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2.
Acta amaz ; 49(1): 11-16, jan. - mar. 2019.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1119177

ABSTRACT

Pirarucu is one of the main fish species for the development of aquaculture in the Amazon. In this study, the optimal feeding frequency for juvenile pirarucu was assessed based on growth and feed efficiency. Juvenile pirarucu weighing ca. 80 g were fed once, twice, three or four times daily until apparent satiation for 63 days. Fish fed three or four times per day presented higher growth, feed intake, and fat body content than those fed once or twice per day. There was no significant difference for feed conversion ratio, and protein and energy retention rates among treatments, suggesting that increased feeding frequency did not affect feed utilization efficiency. Mean feed intake per meal was higher when fish were fed once per day, possibly causing hyperphagic behavior. Results suggest that feeding three times per day was sufficient to secure adequate feeding and growth of juvenile pirarucu. (AU)


Subject(s)
Amazonian Ecosystem , Diet , Eating , Fishes
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(3): 950-957, Sept. 2017. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893079

ABSTRACT

The present study describes the morphology and histology of the digestive tract of juvenile pirarucu, which is a Neotropical fish species with great potential for aquaculture in the Amazon region. Three size classes of pirarucu juveniles from commercial fish farms were sampled for histological examination of the oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine and liver. The morphological and histological features of the pirarucu digestive tract are similar to other carnivorous teleosts and enable the species to ingest, store and digest large food items. Acidic and neutral mucins are secreted by the mucosa of the oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca and intestine to protect the mucosal epithelium and to lubricate and facilitate food passage along the digestive tract. Complex transverse folds are predominant in the intestinal mucosa and most likely contribute to optimization of the digestion and nutrient absorption processes, thereby offsetting the relatively short length of the intestine. The exocrine pancreas appears diffuse in the liver and mesentery around the pyloric region of the stomach, pyloric caeca and initial part of the intestine. The digestive tract morphology and thickness become increasingly developed with the size of pirarucu.


El presente trabajo describe la morfología e histología del tracto digestivo de una especie juvenil de paiche, un pez neotropical con gran potencial acuícola en la region Amazónica. Se tomaron muestras de tres clases de tamaño de juveniles de paiche de granjas acuícolas comerciales para examen histológico del esófago, estómago, ciego pilórico, intestino e hígado. El tracto digestivo del paiche tiene características morfológicas e histológicas comunes a otros teleósteos carnívoros que permiten a la especie la ingestión, el almacenamiento y la digestión de grandes alimentos. Mucinas ácidas y neutras son secretadas por la capa mucosa del esófago, estómago, ciego pilórico e intestino para proteger el epitelio de esta capa, además de lubricar y facilitar el paso de los alimentos a lo largo del tracto. Pliegues complejos y de orientación transversal son predominantes en la mucosa intestinal, contribuyendo, probablemente, a la optimización de los procesos de digestión y absorción de nutrientes, y compensando la longitud relativamente corta del intestino. El páncreas exócrino se encuentra difuso dentro del hígado y en el mesenterio alrededor de la región pilórica del estómago, ciego pilórico y porción inicial del intestino. La morfología y el espesor del tubo digestorio se desarrollan de forma gradual a medida que el paiche crece.


Subject(s)
Animals , Digestive System/anatomy & histology , Fishes/anatomy & histology
4.
Ciênc. rural ; 46(1): 163-168, jan. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-767003

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT:The aim of this study was to determine the most adequate stocking density for tambatinga during the initial grow-out phase in net pens, considering fish growth, health, and financial aspects. Three stocking densities (400, 500, and 600 fish m-3) were evaluated for 60 days in a completely randomized design (n=4). There were no significant differences among the stocking densities for growth performance parameters, but yield was higher in the density of 600 fish m-3 (3,909.43±397.79kg m-3) compared to 400 fish m-3 (2,656.43±665.45kg m-3). Glucose, hematocrit, and total plasma proteins levels did not differ among treatments. The production was economically feasible for the three stocking densities. However, the density of 600 fish m-3 showed the highest profit. According to the results, 600 fish m-3 is the most adequate density for the initial grow-out phase of tambatinga in net pens.


RESUMO:O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a melhor densidade de estocagem para a tambatinga durante a fase de recria em tanques-rede, considerando o desempenho zootécnico, sanitário e econômico. Foram avaliadas três densidades de estocagem (400, 500 e 600 peixes m-3) durante 60 dias, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso (n=4). Não houve diferença para os índices de desempenho analisados entre as densidades de estocagem avaliadas, com exceção da produtividade, que foi maior para a densidade de 600 peixes m-3 (3909,43±397,79kg m-3) em comparação à densidade de 400 peixes m-3 (2656,43±665,45kg m-3). Glicose plasmática, hematócrito e proteínas plasmáticas não diferiram entre os tratamentos. A produção foi economicamente viável nas três densidades de estocagem avaliadas. No entanto, a densidade de 600 peixes m-3 apresentou maior lucro em comparação às demais. A melhor densidade de estocagem para a recria da tambatinga em tanque-rede é de 600 peixes m-3.

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