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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 78(1): 40-51, ene.-mar. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-567784

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: It has been postulated that there is a morphogenetic relation between the atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) type A of Rastelli and the type of two separated orifices, this so called partial forms, existent between both types a spectrum of anatomical forms in which interchordal spaces determinate the ventricular septal defects (VSD) size to forms in which the VSD is closed by fusion of the left septal valves to the crest of ventricular septum. METHODS: We present five patients which illustrates the variability of the atrioventricular defect by means of two dimensional and three-dimensional echocardiography. In each case was made a transesophagic echocardiogram using three-dimensional reconstruction with an Echo-Scan system (4.0 TomTec Gmb version, Munich, Germany). RESULTS: It was observed the following spectrum of atrioventricular defect: one patient had a complete closure of the VSD by the insertion of the left septal valves to the interventricular septal crest. One patient has a partially closed VSD. The last 3 patients had a large VSD with a large shunt and high pulmonary pressure. In those patients in whom the VSD was completely or partially closed, the hemodynamic behavior depended of the interatrial shunt and the regurgitation of the atrioventricular valve. They didn't present pulmonary hypertension, what allowed them to be less symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: The three-dimensional echocardiographic study of the spectrum of AVSD type A of Rastelli, defines accurately the valve components and septal structures, so we can understand the transition between complete and partial forms. This difference determines the clinical evolution of the patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional , Heart Septal Defects/pathology , Heart Septal Defects
2.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 21(1): 23-29, mar. 2005.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-400841

ABSTRACT

Introducción: las compliaciones tromboémbolicas se presentan en 15 por ciento ded los pacientes con cáncer. Los pacientes portadores de tumores primarios o secundarios a nivel del sistema nervioso central (SNC) agregan, a los reconocidos factores de riesgo identificados en los pacientes oncológicos, elementos particulares que los hacen especialmente propensos a esta complicación. El reconocido riesgo que implica la administración de anticoagulantes en pacientes con lesiones en el SNC es frecuentemente sobrevalorado, por lo que suelen indicarse con criterio profiláctico. Por otra parte, una vez producida la complicación trombótica debemos instaurarlos a dosis terapéuticas. Objetivo: valorar los riesgos y beneficios inherentes a la administración de anticoagulantes con criterio profiláctico y terapéutico en pacientes portadores de tumores a nivel deel SNC. Método: se realizaa una revisión de la bibliogrrafía publicada en los últimos 10 años sobre el tema. Conclusiones: la indicación de tratamiento anticoagualnte profiláctico con warfarina a bajas dosis en pacientes ambulatorios portadores ded tumores encefálicos debe basarse en la valoración de riesgo-beneficio individual y la posibilidad de control paraclínico estrecho. En el contexto de una intervención quirúrgica el beneficio de la profilaxis tromboembólica, con heparina fraccionada o de bajo peso molecular, supera el riesgo hemorrágico, con un margen aún mayor en la neurocirugía. Los pacientes que presentan complicaciones tromboembólicas mayores se benefician de la administración de tratamiento anticoagulante con criterio terapéutico siempre que se mantega un estrecho control de las dosis dentro del rango terapéutico.


Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Intracranial Thrombosis , Anticoagulants
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