Effect of USP9X on Akt phosphorylation and platelet function / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the expression of USP9X in platelets and its effect on platelet function. 【Methods】 The expression of USP9X in human and mouse was evaluated by PCR and Western blot. Platelets from young and old mice were separated and prepared, and the expression of USP9X was detected. USP9X inhibitos were used to assess the regulation of USP9X in platelet function, including aggregation, ATP release and spreading. Platelet lysates were collected in different time points to evaluate the change of phosphorylation of Akt in USP9X inhibitors treated platelets. 【Results】 Both human and mouse platelets expressed USP9X. Compared to the young mice, the old mice showed significantly enhanced expression of USP9X(P<0.05). To assess the effect of USP9X on platelet function, USP9X inhibitor was used to pre-incubate platelets for 30 min and platelet function were examined later. Results showed that USP9X inhibitor significantly decreased platelet activation including aggregation, ATP release and spreading(P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the inhibitor treated group showed a significant decrease in the spreading area after 45 minutes. The Western blot results showed a significant decrease in Akt phosphorylation levels of platelets in the USP9X inhibitor treated group. 【Conclusion】 Both human and mouse platelet express USP9X, and inhibition of USP9X decreased platelet function including aggregation, ATP release and spreading. USP9X can also influence the phosphorylation of Akt. The inhibitor of USP9X may become a potential therapeutic target for thrombosis intervention.

Progress in plasma exchange for severe immune-related dermatoses / 中国输血杂志

Plasma exchange (PE) is effective in a part of autoimmune diseases, and its main action mechanisms include removing pathogenic factors from the patient's blood, regulating immune function, replenishing normal plasma components. The use of PE in the treatment of severe immune-related skin diseases, such as pemphigus vulgaris, toxic epidermal necrolysis and clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis, has become more widespread. This review provides an overview of the progress of PE application in severe immune-related skin diseases at home and abroad in recent years to provide new ideas for the treatment of clinical severe skin diseases.

Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase 1/2 Signaling Regulates Cell Invasion:a Review / 中国医学科学院学报

Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is a serine/threoninekinase involved in the signal transduction cascade of Ras-Raf-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK)-ERK.It participates in the cell growth,proliferation and even invasion by regulating gene transcription and expression.The occurrence of a variety of diseases such as lung cancer,liver cancer,ovarian cancer,cervical cancer,endometriosis,and preeclampsia,as well the metastasis and disease progression,is closely associated with the regulation of cell invasion by ERK1/2 signaling pathway.Therefore,exploring the regulation of ERK1/2 signaling on cell invasion and its role in pathogenesis of diseases may help to develop more effective treatment schemes.This article introduces recent progress in the regulation of ERK1/2 signaling on cell invasion and the role of such regulation in diseases,with a view to give new insights into the clinical treatment of ERK 1/2-related diseases.

Clinical value of nucleic acid detection for hepatitis B virus screening in hospitalized patients / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To explore clinical value of nucleic acid detection for hepatitis B virus (HBV) screening in hospitalized patients.Methods:This cross-sectional study collected and analyzed plasma samples from patients admitted to 10 domestic medical institutions from July 2021 to December 2021. Serological immunoassay and nucleic acid screening were used to simultaneously detect hepatitis B markers such as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb), hepatitis B e Antigen (HBeAg), hepatitis B e antibody (HBeAb), hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb),and HBV DNA. Statistical analysis was performed on the serology, nucleic acid test results and clinical information of the patients.Results:Of the 8 655 collected samples, HBsAg was positive in 216 (2.50%) samples,HBV DNA was positive in 238 (2.75%) samples ( P>0.05); 210 (2.43%) samples were positive for both HBsAg and HBV DNA, 28 (0.32%) were HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive, 6 cases (0.07%) were HBsAg positive and HBV DNA negative. Conclusion:These results indicate that the HBV DNA testing is equally effective as hepatitis B virus serological detection for hepatitis B virus screening in hospitalized patients.

A multicenter study assessing the efficacy of various preoperative/pre-transfusion screening methods for blood transmitted disease / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:This multi-centre study was conducted to assess the efficacy of various preoperative/pre-transfusion screening methods for blood transmitted disease.Methods:From July 2021 to December 2021, plasma samples of patients admitted to 10 hospitals were collected for screening preoperative/pre-transfusion blood transmitted disease. Nucleic acid detection technology was used to detect hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA, hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)(1+2) RNA, and the results were compared with the immuno-serological methods. χ 2 test and Kappa test were used to analyze the efficacy of these two methods. Results:A total of 8 655 valid specimens were collected from 10 hospitals. There was a statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate of HCV between the two methods ( P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the positive detection rate of HBV and HIV assessed by the two methods ( P>0.05), but the number of positive cases detected by HBV DNA and HIV RNA (218 and 4 cases) was significantly higher than the corresponding serological results (216 and 2 cases). At the same time, there were HBV, HCV and HIV immuno-serological omissions by the immuno-serological methods, among which 28 cases were HBsAg negative and HBV DNA positive, 2 cases were HCV antibody negative and HCV RNA positive, and 2 cases were HIV antigen/antibody negative and HIV RNA positive. In addition, in the 66 samples with inconsistent results from the two detection methods, 83.3% (55/66), 68.2% (45/66), 63.6% (42/66) and 62.1% (41/66) of patients aged was>45 years, tumor, surgery and male, respectively. Conclusions:Compared with immuno-serological tests, nucleic acid tests have the advantage in terms of sensitivity on detecting HBV, HCV and HIV infection and could reduce missed detection. The risk of transmission can be reduced by adding HBV, HCV, and HIV nucleic acid tests to preoperative/pre-transfusion immuno-serological tests screening for patients over 45 years of age and tumor patients.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of nucleic acid screening for hepatitis B and C in hospitalized patients in China / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective:To compare the cost-effectiveness of hospitalized Chinese patients undergoing nucleic acid screening strategies for hepatitis B and hepatitis C, immunological screening strategy, and no screening strategy under different willingness to pay (WTP). The results might aid to decision-making for the optimal strategy.Methods:In this study, nucleic acid screening, immunological screening and no screening were used as screening strategies, and China′s GDP in 2021 (80 976 yuan) was used as the threshold of WTP to construct a Markov model. After introducing parameters related to the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B and C in inpatients, a cohort population of 100 000 inpatients was simulated by TreeAge Pro 2021 software, the total cost, total health effects, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio and average cost-effectiveness ratio of different screening strategies were calculated, and cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were used to assess the impact of parameter uncertainty on the final results.Results:Compared with the non-screening strategy, the incremental total cost of the hepatitis B immunological screening strategy for cohort patients was 11 049 536 yuan, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 24 762 yuan/quality-adjusted life years (QALY), while the total incremental cost of nucleic acid screening was 19 208 059 yuan, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 29 873 yuan/QALY; the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of nucleic acid screening and immunological screening was 45 834 yuan/QALY. Compared with the non-screening strategy, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of hepatitis C immunological screening strategy was 5 731 yuan/QALY, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of nucleic acid screening strategy was 8 722 yuan/QALY, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of nucleic acid screening and immunological screening was 45 591 yuan/QALY. The results of probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed that when the cost of nucleic acid testing exceeded 214.53 yuan, it was not cost-effective to perform hepatitis B nucleic acid screening under the WTP as 1 fold GDP. When the cost of nucleic acid testing exceeded 132.18 yuan, it was not cost-effective to conduct hepatitis C screening under the WTP as 1 fold GDP.Conclusions:Nucleic acid screening strategy can achieve more cost-effectiveness and is worthy of vigorous promotion. Compared with no screening, both the nucleic acid and immunological screening strategies are cost-effective, and hepatitis nucleic acid screening is the optimal strategy for hospitalized patients.

Er，Cr : YSGG laser accelerated dentin mineralization / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To study the effect of Er，Cr : YSGG laser on the mineralization of dentin collagen fiber，accelerate the mineralization process and shorten the mineralization time．@*Methods@#Human health third molarswere selected to remove the teeth of the tooth enamel，degenerate the teeth，leave the dentin collagen fiber web，place the degenerative collagen fiber in the configured re-mineral fluid．Using Er，Cr : YSGG，the teeth before and after the test were used to analyze the surface morphology using SEM scanning electron microscopy，and the EDS X-ray energy spectrum was analyzed by the distribution of calcium phosphorus. @*Results@# Er，Cr : YSGG laser irradiation laser irradiated tooth in the teeth in the teeth，new minerals were generated，which covered the inner wall of the teeth，the calcium phosphorus element was enriched in the inner wall of the teeth．@*Conclusion @#YSGG laser can help dentin collagen fibers mineralized in mineralization fluid，form new minerals．This method can shorten the mineralization time of dentin collagen fibers in mineralization fluid，which is the re-ore.

Do ACR TI-RADS scores demonstrate unique thyroid molecular profiles?

Purpose@#The present study aimed to examine the molecular profiles of cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules stratified by American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) categories and to determine whether certain ultrasonographic features display particular molecular alterations. @*Methods@#A retrospective review was conducted of cases from January 1, 2016 to April 1, 2018. Cases with in-house ultrasonography, fine-needle aspiration Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) diagnoses, molecular testing, and surgery were included. All cases were diagnosed as TBSRTC indeterminate categories. The ultrasound studies were retrospectively reviewed and assigned TI-RADS scores (TR1-TR5) by board-certified radiologists. The final diagnoses were determined based on the surgical resection pathology. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to study whether demographic characteristics, TI-RADS levels, and TBSRTC diagnoses were associated with ThyroSeq molecular results. @*Results@#Eighty-one cases met the inclusion criteria. RAS mutations were the most common alteration across all TI-RADS categories (TR2 2/2; TR3 10/19, TR4 13/44, and TR5 8/16), and did not stratify with any particular TI-RADS category. Only TR4 and TR5 categories displayed more aggressive mutations such as BRAFV600E and TERT. ThyroSeq results were positively correlated with thyroid malignancy when non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) was categorized in the malignant category (odds ratio [OR], 6.859; P<0.01), but not when NIFTP was removed from the malignancy category. Echogenicity scores were found to be negatively correlated with ThyroSeq results in thyroid nodules (OR, 0.162; P<0.01). @*Conclusion@#Higher-risk molecular alterations tended to stratify with the higher TI-RADS categories.

Shanghai expert consensus on remote verification system of blood distribution in medical institutions / 中国输血杂志

In order to solve the difficulties and challenges in the implementation of the original blood distribution and collection regulations caused by the expansion of hospital area, the extension of blood transfer time, the changeability of blood transfer environment, and the strain of personnel due to the increase of workload, as well as to ensure the accuracy of the information throughout blood remote verification and distribution and the safety of clinical blood transfusion, , Shanghai experts related to clinical transfusion and blood management had made a systematic study on the applicable scope and management rules of remote verification of blood distribution and collection, and formulated this Expert Consensus combined with the development status of digital, intelligent and remote communication technologies, so as to provide corresponding guidance for clinical medical institutions in line with the changes in reality.

Risk factors affecting the prognosis of sepsis patients with blood transfusion / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the factors affecting the prognosis of sepsis patients with blood transfusion, and provide safe and scientific blood transfusion recommendations for them. 【Methods】 The clinical data of 134 sepsis patients in our hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were collected through retrospective analysis, and divided into the blood transfusion group (n=45) and non-transfusion group (n=89) according to whether they received transfusion or not. The basic clinical data and laboratory indicators of two groups were compared. According to the survival outcome and the occurrence of septic shock, patients in the blood transfusion group were subdivided into death group (n=17) and survival group (n=28), shock group (n=12) and non-shock group (n=33). Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors that affect the survival outcome of septic patients after blood transfusion and the occurrence of septic shock. 【Results】 Statistical differences were noticed inblood transfusion group and the non-transfusion group by Hb (71.4±15.7 vs 100.6±21.9) g/L, PCT (13.7±27.2 vs 6.7±18.1) ng/mL, CRP (80.4±81.9 vs 46.6±67.1) mg/mL, APTT (43.4±22.6 vs 33.3±12.8) s, Fib (3.0±1.7 vs 4.0±1.7) g/L, LAC (3.4±4.2 vs 1.9±2.7) mmol/L, length of hospital stay (20.6±18.7 vs 14.1±10.9)d, and survival outcomes (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that red blood cell storage days (OR=0.183) and patient Hb level (OR=0.034) were risk factors that affected the survival outcome of sepsis patients after blood transfusion (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Compared with the non-blood transfusion group, the patients in the blood transfusion group had longer hospital stays, and different survival outcomes. The red blood cell storage days and Hb level of patients were the risk factors affecting the survival outcome of sepsis patients after blood transfusion, and RBCs with shorter storage period were suggested for sepsis patients.

Research progress of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and ocular surface diseases / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS)is a group of diseases which occurred in the upper respiratory tract with transient, recurrent, partial or complete obstruction during night sleep. It can affect the regulation of hemodynamics, endocrine systems and autonomic nerve, and then result in the reduction of body oxygen saturation, chronic hypoxia and hypercapnia. Beside being an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, many studies have shown that it is also associated with ocular surface diseases in OSAHS, such as floppy eyelid syndrome, dry eye, keratoconus, etc., but there is still a lack of perfect systematic analysis. This paper reviews the relationship between OSAHS and relevant ocular surface diseases including pathogenesis,clinical manifestations and treatment progress, in order to reduce the ophthalmic complications of OSAHS patients in clinical diagnosis and treatment,and better improve the quality of life of patients.

The research of PDMS⁃CHXG coating construction and antibacterial properties on abutment surface / 安徽医科大学学报

Objective @#To explore the antibacterial coating of polydimethylsiloxane⁃chlorhexidine gluconate (PDMS⁃CHXG) constructed on the smooth titanium surface and antibacterial properties for Porphyromonas gingivalis of CHXG solution with different concentrations. @*Methods @#The titanium was polished to 7 000 mesh to mirror shape of abutment, cleaned and dried, then treated with alkalization. The samples were randomly divided into 5 groups: blank control group (C), test groups: grafted CHXG concentration of 0 (T0 ), 0. 4 (T1 ), 0. 8 (T2 ), 1. 6 mg/ml (T3 ) . The surface structural changes were observed by cold field emission scanning electron microscope (CFESEM), and the component elements of coating were analyzed semi⁃quantitatively. The antibacterial properties of the coating were evaluated by antibacterial zone, live/dead bacteria staining and crystal violet experiments. @*Results@#A dense film was formed on the surface of titanium under the CFESEM compared with C group. The content of Cl element increased with the increase of CHXG concentration. There was no inhibition zone around the samples in C and T0 groups, but it was found in T1 , T2 and T3 groups. Live/dead bacteria staining showed no viable bacteria in the T2 and T3 groups. The results of crystal violet staining showed that T1 , T2 and T3 groups were statistically different from C and T0 groups, but the difference between the groups T2 and T3 was not statistically significant.@*Conclusion @#The antibacterial coating of PDMS⁃CHXG is constructed successfully. The PDMS⁃CHXG coating displays an exceptional antibacterial property when the concentration of CHXG reaches 0. 8 mg/ml.

Anatomical characteristics and clinical significance of the syndesmosis based on MRI / 解剖学报

Objective To discuss the anatomical characteristics of the syndesmotic ligament based on MRI images, and to provide anatomical basis for clinical syndesmotic ligament injury and ligament reconstruction. Methods Totally 228 cases of MRI data from diseased person enrolled in the Orthopedics and Traumatology Department of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2010 to May 2021 were retrospectively studied. Measurement of corresponding geometrical data of the ligaments in syndesmosis were analysed. Results The average length of the syndesmosis anterior ligament was (9. 75±3. 54) mm, the average width (7. 27±3. 09) mm, and the average thickness (2. 50± 0. 93 ) mm. The angle with the horizontal plane was ( 47. 49 ± 14. 60) ° ; The average length of the posterior syndesmosis ligament of the lower tibia and fibula was (8. 94±2. 43) mm, the average width was (6. 70±2. 80) mm, the average thickness was (2. 32±1. 10) mm, and the angle with the horizontal plane was (40. 84±13. 13)°; the average length of the inferior transverse ligament was (9. 81±3. 21) mm, the average width was (2. 28±1. 51) mm, and the angle with the horizontal plane was 14. 59° ± 8. 02°; the average length of the inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis interosseous ligament was (12. 92±4. 77) mm, and the average width was (3. 28±1.99) mm. The anatomical data of the anterior, posterior, inferior transverse, and interosseous ligaments of the lower tibiofibular syndesmosis, male and female, were compared, and the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion Studying the anatomical structures and characteristics of the syndesmotic ligament and analyzing the effect of the syndesmotic ligament on the stability of the ankle joint can offer effective diagnostic means or suggestions of syndesmosis injuries in the clinically diagnose and treat.

Risk factors and predictive biomarkers of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia in non-small cell lung cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has changed the clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with the widespread application of ICIs, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) have also appeared. Immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is a serious adverse event of ICIs treatment that needs attention. Therefore, early identification of high-risk groups of CIPs and early intervention can reduce the occurrence of permanent drug withdrawal and severe CIPs, thereby improving patients′ prognosis.

Abnormal spinal curvature in primary and secondary school students in Tibet / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To monitor the incidence of spinal curvature abnormalities among primary and secondary school students in Tibet, and to analyze the factors influencing spinal curvature abnormalities among primary and secondary school students in Tibet.@*Methods@#This study was based on the surveillance and intervention of common diseases among students in Tibet in 2019, involving Lhasa, Shigatse, Nagqu, Chamdo, Shannan and Ali regions, using stratified random sampling, with one urban area and one county selected in each prefecture-level city, and a total of 19 023 primary and secondary school students were monitored. The spinal curvature of primary and secondary school students was statistically analyzed, and the influencing factors were analyzed by dichotomous Logistic regression.@*Results@#The number of detected spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students was 223, with a detection rate of 1.17%. From the results of the χ 2 test, the differences in detection rates among students of different districts and gender varied significant ( χ 2=18.01, 8.07, both P <0.01). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that monitoring site, school section, gender, height, desk and chair allocation compliance rate, and average illumination of blackboard surface were associated with spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students ( OR =5.44, 2.17, 2.46, 1.62, 1.02, 0.11, 1.00, all P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Multiple measures should be taken to reduce the occurrence of spinal curvature abnormalities in primary and secondary school students, starting from the influencing factors.

Meta-analysis of comparison of IVB and IVR used for retinopathy of prematurity / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal bevacizumab(IVB)and ranibizumab(IVR)for the treatment of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)by Meta-analysis.<p>METHODS: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, CQVIP, CBM, OVID and Wanfang were systematically searched. All comparative studies of IVB or IVR as treatment for ROP were included. Two independent reviewers performed the date extraction and assessed study quality. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. The retreatment rate was defined as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were prevalence of complete vascularization and myopic(spherical equivalent, SE).<p>RESULTS: Eight non-randomized studies, including a total of 885 eyes were included in this study. Compared with IVB-treated children, IVR-treated children have higher retreatment rate \〖<i>OR</i>=0.55, 95% <i>CI</i>:0.34-0.88, <i>P</i><0.05\〗, less spherical equivalent \〖<i>WMD</i>= -1.44, 95% <i>CI</i>: -2.28 to -0.00, <i>P</i><0.05\〗, and the same percentage of complete vascularization \〖<i>OR</i>=2.15, 95% <i>CI</i>: 0.80-0.576,<i> P</i>>0.05\〗.<p>CONCLUSION: Both IVR and IVB can complete the vasculization of the retina in the treatment of type 1 ROP, but the two treatments have their own advantages. IVR has little effect on the refractive effect in children, but its effect in reducing the retreatment rate is worse than IVB.

Mechanism of platelet activation via NF-κB signaling pathway causing human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell injury / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the role of NF-κB signaling pathway in the process of platelet storage on neutrophil-mediated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell injury, in order to further clarify the mechanism of platelet-mediated transfusion-related acute lung injury. 【Methods】 A co-culture system of human lung microvascular endothelial cells and neutrophils was established. A simple co-culture group and NF-κB inhibitor addition group were set up simultaneously, and then the platelet supernatant stored for 3 and 5 days were added. The expression levels of NF-κB pathway protein IκBα and cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α) were detected, the cell death ratio (the number of dead cells/total number of cells) and the expression level of apoptotic protein Caspase 3 were calculated by Trypan blue staining. 【Results】 In the simple co-culture group with 5-day stored platelet supernatant added, the expression level of NF-κB pathway protein IκBα decreased significantly as the incubation time prolonged (simple co-culture 39 281.48±289.36 vs control 11 267.68±407.27, P0.05)when 5-day stored platelet supernatant was compared with 3-day stored one. The cell death rate(0.27±0.12 vs 3.33±0.31)and the expression level of apoptotic protein Caspase 3(17 821.11±611.55 vs 42 064.42±542.86)showed a significant increase(P0.05)as compared with the controls. Significant difference in the cell death rate of co-culture group with 5-day stored platelet supernatant added was observed as in comparison with the control (0.27±0.12 vs 1.26±0.11, P0.05). No significant difference was noticed in the expression level of apoptotic protein Caspase3(10 502.77±457.55 vs 10 424.16±471.53, P>0.05)when 5-day stored platelet supernatant was compared with 3-day stored one. 【Conclusion】 The NF-κB signaling pathway may be involved in storing platelets to regulate inflammation and apoptosis, thus affecting the process of neutrophil-mediated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell injury.

Application process of therapeutic plasma exchange for neurological diseases in Blood Transfusion Department / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To standardize the application process of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in Blood Transfusion Departments for neurological diseases. 【Methods】 Working procedures of 2 785 TPE sessions in 617 patients with neurological diseases, from January 2019 to May 2021, were analyzed and summarized. The experiences and methods during TPE, druing patient evaluation, protocol formulation and implementation, and the management of adverse reaction during or at the end of TPE were summarized to optimize the application process of each link. 【Results】 A systematic application process could standardize the responsibilities of blood transfusion physicians and neurologists in indication, adverse reaction and treatment program. During the TPE treatment, different degrees of adverse reactions were handled in time, providing a reliable guarantee for patient safety. 【Conclusion】 Standardized application process, as the basis for TPE implementation in neurologic diseases, is the premise of safety treatment for patients.

Effect of blood component transfusion in patients with negative to positive results of direct antiglobulin test after blood transfusion / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the effect of blood component transfusion when the results of direct antiglobulin test (DAT) changed from negative to positive after blood transfusion. 【Methods】 The data of 215 surgical blood recipients, who were admitted in our hospital from January to October 2019 and presented negative results for both DAT and irregular antibody screening (Anti-screening), were collected via Ruimei Laboratory Management System. DAT and Anti-screening were performed again after blood transfusion, and DAT positive patients(re-test positive group) were then subject to antibody classification and polybrene cross-matching (referred to as cross-matching), and Anti-screening positive patients were tested for irregular antibodies. Patients were stratified by perioperative RBCs transfusion volume as ≤4 U (150 ± 10% mL/U), >4 to 8 U and > 8 U, and DAT-negative patients after blood transfusion were set as the controls, and the transfusion effect of DAT-positive patients after blood transfusion was compared with them. 【Results】 8.84% (19/215) of DAT-negative patients turned positive after RBCs transfusion, among which IgG type accounted for 84.21% (16/19) and IgG+ C3 15.79% ( 3/19); two patients(anti-E and-M, 10.53%) were positive in anti-screening re-test and the rest were negative (89.47%, 17/19). As for cross matching, incompatibility of both primary and secondary side, primary side and secondary side accounted for 5.26% (1/19), 5.26% (1/19) and 10.52 (2/19), respectively, while 78.95% (15/19) showed compatibility of both primary and secondary side. The Hb, RBC and Hct values of the re-test positive group, received RBC transfusion volume (U)≤4 and >4~8, were effectively elevated compared with the controls (P8 U(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The conversion of DAT negative results to positive after RBC transfusion indicates the patient has developed antibodies or the incidence of blood transfusion reaction, which can provide references for the clinical choice of appropriate blood components to ensure the safety and effectiveness of blood transfusion.

Interference of CD38 monoclonal antibody in blood compatibility testing and its countermeasures: A general consensus among experts / 中国输血杂志

With continuous discovery of tumor immune targets and continuous changes in antibody research and development technology, antibody drugs are becoming more and more widely used in clinical practice. However, some targets are not only expressed on tumor cells, but also on red blood cells. Therefore, the clinical application of antibodies against the corresponding targets may interfere with the detection of blood transfusion compatibility, resulting in difficulty in blood matching or delay of blood transfusion. This consensus summarizes the current solutions for the interference of CD38 monoclonal antibody (CD38 mAb) in transfusion compatibility testing. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of different methods, polybrene and sulfhydryl reducing agents [dithiothreitol (DTT) or 2-mercaptoethanol (2-Me)], as a solution for CD38 mAb interference in blood compatibility testing, are recommended for Chinese patients, so as to eliminate blood transfusion interference produce by CD38 mAb and further provide a pre-transfusion workflow for clinicians and technicians in Department of Blood Transfusion.