Purification and some properties of uricase from aspergillus flavus S-79

The work in this paper is concerned with the purification and properties of uricase from local Aspergillus flavus, S-79 isolated from an Egyptian soil. Purification by gel-filtration through a series of Sephadex G 200-120 and G 200 columns was tested by agarose gel electrophoresis. A specific activity of 0.144 units/mg protein was obtained [288-fold increase]. The purified uricase was found most active at PH 9.2, in 0.1 m borate buffer and at 37 C. The activity of this uricase was completely inhibited by sulphate of Zn2+ [50 mu g/ml] but sulphates of Mg2+, Cu2+, Fe2+ and Co2+ were stimulatory at 50 mu g/ml. Cobalt sulphate was the best activator, at 50 mu g/ml. Cobalt sulphate was the best activator, at 50 mu g/ml but not at 100 mu g/ml. However, 10 mu g/ml was stimulatory than 50 mu g/ml

Studies on the morphological characteristics and ultrastructure of streptomyces rubrowedgii sp nov A new species isolated from the soil of Kuwait

A new species of Streptomyces isolated from Kuwait soil and given the epithet S. Rubrowedgii [123 CS] was described morphologically and ultrastructurally in view of characteristic responses to asparagine and /or glycerol. New spore surface [wedge shape] was suggested and conditions discussed. Phages and a parasiting bacterium have been reported and claimed to have a potential role in the hyphal and spore morphogenesis of the new species

Morphological studies and fine structure of streptomyces viridosacchari, a new species isolated from the soil of Kuwait

A new streptomyces species from the desert soil of Kuwait was described, for which the name S. viridosacchari is proposed. This species is characterized as follows: green aerial mass color, spiral spore chains, hairy spore surfaces, reverse of the colony yellow brown, melanin negative, no water soluble pigments were produced, and a characteristic carbon utilization pattern was noted. Ultra-thin sections of various organs of S. viridosacchari show the attachment of spores to the hyphae and different internal structures in the cells. Concentric membranes of seven layers could be observed in some spores while some others contain C-shaped electron dense body. Many of the spores appeared as dormant spores. Septa of [Type-2] actinomycets cross section were observed. The gram positive nature and the procaryotic nature of the organism were also resolved. The type strain of S. viridosacchari is 110CS. Detailed studies on the effect of glycerol and asparagine on the morphology of the organism were carried out

Uricolytic streptomyces albogriseolus from an Egyptian soil I Taxonomy and uricase production and properties

The aim of the present study was to get uricase [s] potentially produced by an Egyptian soil acinomycete identified as Streptomyces albogriseolus. Estimation of uricase was carried out spectrophotometrically at 293. Optimal factors affecting uricase production were : uric acid concentration, 0.1% [w/v]; yeast-extract exhibited no stimulatory effect, Agitation at 200 r.p.m. increased the yield within 48 hr. which is the optimum incubation period; inoculum size, 2 ml; phosphate buffer [pH 7.0], 0.04 M; incubation temperature, 30§C; maximum uricase yield is not a function of cell growth; addition of nicotinic acid, folic acid and riboflavin exerted an obvious inhibitory effect while ascorbic acid, thiamine and pyridoxin exerted a little stimulatory effect; glucose concentration, 3% [w/v]. Studying factors affecting the activity of the crude uricase preparation resulted in the following optimal values: borate buffer, pH 9.0; uric acid concentration, 10 and micro g/ml; Optimum temperature, 30§C; incubation time of the reaction mixture, 30 min. A suggestion for the present uricase production under pilot scale fermentation was introduced and the possible application of the enzyme in uric acid serum determination was also indicated

Partial purification and properties of penicillium chrysogenum lipase

A purification procedure of Penicillium chrysogenum S-J5 lipase was developed. The purification process has been achieved by dialysis, precipitation with ammonium sulfate, gel-filtration [sephadex G-200 employed] techniques associated with T.C.Z. "Tributyrin-clearing zone", assay resulted in 14 purification folds with a maximum specific activity of 108.83 mu g Lipase/mg protein. The purified enzyme preparation showed optimal activity at pH 8.8 using tris-HCI buffer at 0.2% tributyrin [Substrate] concentration. Some ions caused activation of this enzyme viz. K+ [1-103ppm], Li+ [1-103ppm], Co++ [1 ppm], Mn++ [1 and 10 ppm] and Fe+++ [1 ppm]. Other ions caused inhibition viz. Cu++ 1-103 ppm], Fe+++ [10-103ppm], Co++ [101- 103ppm], Sb++ [1-103ppm], Ca++ [101-103ppm] Mn++ [100-103ppm]. The effect of certain commercial market drugs on the activity of the purified preparation enzyme resulted in a stimulatory effect of chloramphenicol [0.08 and 0.1% dose]. Sulphadiazine, streptomycin and salicylic acid exhibited no effect. Analgine, sulpha guanidine and tetracycline showed inhibitory effects

Relation of the production of penicillium chrysogenum lipase to -amylase biosynthesis and some factors affecting the crude lipase activity

A regulatory system was suggested in order to contribute in explaining the mechanism of lipase production by Penicillium chrysogenum in the presence of starch. There was an obvious relationship between lipase production and alpha-amylase biosynthesis. The optimum concentration of starch responsible for this kind of relation is 0.2% [w/v]. Factors affecting lipase activity in the crude dialysate of the cell- free culture were temperature, 26C, enzyme concentration, 312.5 mg/ml; pH, 8.6 using 0.2 M tris-HCl buffer. Na+ and Li+ showed relative inhibition at 100 p.p.m. Supplementation and no effect at 1000 ppm. All others showed various degrees of enzyme inhibition at both 100 ppm and 1000 ppm supplementation, the most inhibitory effect was by Sb++ [100%], followed by Fe+++ Zn,++ Cu++ and CO++ [99.60-99.99%], Mn++ [96.9%], Ba++ [87.5%] and K+ [50%], respectively

Identity and lipase [s] productivity of penicillium chrysogenum

Among three lipolytic fungal isolates obtained from spoiled canned meat, the most potent lipase producer was found to be a strain of Penicillium chrysogenum, S-Js. Optimal conditions for lipase production are: incubation period for 8 days at 30 degrees C, pH 7.0, 0.8% cotton-seed oil, certain volume of the production medium [75 ml/250 ml Erlenmeyer flask], 3-4% yeast extract, Ca++ [10 p.p.m.] exerted an obvious stimulatory effect, whereas phosphate buffer exhibited a very drastic effect on lipase production. Supplying the production medium with different fats and oils resulted in the fact that the fungus is able to attack both simple oils, and complex ones as well as plant and animal fats. Olive oil [0.5%] was found to be the best inducing. Substrate for maximum lipase[s] yield

Lipases production by bacillus circulans under mesophilic and osmophilic conditions: [a] factors affecting lipases production

A facultative osmophilic bacterium able to produce lipases [isolated from bee honey] was identified as Bacillus circulams. Factors affecting lipases production by such isolate were studied. Dox's liquid medium supplied with 2% or 30% sucrose was used as a basal medium, under static culture conditions. Results have shown that the optimal sucrose concentration at which the isolate produced its maximal yield of lipases was 30 after an incubation period of 24 hours at 40§C, and this was corresponding to an incubation period of 48 hours at 40§C in presence of 2% sucrose. The optimal pH value was 7 in the first case while, 6.5 in the second. Furthermore, production of extracellular lipases by this isolate was achieved in presence and absence of tributyrin as a carbon source instead of sucrose when supplied to Dox's liquid medium. Also the production of extracellular lipases by such isolate late was not enhanced in presence of tributyrin as a supplement to Dox's liquid medium when supplied with 2 and/or 30% sucrose as carbon sources. This might suggest that the extracellular lipases of such isolate is constitutive in nature

Lipases production by bacillus circulans under mesophilic and osmophilic conditions: [b] effect of certain vitamins and nitrogenous compounds on lipases production

Bacuilus circulansCUILUS CIRCULANS was found to produce lipases under static culture condition in Dox's liquid medium of 2 and/or 30% sucrose, supplied with yeast extract as a vitaminal source and sodium nitrate as a nitrogen source. The role of certain vitamins [thiamine, riboflavine, pyridoxine, inositol, nicotenic acid and pantothenic acid] and certain nitrogenous substances [sodium nitrate, glutamic acid, serine, arginine, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, asparagine, cystine, methionine and valine] supplied to the growth medium, on lipases production was studied under mesophilic and osmophilic culture conduction. Results have shown that thiamine is the only vitamin source which could fulfil the vitaminal requirements of yeast extract at 100 ppm in presence of 2% sucrose or at 50 ppm in presence of 30% sucrose. The maximal yield of lipases was achieved [1023 micro g/ml] when the medium was supplied with serine [100 ppm] and/or leucine [150 ppm] in presence of 2%. sucrose. In media containing 30%. sucrose, the situation is different since the high yield of lipases[3890 micro g/ml] was achieved in presence of leucine [150 ppm]. In general, the bacterium produced the highest yield of lipases in media containing 30% sucrose than in those containing 2%. The data obtined have revealed the osmophilic or osmotolerant nature of the used bacterium

Studies on the bacterial flora of Nasser's Lake: the distribution of some strains of bacillus stearothermophilus in the lake water

An attempt has been trade to study the bacterial flora of Nasser-s lake along at out 1 50 km at various depths and localities. Thermophilic isolates from nutrient agar plates were purified and identified down to the species level. The results have shown that all the bacterial isolates [9 strains] belong to Bacillus stearothermophilus, 2 of these were occasionally facultative thermophiles, and 7 could not grow within the limits of the study below 50 §C, with vigorous growth at 55§C and over 65§C [one strain grew at 77-78°C and one grew at as high as 80 §C]. Temperature-conditioned lipases production has been reported in sore of these obligate thermophiles [no growth on nutrient and some other media below 50 §C and one strain grows at up to 80§C]

Studies on the bacterial flora of Nasser's lake: the distribution of mesophilic species of genus bacillus in the lake water

An attempt has been made to study the bacterial ford of Nasser's lake. Water samples were collected from lake water along about .150 km at various depths and localities. Stress was made on the species composition of mesophilic bacteria of genus Bacillus, developed on nutrient agar and nutrient agar double strength. Identification studies have revealed that the mesophilic species of genus Bacillus were .c represented by 48 isolates, 5 belonged to Bacillus firmous; 5 to B. licheniformis; 9 to B. circulans; 4 to B. pumils; 6 to 3, brevis; 14 to B. subtilis; 4 to B. megaterium and 1 to B. alvei

Studies on the bacterial flora of Nasser's Lake: notes on the distribution of unclassified mesophilic species of genus bacillus in the lake water

An attempt has been made to study the bacterial flora of Nasser's lake along about 150 km at various depths and localities. Nutrient agar medium and blood agar medium were used for isolation and purification of used bacterial isolates. Stress was made on the description and identity of five mesophilic isolates related to genus Bacillus. Identification studies revealed that one isolate is similar to less extent to B. circulans, one to B. coagulans, one is intermedite in its characters between B. circulans, B. stearothermophilus and B. coagulans and two are kept as unidentifiable species of genus Bacillus. Results have also shown that the identification of these isolates according to the conventional classification studies is problematic and still needs efforts suggested to deal with numerical taxonomy in association with the conventional classification studies that should incorporate biochemical, biophysical and serological investigations in addition to the morphological differentiation studies

Biodeterioration of sulfaguanidine in visually spoiled tablets by penicillium species

The work aims to evaluate the potential role of microorganisms in deteriorating sulfaguanidine tablets already found spoiled as shown by their change in colour. Attempts to isolate microbes resulted in the isolation of three Perdcillium isolates. The role of these isolates in utilizing sulfaguaninine and certain other sulfa compounds supplied to Czapek's liquid medium was attempted. Criteria were mycelial dry weight [mg/100 ml culture and mg/gm sucrose consumed], sulfa consumption and sucrose consumption each in mg/100 ml culture. It was found that sulfaguanidine could be utilized by the isolated penicillii when supplied to Czapek's liquid medium, but not sulfanilamide and the sodium salts of sulfadimidine and sulfacetamide. Utilization of sulfa compounds in the literature by fungi has not been recorded. This gives value for the work it this paper

occurrence of achlya, dictyuchus and some members of chytrids in soils and water samples of certain Egyptian localities

An attempt has been made to detect the presence of the genera Achlya and Dicryurhus and some members of Chytrids in soils and orate. samples of the Nile and Nasser's lake. Sterile boiled hemp seeds, sterile cellophane paper, sterile skin, sterile house. flies and sterile human hairs were used as baits for such a purpose. Results have shown that Achlya sp., Dictyuchus sp. were recorded in soils and water sample of Nasser's lake, while five types of Chyhrids were recorded in soils : and water samples of the Nile and Nasser's lake