ABSTRACT
To evaluate the feasibility of pinna cartilage autograft in healing of long bone defects in dogs. Experimental study. Mid-diaphyseal region of the right radial bone of ten Mongrel dogs of both sexes with average weight of 29 +/- 2.4 kg, which were randomly assigned to either control [n=5] or experimental group [n=5]. Creation of a bone gap at the mid-diaphyseal region of the right radius in each dog followed by cosmetic ear trimming. Insetion of a piece of pinna cartilage within the bone defect in experimental group was done and postoperative lameness scored. Radiographic evaluation in two views every 2 weeks for 70 days was performed. The dogs were euthanized after 70 days and their operated and intact radial bones were subjected to bending test. Repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test were done for callus index measurements. Results of lameness scores were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis test. Lameness scores were statistically improved in experimental group by the time, as compared with control group. Callus index was statistically greater in experimental group at 28, 42,56 and 70 days after surgery than the previous days. [P<0.05]. Biomechanical quality [maximum load, elastic modulus, and maximum bending moment] enhanced in the operated bones of experimental group. The results of this study revealed that pinna cartilage in dogs may be used as an available chondrocyte-rich autograft to enhance bone healing process in fractures at risk to enhance bone healing process in fractures at risk of delayed or non-union treatment of both conditions, and in bone defects
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Animals , Dogs , Transplantation, Autologous , Radius , Radius Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Radius Fractures/therapy , Ear Auricle/transplantation , Fracture HealingABSTRACT
Although the promotional effects on bone healing of pulsed electromagnetic fields [PEMF] have been well demonstrated, the effects of static magnetic fields [SMF] remained unclear. In this study, effects of a custom-made magnetic wrap on radiographic and histopathological aspects of bone healing using a canine unstable osteotomy gap model were investigated. After an osteotomy of the midshaft radius, bone healing was evaluated over an 8-week-period in the control dogs [n = 5] and dogs exposed to SMF [1000 gauss] [n = 5]. Bone healing was evaluated by qualitative and quantitative evaluation of serial radiographs every 2 weeks. Histopathological study was also performed on osteotomized radii upon completion of the experimental period. Dogs exposed to SMF had more advanced radiographic healing of osteotomy sites. Cellular morphology scores of the SMF group was significantly greater as compared with the control group [P<0.05]. These results suggested that using the osteotomy gap model, SMF enhanced the radiographic and histopathological aspects of bone healing in dogs. Dogs at risk for delayed healing of fractures may benefit from treatment with SMF
Subject(s)
Animals , Bone and Bones , Fracture Healing , Dogs , Osteotomy , Radiography , PathologyABSTRACT
Bone has a capability to repair itself when it is fractured. Repair involves the generation of intermediate tissues, such as fibrous connective tissue, cartilage and woven bone, before final bone healing can occur. The process of cartilage-to-bone transition [CBT] is a key for the achievement of rigid bone healing during fracture repair. We tested this potential for elastic cartilage using a long bone defect model in dog. Eight sexually intact female mongrel dogs, 4.57 +/- 0.53 years old and weighing 11.48 +/- 0.63 kg, were studied. After an ostectomy of the midshaft radius, bone healing was evaluated over an 8-week period in control dogs [n = 4] and dogs in which autologous grafts of auricular cartilage were inserted into the bone defects [n = 4]. Quantitative radiographic assessment was conducted every 2 weeks. Eight weeks post-operative, qualitative histopathologic analysis was performed on the operated radii. Furthermore, histological grading was done using the Ulutas et al., scoring system. Experiment dogs had more advanced radiographic healing of ostectomy sites. The defects with elastic cartilage implants were bridged completely with new bony spicules originated from the implants. Transformation of elastic cartilage clusters to mesenchymal connective tissue and bony spicules was obvious in the experiment group. Significant differences were observed for cellular morphology [3 +/- 0.82 [experiment] vs. 1.75 +/- 0.5 [control]] and cartilage integration [2 [experiment] vs. 1 [control]] at ostectomy sites between the studied groups. This study demonstrated that by using the ostectomy gap model, autologous auricular cartilage enhanced the radiographic and histopathologic aspects of bone healing in dogs
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of topical administration of honey in prevention of or reduction in post-surgical peritoneal adhesions in dog. The study was conducted on 18 adult female mixed-breed dogs with a mean +/- SD weight of 20 +/- 4.25 kg. A standardized surgical trauma [serosal trauma model] was made in the dogs' descending colon to induce adhesion formation. The control group [n = 9] received saline treatment. In the experiment group [n = 9], the lesions were covered with honey. Three weeks after laparotomy, the dogs were sacrificed and the adhesions were graded according to the Evans's scoring system. Overall, 67% [n = 6] of the control and 22% [n = 2] of the experiment animals presented with moderate [grade-2] and severe [grade-3] adhesions. In the control group, there were 3 [33%] dogs with grade-0 or grade-1 adhesions, while in the experiment group there were 7 [78%] dogs with the same grades of adhesions. The difference between the two groups was significant [P<0.05]. It was concluded that honey is a useful covering for damaged peritoneal surfaces and has high effectiveness in reducing post-operative adhesions
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the short term effect of clomiphen citrate on osteoporosis in dog. Experimental study. Ten dogs of both sexes with average weight of 23 +/- 5.6 Kg, were randomly assigned to either control [n=5] or experimental groups [n=5]. Osteoporosis was induced by immobilizing the right hindlimb by means of fiberglass cast. Five dogs received clomiphen citrate [5 mg/kg per os] once a day for 42 days. All dogs were euthanized on day 42 and tibias were harvested. Bone biomechanical properties and microscopic structure of casted and uncasted tibias were studied. Independent t-test was done for biomechemical values. Significant differences in the values of examined mechanical properties were found between controt and clomiphen - treated dogs. [p<0.05] No remarkable histopathological changes were detected in the tibias of casted limb in Clomiphen-treated dogs. These findings indicate that short term clomiphen therapy may have promising effects on prevention of osteoporosis in dog
ABSTRACT
The effect of tamoxifen citrate on bone mass in immobilization osteoporosis was studied in 10 dogs. Osteoporosis was induced by fiberglass cast immobilization of the right hind-limb for 28 days, while the left hind-limb served as a non-immobilized control. Five dogs received tamoxifen citrate [1.5 mg/kg per os] once daily for 28 days; five dogs received no treatment. All dogs were euthanized on day 28 and tibiae were harvested. Bone biomechanical properties and microscopic structures of tibiae from casted and uncasted limbs were studied. Significant differences in the percent of decreased values of examined mechanical properties were found between untreated and tamoxifen-treated dogs. No remarkable histopathological changes indicative of osteoporosis were detected in the tibiae of casted limb of tamoxifen-treated dogs. These findings indicated that short term tamoxifen therapy may have promising effects on prevention of osteoporosis in dog
ABSTRACT
In order to find out the effects of vasectomy on testicular structure, twelve mature male Dawley rats were undergone left vasectomy. Sixty-two days after the surgery, all rats were euthanized and both the testes of each rat were examined at the level of light microscope. Formation of spermatic granuloma [7/12, 58.3%] and atrophy of seminiferous tubular epithelium [6/12, 50%] were the most prominent microscopic changes. These findings were probably attributed to the hydrostatic pressure caused by semen retention as well as pressure caused by granuloma produced. The authors suggest that failure to regain fertility following vasectomy-reversal was probably related to the detrimental changes in testicular structure
ABSTRACT
The diagnosis and treatment of sublingual sialocele [ranula] in a 2-year-old male German shepherd are described. The condition was associated with switching to a diet consisting of chicken bones. The diagnosis of ranula was obvious from clinical findings and confirmed by needle aspiration. Treatment included the surgical removal of the mandibular-sublingual gland complex followed by ranula needle aspiration. No recurrence was reported. This report as the first clinical report of canine ranula in Iran, emphasizes the fact that the sublingual sialocele is not a true cyst but a reactive structure