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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 55: e0606, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1376359

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background: The school community was heavily impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic, especially with the long time of school closures. This study aimed to analyze the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and possible factors associated with seropositivity for COVID-19 in teachers and other school staff, and to estimate the fraction of asymptomatic individuals by sex and age group. Methods: We conducted a serological survey of SARS-CoV-2 infections. An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Fortaleza, Brazil. Teachers and other staff members from pre-schools to universities of higher education to were investigated. Results: A total of 1,901 professionals participated in the study, of which 1,021 were staff and 880 were teachers. The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was 8.0% (152/1901). In the seropositive group, 48.3% were asymptomatic. There was a predominance of women (68.4%); and, 47.1% of the participants were between 31 and 45 years old. There was an increase in prevalence with increasing age. An inverse relationship was found for education level: more professionals with less education tested positive for COVID-19. The presence of an infected person living in the same household was significantly associated with positive results for COVID-19 among the professionals. Conclusions: This is the first study to report the seroprevalence of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 in Brazilian educational staff after the first wave of the disease. In this study, the seroprevalence was much lower than that in the general population. During school reopening, a small fraction of school workers showed serologically detectable signs of SARS-CoV-2 exposure.

2.
Acta cir. bras ; 34(1): e20190010000009, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-983686

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the contribution of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the first 12 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in the prevention of gallstone formation. Methods: A community-based clinical trial was conducted. A total of 137 patients were included in the study; 69 were treated with UDCA, starting 30 days after the surgery, at a dose of 150 mg twice daily (300 mg/day) over a period of 5 consecutive months (GROUP A), and 68 were control patients (GROUP B). The patients were followed-up, and ultrasonography was performed to determine the presence of gallstones at various times during follow-up. Demographic, anthropometric and comorbid indicators were obtained. The data were subjected to normality tests and evaluated using appropriate tests. Results: Patients did not differ in their baseline characteristics. Of the 69 patients who used UDCA, only one patient developed cholelithiasis (1%), whereas 18 controls (26%) formed gallstones (OR = 24.4, p <0.001). Also, other factors were found not to influence the formation of calculi, such as pre-operative or postoperative hepatic steatosis or diabetes (p = 0.759, 0.468, 0.956). Conclusion: The results demonstrated that patients who did not use UDCA showed a 24.4-fold greater probability of developing cholelithiasis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Ursodeoxycholic Acid/therapeutic use , Obesity, Morbid/surgery , Cholagogues and Choleretics/therapeutic use , Gastric Bypass/adverse effects , Gallstones/prevention & control , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Postoperative Complications/drug therapy , Postoperative Period , Stomach/surgery , Gallstones/etiology , Gallstones/drug therapy , Comorbidity , Anthropometry , Prospective Studies
3.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(1): 24-33, 01/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735711

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of propranolol on capsular architecture around silicone implants by measuring the inflammation, capsular thickness, and collagen fiber density, using a guinea pig experimental model. METHODS: Thirty six adult male guinea pigs randomly divided into two groups (n=18) were used. Each one received a silicone implant with textured-surface. The capsular tissue around implants from untreated or treated animals with the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (10 mg/kg, dissolved in daily water) were analyzed for inflammation by histological scoring, capsular thickness by computerized histometry, and collagen fibers type I and Type III density by picrosirius polarization at different time points (7, 14 or 21 days after silicone implantation). RESULTS: Propranolol treatment reduced inflammation and impaired capsular thickness and delayed collagen maturation around the textured implant. CONCLUSION: Propranolol reduces the risk of developing capsular contracture around silicone implants with textured surface. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs , Humans , Male , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology , Implant Capsular Contracture/prevention & control , Propranolol/pharmacology , Silicone Gels/adverse effects , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Breast Implants/adverse effects , Collagen Type I/analysis , Collagen Type I/drug effects , Collagen Type III/analysis , Collagen Type III/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Implant Capsular Contracture/pathology , Implants, Experimental/adverse effects , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Subcutaneous Tissue/drug effects , Subcutaneous Tissue/pathology , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
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