Effect of piglitazone and metformin on retinol-binding protein-4 and adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with non-alcohol fatty acid liver diseases / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the effects of piglitazone and metformin on retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4) and adiponcetin (APN) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with Non alcohol fatty acid liver disease (NAFLD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 60 T2DM patients complicated with NAFLD were equally and randomly divided into pioglitazone group and metform group. The levels of biochemical indicators including body mass index (BMI), glucose hemoglobin A1C (GHbA1C), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FIns), and serum triglycerides (TG) as well as serum RBP-4 and APN level were measured pre-treatment and 12 weeks after treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 weeks of treaments, BMI, FBG, HOMA-IR, GHbA1C, FIns, and TG decreased (all P<0.05) in both piglitazone group and metform group. APN increased (all P<0.05) in both groups. RBP-4 decreased (P<0.05) in piglitazone group. Compare with the metform group, the levels of RBP-4, FIns ,and HOMA-IR decreased and BMI increased in piglitazone group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Piglitazone is superior to metoform in decreasing RBP-4 level and HOMA-IR in patients with T2DM complicated with NAFLD.</p>

Generation of transgene-free induced pluripotent stem cells with non-viral methods / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells were originally generated from mouse fibroblasts by enforced expression of Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc). The technique was quickly reproduced with human fibroblasts or mesenchymal stem cells. Although having been showed therapeutic potential in animal models of sickle cell anemia and Parkinson's disease, iPS cells generated by viral methods do not suit all the clinical applications. Various non-viral methods have appeared in recent years for application of iPS cells in cell transplantation therapy. These methods mainly include DNA vector-based approaches, transfection of mRNA, and transduction of reprogramming proteins. This review summarized these non-viral methods and compare the advantages, disadvantages, efficiency, and safety of these methods.

Correlation of T lymphocyte subsets with blood glucose level and the first-phase insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the T cell subsets and glucose level and first-phase insulin secretion function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We determined the oral glucose tolerance (OGTT), insulin release test(IRT), body mass index(BMI), glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), T lymphocyte subsets (CD4(+),CD8(+)), and activity of natural kill(NK) cell and ⊿I(30)/⊿G(30) in 78 newly diagnosed T2DM patients, 60 impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) patients, and 60 normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DM and IGT patients had significantly lower levels of CD4(+), CD4(+)/CD8(+)ratio, activity of NK cell, and ⊿I(30)/⊿G(30) and significantly higher levels of HbA1c and CD8(+)compared with normal controls(all P<0.05). Patients in DM group had significantly lower level of CD4(+),⊿I(30)/⊿G(30) and significantly higher levels of FBG and HbA1c compared with IGT group. There was no significant difference in terms of CD8(+), CD4(+)/CD8(+)ratio, and activity of NK cell between IGT and DM groups, whereas CD4(+) T cells were negatively correlated with FBG and HbA1c and positively with ⊿I(30)/⊿G(30) . Multiple regression stepwise analysis showed that CD4(+) was independently associated with HbA1c and ⊿I(30)/⊿G(30).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>T2DM patients tends to have disorders in cellular immunity, which is correlated with blood glucose level and the insulin secretion function.</p>

The epidemiological study of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and related factors among automobile assembly workers / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the work-related musculoskeletal disorders among automobile assembly workers, to discusses the related risk factors and their relationship.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The selected 1508 automobile assembly workers from a north car manufacturing company were regarded as the study object. The hazard zone jobs checklist, Nordic musculoskeletal symptom questionnaire (NMQ) and pain questionnaire were used to perform the epidemiological cross-sectional and retrospective survey and study for the General status, awkward ergonomics factors and related influencing factors, and musculoskeletal disorders of workers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The predominant body sites of occurring WMSDs among automobile assembly workers were mainly low back, wrist, neck and shoulders, the predominant workshop section of occurring WMSDs were mostly concentrated in engine compartment, interior ornament, door cover, chassis and debugging section. The predominant body site of WMSDs among engine compartment and chassis section workers was low back, interior ornament workers were low back and wrist, door cover workers was wrist, chassis workers was low back, debugging workers were neck and low back. Neck musculoskeletal disorders had the trend with the increase of a body height; Smoking may increase the occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The WMSDs appears to be a serious ergonomic proble assem among automobile assembly workers, predominant occurring site of WMSDs is with different workshop section, its characteristics is quite obvious, probably related to its existing awkward work position or activities. The worker height and smoking habits may be important factors which affect musculoskeletal disorders happen.</p>

The effects of Shuxuetong on the pathology of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and GABA and TNF-alpha expression in gerbil models / 神经科学通报·英文版

Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of Shuxuetong on gerbil brain tissue from the area of ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion animal model has made by transient clipping bilateral common carotid arteries in gerbils. Pathological changes in the hippocampal tissue were observed at different reperfusion time (12h, 3 d, 7 d). The expression levels of GABA and TNF-alpha in the hippocampal CA1 subfield were observed using immunohistochemitry at 12 h, 3 d after reperfusion. The difference of above indices among false operation group, ischemia-reperfusion group and treatment group were compared. Results The injuries of pathology to hippocampal area in ischemia reperfusion group were more serious than treatment group. The expression levels of GABA in treatment group were significantly increased compared with ischemia-reperfusion group, but the expression levels of TNF-alpha between the two groups have no difference. Conclusion Shuxuetong has protective effect on brain tissue of ischemia-reperfusion by enhancing the expression of GABA in the hippocampal tissue.