ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the concordance and discordance between the test results of Her-2/neu by immunohistochemistry [IHC] and flourescence In Situ hybridization [FISH] in breast cancer cases
Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, from 2011 to 2016
Methodology: Forty-three specimens of invasive ductal carcinoma of breast were evaluated for grade and Her-2/neu status using IHC and FISH methods. Concordance and discordance between their results was determined
Results: There is 100% concordance between FISH and IHC in cases scoring 0, 1+ [negative] and 3+ [positive] immunostaining. Tumour cases scoring 2+ immunostaining showed amplification in 69.2% cases. All grade-I tumours were non-amplified on FISH, while most of the grade-III tumours showed Her-2/neu amplification on FISH. There is significant association of Her-2/neu IHC with tumour grade and FISH [p<0.05]. A fairly high proportion i.e. 69.7% of cases showed Her-2/neu gene amplification. There was high concordance between Her-2/neu testing on IHC and FISH, [Kappa co-efficient 0.466, p <0.001]
Conclusion: Her-2/neu amplification increases with increasing grade of breast cancer. A high proportion of Her-2/neu gene amplified cases indicates aggressive disease in that area and need for FISH testing on large scale, which is the gold standard for equivocal cases on immunohistochemistry
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the frequency of hormone receptors and Her2neu expression and their correlation with age in patients of carcinoma breast
Study Design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, between the period 2006 - 2013
Methodology: Estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and Her2neu immunohistochemical staining was performed on all specimens of carcinoma breast of female patients. Allred scoring was followed using normal epithelium as internal control. Age was determined in years. Results were described as percentages
Results: Three hundred and forty-six cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast between the age of 20 - 90 years [mean= 49 +/- 14 years] were studied. Seventy-nine [23%] cases were below the age of 40 years. ER +ve cases were 210 [61%], PR +ve were 190 [55%], and 78 [23%] were Her2neu +ve. Three were 12 [3%] triple positive cases and 58 [17%] triple negative cases. One hundred and seven [31%] cases were ER/PR+ve and Her2neu -ve. Most of the breast cancer cases were aged between 41 - 50 years. Estrogen receptor positivity was maximum between 41 - 60 years. Fifty percent cases of carcinoma breast below 30-year age were also ER positive
Conclusion: A high proportion of breast cancer in young Pakistani females is alarming. Younger age harbours aggressive clinicopathologic characteristics. There is a due need for identifying high risk individuals/families including BRCA1 and BRCA2 testings, biologically driven trials devoted specifically to this group
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Immunologic Factors , Phenotype , Receptors, Progesterone , Receptors, Estrogen , Cross-Sectional Studies , PakistanABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to determine the frequency and pattern ofNon Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL] in adults in a tertiary care hospital. This retrospective study was conducted at Histopathology Department, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital over a period of 09 years, from 2003 to 2011. 192 cases ofNon Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL] were retrieved from surgical pathology record. After routine H and E stain examination, a panel of immunohistochemical stains was applied on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue. The data was analyzed for type of lymphoma, age and sex distribution, site of biopsy and immunophenotypic features. Out of 192 cases ofNon Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL], 132 [69%] were males and 60 [31%] were females. Mean age of patients was 46.7 years and median age was 47 years. B cell lymphoma was out numbered [87%] than T cell lymphoma [13%]. Diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma was the commonest [113] B cell lymphoma followed by other types of lymphoma. 52% cases were from extra nodal sites followed by 34% of nodal lymphoma. Site of biopsy was not mentioned in 14% cases. In adults, B cell Lymphoma is more frequent than T cell Lymphoma with Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the commonest Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of subgroups [germinal centre and non germinal centre of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma [DLBCL] in a tertiary care hospital
MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a descriptive cross sectional study performed in histopathology department, clinical laboratories Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Karachi. 62 cases of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma were collected during fifteen [15] months period from April 2011 to June 2012
All resected specimens and small biopsies were grossed; sections were processed overnight and stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin [HandE] for morphologic evaluation. The panel of lymphoid antibodies included CD20, CD79a, CD3, Ki-67 and Pax5 were used for the diagnosis of DLBCL
Then monoclonal antibodies CD 10, BCL-6 and MUM-1 were applied for subgrouping of DLBCL
RESULTS: In a total of 62 cases of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 27 [44%] cases were categorized as germinal centre like subgroup and 35 [56%] were categorized as non germinal centre like subgroup. Patient's ages ranged from 04 to 95 years. 58% patients were males and 42% were females with male to female ratio1.4:1. 36 [58%] cases were extranodal and 26[42%] were nodal lymphoma. Non germinal center like subgrpoup was preponderance in both nodal and extranodal lymphoma as 15 [58%] and 20[56%] respectively
CONCLUSION: This study reports an increased number of patients of non germinal centre subgroup of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Mean age of patient was 45 years
ABSTRACT
Myoepithelial carcinoma, the malignant counterpart of benign myoepithelioma, is one of the rarest salivary gland neoplasms. It is composed almost exclusively of tumour cells with myoepithelial differentiation, characterized by infiltrative growth and potential tor metastasis. We herein, report a case of myoepithelial carcinoma in a 50 years old male with reticular morphology. Reticular variant of myoepithelial carcinoma may be mistaken for a variety of benign and malignant epithelial and mesenchymal tumours including mixed tumour [pleomorphic adenoma], adenoid cystic carcinoma, basal cell adenoma and epithelial myoepithelial carcinoma. Complete surgical excision is the mainstay of therapy. The role of radiation therapy and chemotherapy is not yet established. Awareness of this variant is emphasized to prevent misdiagnosis
ABSTRACT
A 50 years old male presented with ulcer and swelling in left leg for 2 years. X-ray showed soft tissue sarcoma and excision was done. A diagnosis of extraskeletal osteosarcoma was made. Extraskeletal osteosarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal neoplasms. By definition, these are located in soft tissue without primary involvement of bone or periosteum. Since these tumours mimic other soft tissue tumours and tumour like conditions, radiology and histopathotogy alongwith tumour markers studies are important in diagnosis of this tumour