ABSTRACT
Background and aims: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase of CTX-M-type is considered as an important mechanism resistant to cephalosporin in the gram-negative patogene and is wildly growing. Enterobacteriaceae species are able to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases [ESBLs]. The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of CTX-M genes in ESBLs producing enteric bacteria isolated in Shahrekord educational hospitals using Polymerase Chain Reaction method
Methods: In this analytical-descriptive study, antibacterial susceptibility patterns of 325 gram negative bacteria to Cefotaxim, Ceftazidim, Cefterixon and Azteronam tested using disk diffusion [Kirby-Buer] method. In addition, confirmatory tests for detecting ESBLs phenotypes were performed using Ceftazidim-clavulanic acid and Cefotaxim- clavulanic acid combination disks [MAST]. The presence of CTX-M gene was assessed using PCR
Results: Bacteria strains isolated in this study were Escherichia coli [59.4%], Klebsiella pneumoniae [30.4%], Enterobacter spp. [15.4%] and Proteus spp. [2.2%]. Confirmatory phenotypic test showed that 28% of the strains were ESBL positive. The prevalence of CTX-M gene in isolated Enterobacteriaceae was 50.5 %
Conclusion: High frequency of CTX-M gene in ESBL producing isolates indicates that this enzyme plays an important role in resistance to betalactam containing antibiotics
ABSTRACT
Sarcosystosis is a cosmopolitan protozoan zoonotic infection and is caused by different species of sarcosystis. This parasite can cause contamination in many animals and cause a lot of hygienic and economic effects in society. This study was aimed to determine sarcosystis infection in slaughtered animals of Shahrekord, using hitopathological method. In this descriptive study, 70 samples were obtained from healthy goats and 70 samples were obtained from healthy sheep during summer 2008 Esophagus, thigh, diaphragm and heart of each animal were macroscopically evaluated for having sarcosystis cysts. To prepare a pathology section for microscopic examinations, hearts were kept in formalin and after providing tissue sections, samples were studied using a microscope. Data were analyzed by SPSS software. In macroscopic evaluations of diaphragm of the sheep and goats, sarcosystis cysts were detected 15.7% and 2.8%, respectively. In addition, 7.1% and 1.4% of esophagus from sheep and goats were also infected by sarcosystis, respectively. We also performed microscopic investigations on healthy hearts and found that 80% of sheep's hearts and 70% of goats' hearts were infected by sarcocystis cysts. Considering the high prevalence of sarcocystis contamination in the world and Iran [up to 100%], more studies are needed to detect sensitivity andspecificity of histhopathology method to confirm our findings. Finally looking at the our results it is likely that in healthy hearts some comments should be considered, such as appropriate meat keeping, sufficient cooking, and moving from traditional animal husbandry into industrial husbandry in future