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1.
Rev. latinoam. psicopatol. fundam ; 25(4): 534-554, out.-dez. 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1424090

ABSTRACT

Neste artigo defendemos que a busca operacional-pragmática de uma maior confiabilidade diagnóstica deve levar em conta o papel que a linguagem desempenha na conceituação psicopatológica. Concluímos que, na conceituação dos sintomas psicopatológicos, a ênfase deve se deslocar das vivências para o relato sobre elas. Isso exige considerar de maneira explícita uma semântica, ou seja, uma teoria da significação, apenas pressuposta. Além disso, mostramos que essa mudança de ênfase tem implicações na concepção que se tem da natureza do sintoma psicopatológico. Concluímos também que a estipulação de critérios de suficiência para o diagnóstico psicopatológico favorece um aumento da confiabilidade à custa da consideração clínica dos casos limítrofes, estreitando formalmente a visada clínica da psicopatologia a partir do operacionalismo pragmático.


This article argues that the operational-pragmatic search for greater diagnostic reliability must consider the role played by language in psychopathological conceptualization. When conceptualizing psychopathological symptoms, the emphasis must shift from experience to reporting, which requires explicitly considering a semantics - that is, a theory of meaning - only presupposed. This shift in emphasis influences our understanding of the nature of the psychopathological symptom. In conclusion, stipulating sufficiency criteria for psychopathological diagnosis favors an increase in reliability in detriment of the clinical consideration of borderline cases, formally narrowing the clinical approach to psychopathology based on pragmatic operationalism.


Cet article soutien que la recherche pragmatique-opérationnelle d'une plus grande fiabilité diagnostique doit tenir compte du rôle joué par le langage dans la conceptualisation psychopathologique. Lors de la conceptualisation des symptômes psychopathologiques, l'accent doit être déplacé de l'expérience vers le rapport, ce qui nécessite de considérer explicitement une sémantique, c'est-à-dire une théorie du sens, juste présupposée. Ce changement d'accent influence notre compréhension de la nature du symptôme psychopathologique. En conclusion, la stipulation de critères de suffisance pour le diagnostic psychopathologique favorise une augmentation de la fiabilité au détriment de la considération clinique des cas limites, rétrécissant formellement l'approche clinique de la psychopathologie basée sur l'opérationnalisme pragmatique.


En este artículo argumentamos que la búsqueda pragmática operativa de una mayor fiabilidad diagnóstica debe tener en cuenta el papel que desempeña el lenguaje en la conceptualización psicopatológica. En la conceptualización de los síntomas psicopatológicos, se debe pasar el enfoque de las experiencias al de informar sobre ellas. Esto requiere considerar explícitamente una semántica, es decir, una teoría del significado, solo presupuesta. Además, mostramos que este cambio de enfoque tiene implicaciones en la comprensión de la naturaleza del síntoma psicopatológico. También concluimos que el establecimiento de criterios de suficiencia en el diagnóstico psicopatológico favorece un aumento de la fiabilidad en la observación clínica de los casos límite, que estrecha formalmente el abordaje clínico de la psicopatología desde el operacionalismo pragmático.

2.
Adv Rheumatol ; 60: 42, 2020. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1130805

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Human herpesviruses (HHVs) are responsible for a significant number of clinical manifestations in systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) patients. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of active HHV infections in SLE patients and correlating them with disease activity. Methods: Serum samples were collected from 71 SLE patients and their DNAs were extracted and analyzed to detect HHV-DNA viruses using the nucleic acid amplification technique. Results: Fifteen out of the 71 (21.1%) patients tested positive for the HHV-DNA virus. Of them, 11/15 HHV-DNA-positive patients (73.3%) had SLE activity index (SLEDAI - Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index) ≥8 (p = 0.0001). Active HCMV infection was the mostly frequently observed infection, occurring in 6/15 patients (40%). The frequencies of other active viral infections were 22% for HSV-1, 16.7% for HHV-7, and 5.5% for HSV-2. Viral coinfection (two or more viruses detected in the same sample) occurred in three patients (16.7%). Active HHV infections in SLE patients are more frequent in those with active SLE (≥8), who is at high risk of HHV reactivation and HCMV disease. Conclusion: Viral surveillance is important to identify active HHV infections that can cause clinical symptoms and other complication in SLE patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Herpesviridae Infections/diagnosis , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/instrumentation , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/physiopathology , Polymerase Chain Reaction/instrumentation , Coinfection
3.
J. Bras. Patol. Med. Lab. (Online) ; 55(2): 160-169, Mar.-Apr. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002372

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: The detection of anti-double-stranded (ds) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) antibodies is one of the classification criteria for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Objective: To describe a quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting anti-dsDNA immunoglobulin class G (IgG) antibodies. Methods: The performance of ELISA was evaluated using the Crithidia luciliae indirect immunofluorescence test (CLIFT) as a reference. Anti-dsDNA IgG antibodies were screened by ELISA and CLIFT in serum samples from 127 patients with SLE, 56 patients with other diseases and 37 healthy persons. The Cochran Q test was used to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the reactions, with differences among the results being considered significant when p ≤ 0.05. Results: ELISA had a sensitivity of 92.9% and a specificity of 94.6%, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of CLIFT were 85.8% and 100%, respectively. ELISA was significantly more sensitive than CLIFT (p = 0.0027), whereas CLIFT was significantly more specific than ELISA (p = 0.0253). Conclusion: ELISA showed excellent results in terms of sensitivity and specificity, with a potential use in research and routine diagnostics.


RESUMEN Introducción: La detección de anticuerpos contra el ácido desoxirribonucleico (ADN) de doble cadena (dc) es uno de los criterios de clasificación para el diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES). Objetivo: Describir una técnica inmunoenzimática (ELISA) cuantitativa para detección de anticuerpos de inmunoglobulina de clase G (IgG) anti-ADNdc. Métodos: Se evaluó el desempeño de la técnica ELISA mediante el test inmunofluorescencia indirecta con Crithidia luciliae (IFI-CL) como referencia. Anticuerpos IgG anti-ADNdc fueron analizados por ELISA y IFI-CL en muestras de sueros de 127 pacientes con LES, 56 pacientes con otras enfermedades y 37 personas sanas. La prueba Q de Cochran fue utilizada para comparar la sensibilidad y la especificidad de las reacciones considerando diferencias significantes entre los tests cuando p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: La técnica ELISA mostró sensibilidad del 92,9% y especificidad del 94,6%, mientras la sensibilidad y la especificidad de la técnica IFI-CL fueron del 85,8% y 100%, respectivamente. La técnica ELISA mostró sensibilidad significativamente mayor que la obtenida con IFI-CL (p = 0,0027); esta mostró especificidad significativamente mayor que la obtenida con ELISA (p = 0,0253). Conclusión: La técnica ELISA presentó resultados excelentes de sensibilidad y especificidad, con el potencial de ser utilizada en investigación y rutina diagnóstica.


RESUMO Introdução: A detecção de anticorpos contra o ácido desoxirribonucleico (DNA) nativo (ds) é um dos critérios de classificação para o diagnóstico do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES). Objetivo: Descrever uma técnica imunoenzimática enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) quantitativa para a detecção de anticorpos imunoglobulina da classe G (IgG) anti-DNAds. Métodos: O desempenho da técnica ELISA foi avaliado utilizando o teste de imunofluorescência indireta com Crithidia luciliae (CLIFT) como referência. Anticorpos IgG anti-DNAds foram pesquisados por ELISA e CLIFT em amostras de soros de 127 pacientes com LES, 56 pacientes com outras doenças e 37 indivíduos sadios. O teste Q de Cochran foi utilizado para comparar as sensibilidades e as especificidades das reações, considerando diferenças significantes entre os testes quando p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: A técnica ELISA apresentou sensibilidade de 92,9% e especificidade de 94,6%, enquanto a sensibilidade e a especificidade da técnica CLIFT foram de 85,8% e 100%, respectivamente. A técnica ELISA apresentou sensibilidade significativamente maior do que a obtida com a técnica CLIFT (p = 0,0027); esta apresentou especificidade significativamente maior do que a obtida com a técnica ELISA (p = 0,0253). Conclusão: A técnica ELISA apresentou excelentes resultados em termos de sensibilidade e especificidade, podendo ser útil em pesquisa e rotina diagnóstica.

4.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 26(1): 3-7, jan.-mar. 2019. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1016092

ABSTRACT

A demodiciose é uma doença parasitária comum em cães, sendo, até o momento, reconhecidas três formas de Demodex que parasitam os cães. O D. injai foi descrito como potencial causador da enfermidade canina, porém ainda há poucos casos relatados em literatura. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem como objetivo acrescentar novos aspectos clínicos da enfermidade no cão. Para tanto, descreve-se o caso de canino da raça Chow Chow com 10 anos de idade, fêmea, com demodiciose cutânea e presença de prurido intenso e seborreia. Diversos ácaros com tamanho médio superior a 370 µm, proporção opistossoma e comprimento total médio superior a 60% foram observados e caracterizados como da espécie D. injai. Nesse sentido, a raça Chow Chow passa a ser incluída dentre aquelas passíveis de apresentarem a demodiciose causada por D. injai.


Demodicosis is a common parasitic skin disease in dogs, and to date three forms of Demodex are recognized as parasitizing dogs. D. injai has been described as a potential cause of the canine disease, however there are few cases reported in literature in the specie, so this work aims to add new clinical aspects of the disease in the dog. Therefore, is described a clinical case of a Chow Chow dog, female, 10 years old that presented cutaneous demodicosis, very itchy and with a dorsal oily dyskeratosis. Mites were observed in optical microscopy with middle larger than 370 µm and opistossoma ratio and total middle lenght over 60%, characterized as D. injai mites. Thus, the Chow Chow breed is included among those able to present the demodicosis caused by D. injai.


Subject(s)
Dogs , Dermatitis, Seborrheic , Dogs , Mite Infestations , Pruritus
5.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 47(1): 105-107, Jan-Feb/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703159

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the serological cross-reactivity between Leishmania sp. and other canine pathogens. Methods: Positive serum samples for Ehrlichia canis, Babesia canis, Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum and Trypanosoma cruzi were tested using three serological methods enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and Kalazar Detect™, for canine visceral leishmaniasis. Results: Of the 57 dog samples tested, 24 (42.1%) tested positive using one of the three serological methods: 10/57 (17.5%) for ELISA, 11/57 (19.3%) for IFAT and 3/57 (5.3%) for Kalazar Detect™. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that the presence of other infectious agents may lead to cross-reactivity on leishmaniasis serological tests. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Dog Diseases/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/parasitology , Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology , Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology , Babesia/immunology , Cross Reactions , Ehrlichia canis/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary , Leishmania infantum/immunology , Neospora/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Trypanosoma cruzi/immunology
6.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 71(2): 106-109, Feb. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-663915

ABSTRACT

In the present study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) standardized with vesicular fluid of Taenia solium cysticerci was used to screen for IgG (total and subclasses) and IgE antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with neurocysticercosis showing intrathecal production of specific IgG antibodies and patients with other neurological disorders. The following results were obtained: IgG-ELISA: 100% sensitivity (median of the ELISA absorbances (MEA)=1.17) and 100% specificity; IgG1-ELISA: 72.7% sensitivity (MEA=0.49) and 100% specificity; IgG2-ELISA: 81.8% sensitivity (MEA=0.46) and 100% specificity; IgG3-ELISA: 63.6% sensitivity (MEA=0.12) and 100% specificity; IgG4-ELISA: 90.9% sensitivity (MEA=0.85) and 100% specificity; IgE-ELISA 93.8% sensitivity (MEA=0.60) and 100% specificity. There were no significant differences between the sensitivities and specificities in the detection of IgG-ELISA and IgE-ELISA, although in CSF samples from patients with neurocysticercosis the MEA of the IgG-ELISA was significantly higher than that of the IgE-ELISA. The sensitivity and MEA values of the IgG4-ELISA were higher than the corresponding values for the other IgG subclasses. Future studies should address the contribution of IgG4 and IgE antibodies to the physiopathology of neurocysticercosis.


No presente estudo, uma reação imunoenzimática (ELISA) padronizada com o fluido vesicular de cisticercos de Taenia solium foi utilizada para avaliar as respostas de anticorpos anti-cisticercos IgG (total e subclasses) e IgE em amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de pacientes com neurocisticercose apresentando produção intratecal de anticorpos específicos IgG e pacientes com outras desordens neurológicas. Os seguintes resultados foram obtidos: ELISA-IgG: 100% de sensibilidade (mediana das absorbâncias das reações ELISA (MAE)=1,17) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG1: sensibilidade 72,7% (MAE=0,49) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG2: sensibilidade 81,8% (MAE=0,46) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG3: sensibilidade 63,6% (MAE=0,12) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgG4: sensibilidade 90,9% (MAE=0,85) e especificidade 100%; ELISA-IgE: sensibilidade 93,8% (MAE=0,60) e especificidade 100%. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as sensibilidades e especificidades das reações ELISA-IgG e ELISA-IgE, embora a MAE da reação ELISA-IgG em amostras de LCR de pacientes com neurocisticercose tenha sido significativamente maior que a obtida com ELISA-IgE. Os valores de sensibilidade e MAE da reação ELISA-IgG4 foram maiores que os valores correspondentes para as outras subclasses da IgG. Estudos futuros deverão abordar a contribuição dos anticorpos IgG4 e IgE na fisiopatologia da neurocisticercose.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Antibody Specificity/immunology , Cysticercus/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/cerebrospinal fluid , Immunoglobulin G/biosynthesis , Neurocysticercosis/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Neurocysticercosis/cerebrospinal fluid , Sensitivity and Specificity , Taenia solium/immunology
7.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 50(2): 121-128, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-696350

ABSTRACT

Caracterizou-se retrospectivamente, a partir do ano de 1997 até março de 2008, a ocorrência de casos de leishmaniose, visceral ou tegumentar, dentre os cães dermatopatas atendidos em serviço especializado de hospital-escola veterinário de Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo. Para o diagnóstico em 427 animais, foram utilizados testes sorológicos (Ensaio Imunoenzimático Indireto, Imunofluorescência Indireta e/ou Fixação de Complemento), parasitológicos diretos e moleculares (Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase), que resultaram na confirmação de 117 (27,4%) casos positivos. Da amostragem, 96 (82,1%) eram cães de raça definida, os demais 21 (17,9%) não dispunham de plena definição racial, sendo 57 (48,7%) fêmeas e 60 (51,3%) machos. Quanto à faixa etária, 26 (22,2%) apresentavam idade inferior a 36 meses, 48 (41%) entre 36 e 84 meses e 43 (36,8%) ultrapassavam o sétimo ano de vida. Considerou-se 64 (54,7%) cães como oligossintomáticos, 44 (37,6%) sintomáticos e os nove (7,7%) remanescentes como assintomáticos. As principais alterações clínicas observadas foram, em ordem decrescente, lesões tegumentares, linfonodomegalia, anemia, disorexia, prostração e esplenomegalia. Quanto às alterações hematológicas, a mais importante foi a linfopenia relativa e absoluta. Dos animais positivos para a enfermidade, 96 (82,1%) correspondeu a casuística alóctone ao Município de São Paulo.


The occurrence of visceral or cutaneous canine leishmaniasis cases among dermatophatic dogs admitted to the veterinary teaching hospital School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry - University of São Paulo from 1997 to 2008 was retrospectively characterized. For the diagnosis of 427 animals, serological (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Indirect Immunofluorescence and/or Complement Fixation), parasitological and molecular (Polymerase Chain Reaction) tests were performed, which resulted in 117 (27.4%) confirmed positive cases. Of these, 96 (82.1%) were pure breed dogs and the others 21 (17.9%) were cross breed, being 57 (48.7%) females and 60 (51.3%) males. In terms of age, 26 (22.2%) were younger than 36 months, 48 (41%) were between 36 and 84 months, and 43 (36.8%) were older than seven years old. Sixty-four (54.7%) dogs were considered oligosymptomatic, 44 (37.6%) symptomatic, and the remaining nine (7.7%) asymptomatic. The main clinical findings were, in descending order, dermal lesions, lymphadenopathy, anemia, dysorexia, prostration and splenomegaly. As for hematological disorders, relative and absolute lymphopenia was the most important findings. Ninety-six (82.1%) of the positive animals correspond to allochthonus cases from São Paulo municipality.


Subject(s)
Animals , Epidemiology/trends , Hematology/trends , Leishmaniasis/pathology , Dogs/classification
8.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 50(5): 341-352, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-789894

ABSTRACT

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is among the most important vector-borne diseases that occur in Brazil, mainly due to its zoonotic nature. It is currently present in almost all Brazilian territory, and its control is a challenge both for veterinarians and for public health officials. The etiologic agent is Leishmania infantum (syn chagasi), and the main vector in Brazil is Lutzomyia longipalpis. Of all animals identified as reservoirs of VL, the dog is considered the most important domestic reservoir. Although the disease has already been identified in cats, the epidemiological role of this animal species is still unclear. This article presents a brief review of the epidemiological situation of the disease, its mode of transmission, clinical features in dogs and cats as well as possible risk factors associated with the occurrence of the disease in Brazil.


A leishmaniose visceral (LV) está entre as mais importantes doenças transmitidas por vetores que ocorrem no Brasil, principalmente devido ao seu caráter zoonótico. Atualmente, está presente em quase todo o território brasileiro, e seu controle é um desafio tanto para médicos veterinários como para agentes de saúde pública. O agente etiológico da doença é a Leishmania infantum (syn chagasi), e o principal vetor no Brasil é a Lutzomyia longipalpis. De todos os animais identificados como reservatórios da LV, o cão é considerado o reservatório doméstico mais importante. Apesar da doença já ter sido identificada em gatos, o papel epidemiológico desta espécie animal ainda é incerto. O presente artigo apresenta uma breve revisão sobre a situação epidemiológica da doença, a sua forma de transmissão, os aspectos clínicos nos cães e gatos, bem como possíveis fatores de risco associados à ocorrência da doença no Brasil.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Dogs , Leishmania infantum/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/etiology , Endemic Diseases/statistics & numerical data , Zoonoses/etiology
9.
J Biosci ; 2012 Sep; 37 (4): 749-755
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-161737

ABSTRACT

In vivo NMR spectroscopy, together with selectively 13C-labelled substrates and ‘statistical total correlation spectroscopy’ analysis (STOCSY), are valuable tools to collect and interpret the metabolic responses of a living organism to external stimuli. In this study, we applied this approach to evaluate the effects of increasing concentration of exogenous ethanol on the Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentative metabolism. We show that the STOCSY analysis correctly identifies the different types of correlations among the enriched metabolites involved in the fermentation, and that these correlations are quite stable even in presence of a stressing factor such as the exogenous ethanol.

10.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 69(3): 470-474, June 2011.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-592505

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of two antigenic preparations (vesicular fluid - VF and a glycoprotein fraction, LLa-Gp fraction, purified from a whole parasite extract by lentil lectin affinity chromatography) from Taenia solium cysticerci for the immunodiagnosis of neurocysticercosis. METHOD: Fifty-six cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples (22 from patients with neurocysticercosis and 34 from patients with other neurological disorders) and 57 serum samples (22 from patients with neurocysticercosis, 18 from patients with other infections and 17 from presumably healthy persons) were assayed for anticysticercal IgG antibodies with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The VF ELISA showed 100 percent sensitivity and specificity in CSF and serum samples, whereas the sensitivity and specificity of the LLa-Gp ELISA were, respectively, 90.9 percent and 97.1 percent, with the CSF samples and 95.5 percent and 100 percent with serum samples. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity and specificity of the two antigenic preparations used to screen CSF and serum samples. CONCLUSION: Considering the complexity and high cost of obtaining the LLa-Gp fraction, VF could be more suitable for screening specific antibodies by ELISA in CSF and serum samples from patients with neurocysticercosis.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho de duas preparações antigênicas (líquido vesicular - LV e uma fração glicoprotéica, fração LL a-Gp, purificada do extrato total dos parasitas por cromatografia de afinidade com lentil lectina) de cisticercos de Taenia solium para o imunodiagnóstico da neurocisticercose. MÉTODO: Cinquenta e seis amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) (22 de pacientes com neurocisticercose e 34 de pacientes com outras doenças neurológicas) e 57 amostras de soro (22 de pacientes com neurocisticercose, 18 de pacientes com outras infecções e 17 de pessoas presumivelmente sadias) foram analisadas quanto à presença de anticorpos IgG anti-cisticercos com uma reação imunoenzimática (ELISA). RESULTADOS: A reação ELISA LV apresentou 100 por cento de sensibilidade e especificidade em amostras de LCR e soro, enquanto a sensibilidade e a especificidade da reação ELISA LLa-Gp em amostras de LCR e soro foram de 90,9 por cento e 97,1 por cento e 95,5 por cento e 100 por cento, respectivamente. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na sensibilidade e especificidade das duas preparações antigênicas utilizadas, tanto para amostras de LCR como para amostras de soro. CONCLUSÃO: Considerando a complexidade e o alto custo de obtenção da fração LLa-Gp, o LV pode ser mais adequado para a pesquisa de anticorpos específicos por ELISA em amostras de LCR e soro de pacientes com neurocisticercose.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Antibodies, Helminth/cerebrospinal fluid , Antigens, Helminth , Immunoglobulin G/cerebrospinal fluid , Neurocysticercosis/diagnosis , Taenia solium/immunology , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Case-Control Studies , Chromatography, Affinity , Cyst Fluid/immunology , Cysticercus/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Glycoproteins/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Neurocysticercosis/immunology , Plant Lectins/immunology , Sensitivity and Specificity
11.
J Biosci ; 2011 Mar; 36(1): 97-103
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-161516

ABSTRACT

Mathematical modelling analysis of experimental data, obtained with in vivo NMR spectroscopy and 13C-labelled substrates, allowed us to describe how the fermentative metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, taken as eukaryotic cell model, is influenced by stress factors. Experiments on cellular cultures subject to increasing concentrations of ferric ions were conducted in order to study the effect of oxidative stress on the dynamics of the fermentative process. The developed mathematical model was able to simulate the cellular activity, the metabolic yield and the main metabolic fluxes occurring during fermentation and to describe how these are modulated by the presence of ferric ions.

12.
Clinics ; 66(6): 949-953, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-594360

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to simultaneously monitoring cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6 active infections using nested-polymerase chain reaction and, together with clinical findings, follow the clinical status of patients undergoing liver transplant. INTRODUCTION: The human β-herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6, are ubiquitous among human populations. Active infections of human herpesvirus 6 and cytomegalovirus are common after liver transplantation, possibly induced and facilitated by allograft rejection and immunosuppressive therapy. Both viruses affect the success of the transplant procedure. METHODS: Thirty patients submitted to liver transplant at the Liver Transplant Unit, at the Gastro Center, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil, were studied prospectively from six months to one year, nested-polymerase chain reaction for cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6 DNA detections. Two or more consecutive positive nested-polymerase chain reaction were considered indicative of active infection. RESULTS: Active infection by cytomegalovirus was detected in 13/30 (43.3 percent) patients, median time to first cytomegalovirus detection was 29 days after transplantation (range: 0-99 days). Active infection by human herpesvirus 6 was detected in 12/30 (40 percent) patients, median time to first human herpesvirus 6 detection was 23.5 days after transplantation (range: 0-273 days). The time-related appearance of each virus was not statistically different (p = 0.49). Rejection of the transplanted liver was observed in 16.7 percent (5/30) of the patients. The present analysis showed that human herpesvirus 6 and/or cytomegalovirus active infections were frequent in liver transplant recipients at our center. CONCLUSIONS: Few patients remain free of betaherpesviruses after liver transplantation. Most patients presenting active infection with more than one virus were infected sequentially and not concurrently. Nested-polymerase chain reaction can be considered of limited value for clinically monitoring cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cytomegalovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus/isolation & purification , /isolation & purification , Liver Transplantation/adverse effects , Roseolovirus Infections/diagnosis , Cytomegalovirus/genetics , DNA, Viral/analysis , DNA, Viral/genetics , Follow-Up Studies , Graft Rejection/virology , /genetics , Liver Transplantation/immunology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Prospective Studies , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/virology , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors
13.
Clinics ; 66(8): 1401-1406, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-598383

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Epstein-Barr virus exposure appears to be an environmental trigger for rheumatoid arthritis that interacts with other risk factors. Relationships among anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status have been observed in patients with rheumatoid arthritis from different populations. OBJECTIVE: To perform an association analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS: In a case-control study, 140 rheumatoid arthritis patients and 143 healthy volunteers who were matched for age, sex, and ethnicity were recruited. Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and shared epitope alleles were identified by genotyping. Smoking information was collected from all subjects. A comparative analysis of anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, the shared epitope, and smoking status was performed in the patient group. Logistic regression analysis models were used to analyze the risk of rheumatoid arthritis. RESULTS: Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies were not associated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, shared epitope alleles, or smoking status. Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody positivity was significantly higher in smoking patients with shared epitope alleles (OR = 3.82). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis using stepwise selection, only anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were found to be independently associated with rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 247.9). CONCLUSION: Anti-Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen-1 antibodies did not increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis and were not associated with the rheumatoid arthritis risk factors studied. Smoking and shared epitope alleles were correlated with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Of the risk factors, only anticyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies were independently associated with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/etiology , Epstein-Barr Virus Infections/complications , Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/blood , Peptides, Cyclic/immunology , Smoking/adverse effects , Alleles , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology , Autoantibodies/blood , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Epitopes/blood , Epitopes/immunology , Genotype , Risk Factors
14.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 48(5): 425-428, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-686999

ABSTRACT

A leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma zoonose que vem se expandido por todo o território paulista desde 1998, quando foi identificado o primeiro caso canino autóctone, no município de Araçatuba. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Leishmania infantum syn chagasi em amostras de soro de 584 cães de São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, área não endêmica para a doença. Cinco cães (0,86%) foram soro reagentes pela técnica de ELISA e um (0,17%) por imunocromatografia. A reação de imunofluorescência indireta, realizada em 138 animais que possuíam densidades ópticas acima ou próximas ao ponto de corte do ELISA evidenciou dois cães (1,45%) com títulos acima de 1:40. Apenas um animal foi sororeagente nas três técnicas sorológicas. Apesar deste cão não apresentar histórico de deslocamento para áreas endêmicas, havia sido adquirido em região com casos caninos e humanos de LV. Os resultados obtidos no presente estudo fazem supor que não existiam casos autóctones de LV canina na população estudada.


Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has been a widespread zoonosis in São Paulo since 1998, when the first autochthonous canine case was identified in Araçatuba. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti–Leishmania infantum syn chagasi antibodies in serum samples of 584 dogs from São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, a non endemic area for the disease. Five dogs (0.86%) seroconverted by ELISA and one (0.17%) by immunochromatography. The indirect immunofluorescent reaction, carried out in 138 animals whose optical densities were above or close to ELISA’s cutt-off point, evidenced two dogs (1.45%) with titers above 1:40. Only one dog was serum-reactive on the three techniques. Although there was not a history of displacing this animal to endemic areas, the dog had been acquired in a region with canine and human cases of VL. These results suggests that there were no autochthonous cases of canine VL in this population.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antibodies/analysis , Dogs/classification , Leishmania infantum/pathogenicity , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary
15.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 48(5): 378-383, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-687005

ABSTRACT

imunodeficiência viral felina e a leucemia viral felina representam importantes doenças infecciosas causadas por retrovírus. O presente estudo teve por objetivos investigar a sorofrequência da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e pelo vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV) em gatos provenientes do município de Araçatuba, Estado de São Paulo. Amostras de sangue de 302 gatos foram colhidas e testadas quanto à presença de anticorpos antivírus da imunodeficiência felina e do antígeno do vírus da leucemia felina por meio do ELISA Snap-Combo®FIV-FeLV (IDEXX Laboratories). A frequência de positividade para FIV foi de 5,63% (17/302) e para FeLV de 0,33% (1/302). Dos 17 gatos infectados pelo FIV, nove (52,94%) eram sintomáticos. Houve um predomínio da infecção pelo FIV em machos (p = 0,0316) e em gatos com idade variando entre um e três anos (p = 0,0324).


Feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia represent important infectious diseases caused by retroviruses. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of infection by feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in cats from the municipality of Araçatuba, São Paulo. Blood samples from 302 cats were collected and tested for the presence of antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus and antigen of feline leukemia virus by ELISA ® Snap- Combo FIV-FeLV (IDEXX Laboratories). The frequency of FIV positivity was 5.63% (17/302) and of FeLV was 0.33% (1/302). Of the 17 cats infected with FIV, nine (52.94%) were symptomatic. There was a prevalence of FIV infection in males (p = 0.0316) and cats aged between one and three years (p = 0.0324).


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats/classification , Leukemia/veterinary , Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/pathology , Retroviridae
16.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 52(4): 225-227, July-Aug. 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-557413

ABSTRACT

We report a primary response to Toxoplasma gondii following a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with multiple myeloma. The primary response to T. gondii was supported by IgM, IgG and IgA seroconversion. The patient was promptly treated and there were no complications related to toxoplasmosis in the subsequent months.


Esse relato de caso descreve uma resposta primária ao Toxoplasma gondii após transplante de células progenitoras hematopoiéticas em paciente com mieloma múltiplo. A resposta primária para o T. gondii foi evidenciada pela soroconversão observada na resposta de anticorpos IgM, IgG e IgA. O paciente foi prontamente tratado e complicações relacionadas à toxoplasmose não foram observadas nos meses subseqüentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects , Immunoglobulin Isotypes/blood , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Multiple Myeloma/surgery , Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis
17.
Braz. j. vet. res. anim. sci ; 47(3): 213-217, mai.-jun. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-561194

ABSTRACT

Apesar da descrição de vários casos de leishmaniose felina no mundo, pouco se sabe sobre a importância do gato como um reservatório da doença. O objetivo do presente estudo foi determinar a ocorrência de leishmaniose em gatos provenientes de uma área endêmica para leishmaniose visceral no Brasil. Duzentos gatos foram incluídos no estudo. A presença de infecção foi determinada por meio do achado de formas amastigotas do parasita em esfregaços obtidos por punção biópsia aspirativa de linfonodos, medula óssea, baço e fígado, e pela presença de anticorpos anti-L. chagasi pelo teste de ELISA indireto. Nossos resultados demonstraram uma prevalência de infecção em 14,5% (31/200) dos gatos na população estudada, sendo 4% (8/200) por diagnóstico parasitológico e 11,5% (23/200) por sorologia.


Despite the description of several cases of feline leishmaniasis around the world, little information is available about the importance of the cat as a reservoir of the disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of leishmaniasis in cats from an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil. Two hundred cats were included in this study. Infection was evaluated through the presence of amastigotes in stained smears from fine-needle aspirates of lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen and liver, and by antibody reactivity against Leishmania chagasi using indirect ELISA. Our results showed a prevalence of infection in 14.5% (31/200) of the feline population studied, with 4% (8/200) of positivity by parasitological diagnosis and 11.5% (23/200) by serology.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Leishmaniasis/diagnosis , Prevalence , Brazil/epidemiology , Endemic Diseases , Immunologic Tests , Leishmaniasis/veterinary
18.
Rev. bras. psicanál ; 44(1): 17-20, 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-693142

ABSTRACT

Há cem anos Freud tinha ideias claras a respeito do objeto e objetivos da Psicanálise. De acordo com o espírito da época, acreditava que a Medicina e a Psicanálise atingiriam um alto nível de precisão e eficiência. Hoje se sabe que as coisas são muito mais complicadas e assim ficaram pela expansão dos conhecimentos psicanalíticos, assim como, pela ampliação de sua proposta de trabalho.


Hace cien años, Freud, en conformidad con el espíritu de la época, creía que el Psicoanálisis llegaría a alcanzar un alto nivel de precisión y eficiencia. Tenía en ese entonces, ideas claras sobre el objeto y los objetivos del Psicoanálisis. Hoy sabemos que las cosas son mucho más complicadas debido a la acumulación de conocimientos psicoanalíticos y como consecuencia de la ampliación de su propuesta clínica.


One hundred years ago, Freud had clear ideas about the object and objectives of Psychoanalysis. In accordance with the way of thinking of his time, he believed that Medicine and Psychoanalysis would reach a high level of accuracy and efficiency. Today we know that things are much more complicated, due to the enlargement of psychoanalytic knowledge and because of the widening of its clinical project.


Subject(s)
Freudian Theory , Psychoanalysis
20.
J. bras. pneumol ; 34(12): 1019-1025, dez. 2008. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-503814

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar a concentração de alfa 1-antitripsina (AAT) e a prevalência dos alelos S e Z em indivíduos sintomáticos respiratórios crônicos. MÉTODOS: Pacientes com tosse crônica e dispnéia foram submetidos à avaliação clínica, espirometria, tomografia computadorizada de tórax, dosagem de AAT por nefelometria e pesquisa das mutações S e Z por reação em cadeia da polimerase. Foram consideradas como variáveis dependentes a concentração de AAT e o tabagismo. RESULTADOS: Dos 89 pacientes incluídos no estudo (44 mulheres; idade média, 51,3 ± 18,2 anos), os alelos S e Z foram detectados em 33,3 por cento e 5,7 por cento, respectivamente, com freqüência gênica dos alelos S e Z de 0,16 e 0,028. Dois pacientes tinham genótipo SZ (AAT < 89 mg/dL). Os pacientes foram divididos em grupos segundo a concentração de AAT: < 89 mg/dL (deficiência, nenhum grupo); 90-140 mg/dL (faixa intermediária, Grupo 1, n = 30); e > 141 mg/dL (normal, Grupo 2, n = 57). A freqüência de fumantes foi igual nos dois grupos, com carga tabágica maior no Grupo 2. O alelo S estava presente em 13 e 14 pacientes dos Grupos 1 e 2, respectivamente, enquanto que o alelo Z estava presente em 2 e 1 paciente dos mesmos grupos. Não houve diferença nos testes de função pulmonar, nem na freqüência de bronquiectasias ou enfisema entre os dois grupos. Os valores espirométricos e as concentrações de AAT foram similares entre fumantes e não-fumantes. Bronquiectasias foram mais freqüentes entre os não fumantes, e enfisema foi mais freqüente entre os fumantes. CONCLUSÕES: Trinta pacientes apresentaram níveis de AAT abaixo da média esperada para os genótipos MM e MS, e este fato não pode ser explicado por uma freqüência maior dos alelos S e Z.


OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) and the presence of S and Z alleles in patients with chronic respiratory symptoms. METHODS: Patients with chronic cough and dyspnea were submitted to clinical evaluation, pulmonary function tests, high-resolution computed tomography, nephelometric determination of AAT and determination of S and Z alleles by polymerase chain reaction. Smoking and AAT levels were considered the dependent variables. RESULTS: Of the 89 patients included in the study, 44 were female. The mean age was 51.3 ± 18.2 years. The S and Z alleles were detected in 33.3 percent and 5.7 percent, respectively, and the gene frequency was 0.16 and 0.028, respectively. Two patients were SZ heterozygotes (AAT levels < 89 mg/dL). The patients were divided into groups based on AAT level: < 89 mg/dL (deficiency, no group); 90-140 mg/dL (intermediate, Group 1, n = 30); and > 141 mg/dL (normal, Group 2, n = 57). The frequency of smokers was the same in both groups, although tobacco intake was greater in Group 2. The S allele was present in 13 and 14 patients in Groups 1 and 2, respectively, whereas the Z allele was present in 2 and 1 patient in the same groups. There was no difference in the results of pulmonary function tests or in the frequency of bronchiectasis or emphysema between the two groups. Spirometric values and AAT levels were similar in smokers and nonsmokers. Bronchiectasis was more common in nonsmokers, and emphysema was more common in smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Thirty patients presented AAT levels lower than the mean values found in patients with the MM or MS genotype, and this fact could not be explained by an increased frequency of S and Z alleles.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alleles , alpha 1-Antitrypsin , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/blood , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cough/blood , Dyspnea/blood , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Function Tests , Smoking/blood , Smoking/physiopathology , alpha 1-Antitrypsin/blood , alpha 1-Antitrypsin/genetics
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