment, but was significantly greater at 6 month in comparison with that at the time of LNG-IUS placement (P<0.05). Serum hemoglobin levels underwent significant increments after LNG-IUS placement (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LNG-IUS combined with GnRH analogue injection can be effective in the treatment of adenomyosis with dysmenorrhea and hypermenorrhea.</p>