Identification of Tiletamine, Zolazepam and Their Metabolites in Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault by GC-QTOF-MS / 法医学杂志

Objective To identify tiletamine, zolazepam and their metabolites in samples from drug facilitated sexual assault by gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry （GC-QTOF-MS）. Methods Urine samples of victims were collected, and detected by GC-QTOF-MS after liquid-liquid extraction and concentration. The molecular formula of fragments ions was identified by determination of accurate mass numbers, to detect related substances. Results Tiletamine, zolazepam, three metabolites of tiletamine and two metabolites of zolazepam were identified in urine samples from actual cases. Conclusion GC-QTOF-MS provides abundant and accurate information of fragment ions mass numbers, which can be used for qualitative identification of tiletamine, zolazepam and their metabolites in drug facilitated sexual assault.

Effect of globular domain of adiponectin on glucose metabolism and insulin signal transduction in insulin resistant model adipocytes / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Insulin resistance model of 3T3-L1 adipocytes were prepared with plamotic acid.Adipocytes with generated insulin resistance were cultured with different concentrations of globular domain of adiponectin(gAd:250,500,1 000 ng/ml).The cell culture medium glucose content was detected with the glucose oxidase method,the mRNA expressions of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1),phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase(PI3K),and protein kinase B(PKB) were detected with real-time quantitative PCR method.The phosphorylation of IRS-1 was detected by Western blot.Compared with the control group,the experimental group showed significantly increased glucose consumption (P ＜ 0.01),and with the increasing gAd concentration,glucose consumption was gradually increasing.IRS-1 phosphorylation was increased gradually with the increasing concentration of gAd.These results suggest that gAd can promote glucose uptake by 3T3-L1 adipocyte model with generated insulin resistance.This may be correlated with promoting insulin signal transduction and improving insulin resistance in adipocytes.

Implication of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and Tei index of left ventricle changes in children with ventricular septal defect treated by transcatheter interventional therapy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the implication of the dynamic changes of plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level and Tei index of left ventricle (LV) in children with ventricular septal defect (VSD) treated by transcatheter closure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty children with VSD treated by transcatheter closure with VSD occluder (Group VSD) and 30 healthy children (Group C) were included in this study. The plasma concentration of NT-proBNP, Tei index of LV and left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured in Group C and at before, 5th minute, 4th hour, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month after VSD closure in Group VSD.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The concentration of plasma NT-proBNP was significantly increased in children with VSD before transcatheter closure compared with Group C [(229.45 ± 57.75) ng/L vs. (99.21 ± 46.86) ng/L, P < 0.01], significantly increased at 5th minute and 24th hour after transcatheter closure [(356.27 ± 96.78) ng/L and (356.38 ± 91.95) ng/L vs. (229.45 ± 57.75) ng/L, all P < 0.01], and significantly decreased at 1st month, 3rd months and 6th months after transcatheter closure [(131.33 ± 34.79) ng/L, (96.56 ± 31.55) ng/L and (93.39 ± 29.46) ng/L vs. (229.45 ± 57.75) ng/L, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. (2) The Tei indexes of LV in Group VSD before transcatheter closure were significantly higher than in Group C (0.45 ± 0.05 vs. 0.33 ± 0.08, P < 0.01) and Tei index was significantly increased at 24th hour, 1st month after transcatheter closure (P < 0.01) while significantly decreased at 3rd and 6th month compared with those before transcatheter closure (0.34 ± 0.07 and 0.34 ± 0.06 vs. 0.45 ± 0.05, all P < 0.01). (3) There is a positive correlation between the changes of the plasma concentration of NT-proBNP and the change of Tei index of LV before and after transcatheter closure (r = 0.653, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tei index of LV and NT-proBNP can monitor cardiac function changes in children with VSD before and after transcatheter closure.</p>

Effects of carvedilol on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in autoimmune myocarditis in mice / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of carvedilol on the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas in autoimmune myocarditis (AM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 60 inbred male BALB/C mice 4 - 5 weeks of age were divided at random into 3 groups as follows: AM group (n = 20), carvedilol group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20). The mice were sacrificed after gathering blood specimens by taking out the eyeballs and hearts tissue. The histological and ultrastructural changes were observed under light microscope and electron microscope. The concentrations of cardiac troponin I (cTn I) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed to analyze the contents of Bcl-2, Bax and Fas, TUNEL to detect the apoptotic index in myocardial cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were large number of lymphocyte and monocyte infiltrates under light microscope and karyopyknosis and chromatin gathered along the nuclear membrane under electron microscope in AM group. There were no inflammations and chromatin gathering in group C. Compared with control group, the Bcl-2, Bax and Fas protein expression significantly elevated in AM group (23.48 ± 2.24 vs. 6.64 ± 1.60, 26.15 ± 2.02 vs. 5.09 ± 0.85, 21.22 ± 3.62 vs. 5.86 ± 1.37, P < 0.01). The histopathologic scores (2.60 ± 0.31 vs. 2.02 ± 0.26, P < 0.05) and karyopyknosis of carvedilol group decreased as compared with AM group. The Bcl-2, Bax and Fas protein expression (17.13 ± 1.94 vs. 23.48 ± 2.24, 17.66 ± 2.62 vs. 26.15 ± 2.02, 16.79 ± 2.83 vs. 21.22 ± 3.62, P < 0.05), AI [(16.61 ± 4.67)% vs. (24.51 ± 4.70)%, P < 0.05] and contents of cTnI [(1.878 ± 0.48) ng/ml vs. (1.102 ± 0.23) ng/ml, P < 0.05] also decreased in carvedilol group compared with AM group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Carvedilol could protect against AM by alleviating cardiomyocyte apoptosis.</p>

Heart rate variability, adrenomedullin and B-type natriuretic peptide before and after transcatheter closure in children with patent ductus arteriosus / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of heart rate variability (HRV), adrenomedullin (ADM) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) before and after transcatheter closure in children with patent ductus arteriosus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HRV spectral values (TF, VLF, LF, HF, LF/HF) were detected by 24 dynamic electrocardiogram and the concentrations of plasma ADM and BNP were measured in 55 children with patent ductus arteriosus (Group PDA, n = 55) before and 3(rd) day, 3(rd) month after transcatheter closure therapy, and in 60 normal children (Group C).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Compared with Group C, the HRV spectral values (TF, VLF, HF) were significantly lower (all P < 0.01), LF/HF and the concentrations of plasma ADM, BNP were significantly higher in patients with PDA before transcatheter closure (all P < 0.01). (2) Compared with the values before transcatheter closure values, plasma ADM were significantly reduced at 3(rd) day and 3(rd) month after transcatheter closure (P < 0.01), the HRV spectral values (TF, VLF, HF) were significantly increased while LF/HF and plasma BNP were significantly decreased at 3(rd) month after transcatheter closure (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HRV and plasma ADM, BNP improved significantly post transcatheter closure in children with patent ductus arteriosus.</p>

Changes of serum leptin and vascular endothelial growth factor in children with congenital heart disease / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of serum leptin (LEP) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in children with congenital heart disease(CHD) and their roles in CHD.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-eight children with acyanotic CHD (ACHD group), 20 age-matched children with cyanotic CHD (CCHD group) and 20 healthy children (control group) were enrolled. The ACHD group was subdivided into two groups with (n=20) or without concurrent heart failure (n=28). Serum LEP, VEGF, total protein and albumin levels and body mass index (BMI) were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum total protein and albumin levels were not apparently different in all CHD children from healthy controls, but there was a significant difference in the BMI between them (p<0.01). Serum LEP and VEGF levels and the ratio of LEP/BMI in all CHD children were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (p<0.01). Compared with the ACHD group without heart failure, the serum LEP and VEGF levels and the ratio of LEP/BMI in the CCHD and the ACHD with heart failure groups increased significantly (p<0.01). In the ACHD group, serum LEP level was positively correlated with BMI (p<0.01). In the CCHD group, there were positive correlations between serum LEP level and serum VEGF level (p<0.01) and between hemoglobin concentration and serum VEGF level (p<0.01). Arterial oxygen saturation was negatively correlated with serum VEGF (p<0.01) and LEP levels (p<0.01) in the CCHD group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Both VEGF and LEP play roles in the pathophisiological process of CHD. VEGF and LEP are associated with the development of heart failure in children with ACHD.</p>

Effects of hemoglobin oxygenase-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX on acute viral myocarditis in mice / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its catalyst carbon monoxide (CO) in the development of myocardial damage and the effects of zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX), an inhibitor of HO-1 on myocardium of mice with acute viral myocarditis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 112 inbred male Balb/C mice 4 - 6 weeks of age were divided randomly into 3 groups: the control group (C group, n = 32), the viral myocarditis group (V group, n = 40) and ZnPPIX group (Z group, n = 40). The Z and V groups were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with 0.1 ml of 10(-4.36) tissue culture infectious dose 50% (TCID(50))/ml Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB(3)) to produce viral myocarditis model on day 0, C group was injected i.p. with virus-free 1640 culture culture medium 0.1 ml at the same time, then operation was done as follows: the mice of group C and group V were injected i.p. with 0.1 ml NS each day. The mice of group Z were injected i.p. with 40 micromol per kilogram of body weight ZnPPIX (HO-1 inhibitor) qod. Eight mice of each group were sacrificed on days 4, 8, 15 and 21, respectively. The blood specimens were collected by taking out the eyeballs to test for the content of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) using spectrophotometry and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) using chemiluminescent immunoassay. The hearts tissue slides were also stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for HO-1 and in situ hybridization (ISH) for HO-1 mRNA. The histological and ultrastructural changes were observed under light and electron microscopes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The histopathological changes of myocardial cells: in the V and Z groups myocardial inflammatory cells infiltration reached the peak on day 8, the Z group histopathological scores were significantly lower than those in V group on day 8 (2.40 +/- 0.31 vs. 1.73 +/- 0.24, P < 0.01) and on day 15 (1.78 +/- 0.29 vs. 1.43 +/- 0.23, P < 0.05). No inflammation was present in group C. (2) The changes of serum cTnI level in both V and Z groups were significantly higher than those in C group on day 4, 8 and 15 (P < 0.01). The level in Z group was significantly lower than that in V group on day 4 [(6.074 +/- 1.475) ng/ml vs (7.911 +/- 1.225) ng/ml, P < 0.05] and day 8 [(0.821 +/- 0.294) ng/ml vs (1.480 +/- 0.454) ng/ml, P < 0.05]. (3) The changes of blood COHb level: compared with V group, in Z group the COHb level was lower on day 4 (P < 0.05) and day 15 (P < 0.01) after CVB(3) inoculation. Surprisingly, in Z group COHb level elevated suddenly on day 8 and showed conspicuously higher than that of V group (P < 0.01). (4) The result of HO-1 IHC staining: in both V and Z group myocardial cells had positive expression, while C group did not. (5) The results of HO-1 ISH were similar to those of HO-1 IHC, the A values of group Z was significantly lower than that of group V on day 4, 15 and 21(P < 0.01), but on day 8 it was higher than that of group C (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HO-1 inhibitor, ZnPP not only could inhibit HO-1 overexpression but also could induce HO-1 expression temporarily and protect against myocardial injury at the early stage of acute viral myocarditis.</p>

Reducing plasma homocysteic acid lowers serum C-reactive protein level in children with Kawasaki disease / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of plasma homocysteic acid (HCA) reduction on serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-six children with KD were divided into 2 equal groups for treatment with aspirin and IVIG, or with vitamin B6 and folic acid besides in addition to aspirin and IVIG. Serum CRP level was tested before and after the treatments, and plasma HCA level was also measured after the treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Serum CRP level was comparable between the two groups before the treatment, but significantly reduced after vitamin B6 and folic acid treatment (7.56-/+2.94 mg/L vs 12.23-/+4.16 mg/L, P<0.05). Additional vitamin B6 and folic acid treatment significantly lowered plasma HCA level (4.56-/+1.14 micromol/L vs 7.79-/+1.79 micromol/L, P<0.05), and correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between plasma HCA and serum CRP levels (r=0.697, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lowering plasma HCA can decrease serum CRP in children with KD to enhance the therapeutic effect.</p>

The expression of TLR4 in rat acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide and the influence of Eucalyptus globulus oil / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the distribution of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in rats' respiratory tract. To study the influence of LPS and Eucalyptus globulus oil on the distribution of TMR4.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The Sprague-Dawley rats were intratracheally instilled with lipopolysaccharide (LPS,2 mg x kg(-1) per day) for two days to induce acute lung injury. The rats were sacrificed at 72 hours after LPS instillation. Lung morphology was studied. Leukocytes in Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured and TLR4 were detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The result of immunohistochemistry showed that TLR4 distributed widely in common rats' respiratory tract. In the group of acute lung injury, the number of leucocyte in BALF was increased apparently, the inflammation in bronchus and bronchioles was more apparently than that of the control group in morphology. And the expression of TLR4 was reinforced in main bronchus and bronchioles. In the group of E. globules oil (300 mg x kg(-1)), the leucocyte number was decreased apparently in BALF, the inflammation was lightened and the expression of TLR4 decreased as compared with the group of models.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of TLR4 distributes widely in rats' respiratory tract. The stimulation of LPS can reinforce the expression of TLR4. The E. globules oil can reduce the increase of TLR4 induced by LPS in bronchioles.</p>

Expression and pathological implication of transforming growth factor-beta1 mRNA and endothelin-1 mRNA in intraacinar pulmonary arterioles of congenital heart disease accompanied with pulmonary hypertension / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the expression and pathological implication of transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in intraacinar pulmonary arterioles of children with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension (HP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-one children with left-to-right shunt congenital heart disease were studied including 25 cases of HP (group A), 16 cases without HP (group B) and 10 children without congenital heart disease as the contols (group C). Expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and ET-1 mRNA in intraacinar pulmonary arteriolar (IAPA) was studied using in-situ hybridization and image pattern analysis of their absorption values (A value). Changes of the intraacinar arterioles and lung tissue were studied by elastic fiber staining and electronic microscopy respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There was a significant difference in the amount of intraacinar pulmonary arterioles (partial-muscular and muscular) counted in either group A or B in comparing with that of group C (F values 149.96 and 142.01 respectively, P < 0.01); (2) Electronic microscopy demonstrated endothelial proliferation of the small arteries, thickening of arteriolar wall, increased density of collagen fibers at adventitia and increased thickness of the capillary basal membrane; (3) The A value of TGF-beta1 mRNA expressed in the pulmonary arterioles of groups A and B by in-situ hybridization were 0.1988 +/- 0.0498 and 0.1098 +/- 0.0428 respectively, however, the expression was weak in group C (A value: 0.0578 +/- 0.0096). There were all significant between each two groups (F = 45.95, P < 0.01). The expression of ET-1 mRNA was markedly increased as well in the endothelial cells of pulmonary arterioles in both groups A and B, with A values of 0.1692 +/- 0.0205 and 0.1004 +/- 0.0140 respectively, whereas the expression was weak in group C (A value of 0.0746 +/- 0.0119). There were all significant between each two groups (F = 139.996, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The number of intraacinar pulmonary partial-muscular and muscular arterioles in patients with left-to-right shunt congenital heart defect is drastically increased, along with marked restructuring of the pulmonary vasculatures. In addition, there seems a correlation present between the overexpression of TGF-beta1 mRNA and ET-1 mRNA in intraacinar pulmonary arterioles and the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension in patients with congenital heart disease.</p>

Effect of Eucalyptus globulus oil on lipopolysaccharide-induced chronic bronchitis and mucin hypersecretion in rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Eucalyptus globulus oil on bronchiolitis and mucin hypersecretion in chronic bronchitis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rat model was established by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide 0.2 mg. Pathological changes, alteration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and immunohistochemistry characters were examined after 3 weeks and the effect of E. globulus oil was observed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Characters of pathological manifestations of chronic bronchitis were found after instillation of LPS. Inflammatory cell infiltration and bronchiolitis severity were significantly reduced after administration of E. globulus oil. Especially in 300 mg x kg(-1) treated rats, there were significant decreases of mucin content in BALF and MUC5ac expression in trachea and bronchiole epithelium. Optical density and mucins area% detected by image analysis system were apparently lower than those in model group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>E. globulus oil has the anti-inflammatory effect on chronic bronchitis induced by lipopolysaccharide in rats and the inhibitio effect on hypersecretion of airway mucins.</p>

Increase of LTB4 level and expression of LTA4-hydrolase mRNA in lung tissue and cerebral cortex in asthmatic rats / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate antigen-induced changes of leukotriene B(4)(LTB(4))content and LTA(4)-hydrolase mRNA expression in lung tissue and cerebral cortex in sensitized rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The contents of LTB(4) in lung tissue and cerebral cortex homogenates and LTA(4)-hydrolase mRNA expression after antigen challenge by aerosol were respectively detected by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) and semi-quantitative RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The LTB(4) levels in lung tissue and cerebral cortex homogenates in asthmatic rats were significantly higher than those in control (P%0.05), and LTA4-hydrolase mRNA expression was also increased in asthmatic group. Dexamethason(DXM, 0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased the LTB(4) content and inhibited the LTA(4)-hydrolase mRNA expression significantly in asthmatic rats(P%0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LTB(4) content and LTA(4)-hydrolase mRNA expression in cerebral cortex and lung tissue are increased in asthmatic rats, and there may exist neuroimmunological cross-talking between central nervous system and lung tissue in asthma.</p>

Comparison of RR-formoterol with rac-formoterol in bronchodilating effect on human bronchus / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the bronchodilating effect of RR-formoterol (RR-FMT) with that of racemic formoterol (rac-FMT) on human bronchus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human bronchial spiral strips (2 - 4 mm internal diameter,15 mm length) were suspended in tissue baths under resting tension of 1.0 g. The changes of tension induced by RR-FMT and rac-FMT(10 pmol x L(-1) - 3.2 micromol x L(-1)) in a cumulative concentration manner were studied under resting tension conditions or precontraction with carbamylcholine (10 micromol x L(-1)) or histamine(100 micromol x L(-1)) in human bronchus.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The bronchodilating effect of RR-FMT was more potent than that of rac-FMT under resting condition(P<0.05). RR-FMT and rac-FMT reversed histamine or carbamylcholine-induced contraction, and the bronchodilating effect of RR-FMT was more potent than that of rac-FMT (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The bronchodilating effect of RR-FMT is more potent than that of rac-FMT in both the resting condition and carbamylcholine or histamine-induced contraction in human bronchus in vitro.</p>

Effect of eucalyptus globulus oil on activation of nuclear factor-kappaB in THP-1 cells / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of eucalyptus globulus oil on the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB(NF-kappaB) in THP-1 cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>THP-1 cells were cultured with or without eucalyptus globulus oil at different concentrations (1, 10, 100 mg x L(-1), 30 min) before being stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 mg x L(-1), 30 min). The location of NF-kappaB p65 subunit (NF-kappaB/p65) in THP-1 cells was detected by indirect immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscope. The expression of NF-kappaB/p65 in nuclei was measured by Western-blot analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The FITC-label NF-kappaB/p65 was mainly located in the nuclei after THP-1 cells were stimulated with LPS. Whereas, no fluorescence were seen in the nuclei of cells pretreated with eucalyptus globulus oil. This effect on NF-kappaB/p65 nuclear translocation was in a concentration dependent manner.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Eucalyptus globulus oil inhibits the nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB induced by LPS in THP-1 cells.</p>

Anti-tussive and expectorant effects of Liangyuan Pipagao,a Chinese medicine / 浙江大学学报·医学版

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pharmacological effects of Liangyuan Pipagao on cough reflex and ciliary action. Liangyuan Pipagao is a compound preparation of traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: Cough was induced by aerosol citric acid in guinea pigs and aerosol capsacin in mice. Excretion function of the airway in mice was determined by phenol red method. Ciliary movement function of frog esophagus was examined by a migration method of charcoal granules. RESULTS: Liangyuan Pipagao inhibited both the citric acid-induced cough in guinea pigs and capsacin-induced cough in mice. ID(50)value 2.64 g/kg (95%Cl1.12 approximately 6.19) and 11.40 g/kg (95%Cl5.76 approximately 22.58) respectively. Further, Liangyuan Pipagao increased phenol red excretion in mice airways and stimulated ciliary action of frog esophagusin a dose-dependent fashion. ED(50) value 7.70 g/kg (95%Cl 4.62 approximately 12.83) and EC(25) value 1.07 X 10(-4) (95% Cl 0.394 approximately 2.92x10(-4)) respectively. CONCLUSION: Liangyuan Pipagao a traditional Chinese medicine may have anti-tussive as well as expectorant actions.

Changes of Level of Plasma Angiotensin Ⅱ and Cardiac Function after Captopril Treatment in Children with Acute Viral Myocarditis / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the changes of plasma angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) and cardiac function,and the curative effect of children with acute viral myocarditis (VMC) treated with captopril(CAP).Methods Concentrations of plasma AngⅡ were measured with radio-immunity and cardiac function was detected by Doppler echocardiography for the VMC group (n=60) before and after treatment [the CAP group (n=30), the routine group (n=30) and the control group (n=30)].Results 1. The level of plasma AngⅡ significantly increased and the contractive and diastolic function obviously declined in children with acute VMC. There was a significant difference between VMC group and control group, with a significant correlation between the level of AngⅡand the contractive diastolic function.2. Compared with the level before treatment, the level of AngⅡ decreased and the contractive function obviously ameliorated in two groups; the diastolic function obviously ameliorated in the CAP group and did not ameliorate in the routine group after treatment. In CAP group the level of AngⅡ and the cardiac function significantly improved; there were statistical differences between the two groups after treatment.Conclusions 1.The increase of the plasma AngⅡ was an important factor for decrements of the contractive and diastolic function in acute viral myocarditis.2.It could decrease the concentration of plasma AngⅡ and ameliorate cardiac function in children with acute VMC treated with captopril,which was an effective therapy for acute VMC.

Evaluation of Myocardial Ischemia of Kawasaki Disease at Convalescence Period by Radioactive Nuclide Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical value of 99Tcm-sestamibi(99Tcm-MIBI) myocardial perfusion imaging on detecting myocardial ischemia in children with Kawasaki disease(KD) at convalescence period.Methods Twenty-one children wih KD at convalescence period were divided into 2 groups according to results of echocardiography.Four cases with coronary artery dilation,17 cases without coronary artery dilation.All cases accepted dipyridamole stress myocardial perfusion imaging.These patients who had positive results were given rest myocardial perfusion imaging again next day.Results Among 21 cases,9 cases(42.8%) were positive in perfusion imaging.Four cases with coronary artery dilation showed myocardial ischemia in different degree detected by myocardial perfusion imaging.Among 17 cases without coronary artery dilation,5 cases(29.4%) were positive.Conclusions Compared to echocardiography,99Tcm-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging can objectively evaluate the location,extent and degree of myocardial ischemia of children with KD.It will be a routine test in observing its phase development.