Effect on interaction between clonidine and calcium channel blockers on vascular smooth muscles

The 2 alpha receptor triggered vasoconstriction appears to be largely dependent upon the influx of extracellular calcium ions. This study was conducted to study the interaction between calcium channel blockers [nifedipine and isradipine] and clonidine.Mongrel dogs were used to study this interaction on the blood pressure nifedipine and isradipine attenuated the effect of clonidine on the blood pressure. When dogs were subjected to bleeding, it was found that nifedipine and isradipine also attenuated the effect of clonidine on the blood pressure of dogs.Using Abino rat hind quarter preparations, it was found that nifedipine and isradipine produced significant increase in the vascular outflow rate. The effect of isradipine was more significant than that of nifedipine. Clonidine non- significantly decreased the vascular outflow rate nifedipine and isradipine significantly attenuated the vasoconstrictor response to clonidine and this should be taken in consideration if a subject under nifedipine or isradipine treatment needs alpha 2-stimulants for treatment of emergency hypotensive states

Prophylactic and therapeutic effects of prostaglandin E1 on the disease activity in adjuvant arthritic rats

The effect of oral prostagladin E[1] on the disease activity, histolpathological pattern of gastrointestinal tract and on serum cortisol level were:studied in rats rendered arthritic by intradermal inoculation of Freund's adjuvant In the arthritic rats PGE[1] 100ug/kg/day orally was given first day of adjuvant inoculation till full development of arthritis [28 days] i.e as a prophylactic agent or given after establishment of arthritis for 2 weeks i.e. as a therapeutic agent. It was found that the prophylactic or the therapeutic administration of PGE[1] significantly decreased the arthritic disease activity as evidenced by the reduced development of paw oedema, increased pain threshold and correction of biochemical inflammatory markers namely serum C-reactive protein and serum albumin. The histopathological examination revealed marked gastrointestinal trophic action of PGE[1] which was more pronounced in the stomach. Serum cortisol level was significantly raised in the groups treated with PGE[1] The present findings strongly suggest the prophylactic and therapeutic value, of oral PGE[1] and investigate some of the possible underlying mechanism for their action in rheumatic diseases. However, further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of PGE[1] in management of arthritis

Effect of interaction between clonidine and tiaprofenic acid in experimental animals

The present work was done to study the interaction between clonidine. an antihypertensive drug which has a prostaglandin synthesis stimulating effect and tiaprofenic acid an analgesic anti-inflammatory drug which has prostaglandin synthesis inhibiting effect.It was found that tiaprofenic acid significantly decreased the hypotensive effect of clonidine in dogs.On the other hand, it was found that clonidine decreased the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of tiaprofenic acid significantly in arthritic rats, when the analgesemeter and rats paw edema meter were used for assessment of the analgesic and anti inflammatory effect. Accordingly, simultaneous administration of tiaprofenic acid and clonidine is not recommended because each drug may antagonise some beneficial effects of the other drug

Comparative study of the effects of natural honey and antacid [aluminium phosphate] on the anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic activity of indomethacin

The effects of concurrent administration of either honey of aluminium phosphate with indomethacin on the anti-inflammatory activity, ulcerogenic activity and plasma level of indomethacin in rats were investigated in this study. Natural honey [3 mg/kg orally] caused a significant decrease of ulcerogenic activity of indomethacin [30 mg/kg orally] as indicated by the gross lesion score and hitopathological examination This effect induced by honey is comparable to that produced by colloidal aluminium phosphate [3 gm/kg orally] also honey caused a marked decrease of indomethacin-induced gastric acid secretion that was not significantly different from that produced by aluminium phosphate Both indomethacin-honey and indomethacin-aluminium phosphate combinations caused a decrease of anti-inflammatory activity and plasma level of indomethacin but the reduction produced by the first combination was found to be significantly less than that produced by the second combination. These data may justify the use of honey concurrently with indomethacin to suppress its deleterious effect on the gastric mucosa with less disturbance of its plasma level and anti-inflammatory activity than its concomitant use with antacid

Experimental study of the effect of opioid agonists on histamine release

The aim of the present work is to investigate the histamine releasing activity of the relatively new opioid analgesic butorphanol comparing it with other opioid analgesics choosing morphine as a parent of the most opioids. The results of our study suggest that butorphanol compared to morphine has no histamine releasing activity however, it could produce a spasmolytic effect. Butorphanol is much more superior opioid having the advantages and lacking disadvantages of morphine and other opioids and can be safer in asthmatic subjects when opioid alkaloids are indicated