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1.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(5): 345-351, dic. 2023. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550698

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la preeclampsia (PE) es la principal causa de morbimortalidad materno-fetal en nuestro país. Alteraciones hemodinámicas precoces durante el embarazo podrían predecir la evolución a PE. El machine learning (ML) permite el hallazgo de patrones ocultos que podrían detectar precozmente el desarrollo de PE. Objetivos: desarrollar un árbol de clasificación con variables de hemodinamia no invasiva para predecir precozmente desarrollo de PE. Material y métodos: estudio observacional prospectivo con embarazadas de alto riesgo (n=1155) derivadas del servicio de Obstetricia desde enero 2016 a octubre 2022 para el muestreo de entrenamiento por ML con árbol de clasificación j48. Se seleccionaron 112 embarazadas entre semanas 10 a 16, sin tratamiento farmacológico y que completaron el seguimiento con el término de su embarazo con evento final combinado (PE): preeclampsia, eclampsia y síndrome HELLP. Se evaluaron simultáneamente con cardiografía de impedancia y velocidad de onda del pulso y con monitoreo ambulatorio de presión arterial de 24 hs (MAPA). Resultados: presentaron PE 17 pacientes (15,18%). Se generó un árbol de clasificación predictivo con las siguientes variables: índice de complacencia arterial (ICA), índice cardíaco (IC), índice de trabajo sistólico (ITS), cociente de tiempos eyectivos (CTE), índice de Heather (IH). Se clasificaron correctamente el 93,75%; coeficiente Kappa 0,70, valor predictivo positivo (VPP) 0,94 y negativo (VPN) 0,35. Precisión 0,94, área bajo la curva ROC 0,93. Conclusión: las variables ICA, IC, ITS, CTE e IH predijeron en nuestra muestra el desarrollo de PE con excelente discriminación y precisión, de forma precoz, no invasiva, segura y con bajo costo.


ABSTRACT Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is the main cause of maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality in our country. Early hemodynamic changes during pregnancy could predict progression to PE. Machine learning (ML) enables the discovery of hidden patterns that could early detect PE development. Objectives: The aim of this study was to build a classification tree with non-invasive hemodynamic variables for the early prediction of PE occurrence. Results: Seventeen patients (15.18%) presented PE. A predictive classification tree was generated with arterial compliance index (ACI), cardiac index (CI), cardiac work index (CWI), ejective time ratio (ETR), and Heather index (HI). A total of 93.75% patients were correctly classified (Kappa 0.70, positive predictive value 0.94 and negative predictive value 0.35; accuracy 0.94, and area under the ROC curve 0.93). Conclusion: ACI, CI, CWI, ETR and HI variables predicted the early development of PE in our sample with excellent discrimination and accuracy, non-invasively, safely and at low cost.

2.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 83(4): 603-611, ago. 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514518

ABSTRACT

Abstract Recommendations and guidelines propose to com bine antihypertensive drugs to improve BP control, highlighting the advantages of single-pill combinations (SPCs) to improve treatment adherence. It is speculated that, compared with free-dose combinations (Free-DCs), SPC should achieve a reduction in cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality through better adherence and BP control. However, there is little information in this regard. For this reason, the objective of this review was to provide a descriptive analysis the differences in CV outcomes between SPCs antihypertensive drugs treat ments vs. Free-DCs treatments. Ten studies were found and none had a randomized controlled design. Medi cation adherence was higher with SPCs, but outcomes were not adjusted for the adherence/persistence. When groups were compared according to similar adherence degrees, the statistical significance in favor of SPCs disappeared. Thus, randomized controlled studies are necessary to evaluate if SPCs have any effect beyond the improvement of the adherence to hypertensive treatment.


Resumen Las recomendaciones y las guías proponen combinar fármacos antihipertensivos para mejorar el control de la presión arterial, destacando las ventajas de las combi naciones en un solo comprimido para mejorar la adhe rencia al tratamiento. Se especula que, en comparación con las combinaciones en varios comprimidos, deberían lograr una reducción de los eventos cardiovasculares y de la mortalidad a través de una mejor adherencia y con trol de la presión. Sin embargo, hay poca información al respecto. Por esta razón, el objetivo de esta revisión fue proporcionar un análisis descriptivo de las diferencias en los resultados cardiovasculares y la mortalidad entre los tratamientos con combinaciones de antihipertensi vos en un solo comprimido vs. combinaciones de los mismos grupos de fármacos en varios comprimidos. Se encontraron diez estudios, pero ninguno tenía un dise ño controlado aleatorio. La adherencia a la medicación fue mayor con las combinaciones en un comprimido, pero los resultados no se ajustaron por la adherencia/ persistencia. Cuando se compararon los grupos según grados de adherencia similares, la significación estadís tica a favor de las combinaciones en un comprimido se perdió. Por lo tanto, son necesarios estudios controlados aleatorios para evaluar si las combinaciones de antihi pertensivos en un comprimido tienen algún efecto más allá de la mejora de la adherencia al tratamiento.

3.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 80(5): 417-424, ago. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1287192

ABSTRACT

Resumen Se trata de un estudio multicéntrico de cohorte retrospectivo, observacional, desde 15/5 a 1/7, 2020, en 272 pacientes COVID-19 internados en hospitales de la provincia de Buenos Aires, incluidos en un programa de acceso expandido de plasma de convalecientes de COVID-19. Nuestros objetivos fueron analizar letalidad y sus factores de riesgo independientes, y evaluar la evolución favorable, definida como alta hospitalaria, permanencia en sala (PISO), o alta de la UTI. Los pacientes fueron estratificados en 4 subgrupos: ingreso a PISO (n = 100) con neumonía y/o requerimiento de oxígeno; a UTI (n = 87); a UTI con requerimiento de ventilación mecánica (UTI-VM; n = 56), y a UTI-VM con shock séptico (UTI-VM-SS; n = 29). La letalidad total a los 28 días fue 26.1%, (71/272), para PISO 14.0%; UTI, 18.4%; UTI-VM, 44.6%; y UTI-VM-SS, 55.2%. El tiempo medio de supervivencia (días): 25.6 ± 0.6 (PISO); 25.3 ± 0.7 (UTI); 20.8 ± 1.2 (UTI-VM) y 18.2 ± 1.8 (UTIVMSS). Los predictores independientes de letalidad fueron VM, shock séptico y peso. Se registró una evolución favorable en 81.4% de los pacientes en PISO; 70.9% en UTI, 39.6% en UTI-VM, y en 27.6% de UTI-VM-SS. La gravedad al ingreso, edad, peso y frecuencia cardíaca fueron predictores independientes de evolución. No se registraron efectos adversos graves. Por falta de un grupo control, no fue posible evaluar la eficacia del plasma de convaleciente. La letalidad (26%) fue mayor que en otros ensayos clínicos con plasma convaleciente; esto podría deberse a mayor proporción de aquellos con VM y shock séptico en nuestra cohorte.


Abstract This is a preliminary, multicenter, retrospective cohort study, including 272 consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospitals in Buenos Aires Province, between May 15th and July 1st, 2020, included in an expanded access program to convalescent plasma. Our objectives were to analyze mortality and its independent risk factors, and to assess the occurrence of a favorable evolution, defined as hospital discharge, or stay at the ward, or transfer from ICU to ward. Patients were stratified into 4 subgroups: admission to the ward with pneumonia and/or oxygen requirement (WARD; n = 100); ICU admission (ICU; n = 87); ICU admission with requirement of mechanical ventilation (ICU-MV; n = 56), and ICU-MV plus septic shock (ICU-MV-SS; N = 29). Mortality at 28 days was 26.1% for the entire group, 14.0% for WARD group, 18.4% for ICU, 44.6% for ICU-MV, and 55.2% for ICU-MV-SS. Mean survival time (days) was 25.6±0.6 (WARD); 25.3±0.7 (ICU); 20.8±1.2 (ICU-MV) and 18.2 ± 1.8 (ICU-MV-SS). Independent predictors of mortality were MV, septic shock and weight. A favorable evolution occurred in 81.4% of WARD patients; in 70.9% of ICU; in 39.6% of ICU-MV and in 27.6% of ICU-MV-SS patients. Severity of illness on admission, age, weight and heart rate were independently associated with evolution. No major adverse effects were recorded. The lack of a control group precluded the estimation of efficacy. However, our 26% mortality rate was higher than that of the treatment arm of clinical trials comparing plasma with usual treatment, which might be ascribed to higher proportion of patients with MV and septic shock in our cohort.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pneumonia, Viral/therapy , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Pandemics , Argentina/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis , Pneumonia, Viral/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Immunization, Passive/methods , Treatment Outcome , Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis , Coronavirus Infections/mortality , Betacoronavirus , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Intensive Care Units
4.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 80(2): 105-107, abr. 2012. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-657547
5.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 11(3): 110-116, sept. 2011. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-655769

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar prevalencia de tabaquismo en población general y en individuos con alto riesgo cardiovascular.Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta de tabaquismo y factores de riesgo cardiovascular en una muestra poblacional aleatoria (≥ 15 años) de San Andrés de Giles, Bs As. Seconsideró fumadores actuales a quienes habían fumado más de 100 cigarrillos y fumaban actualmente y ex fumadores a quienes habían fumado más de 100 cigarrillos y abandonado. Analizamos: instrucción, vivienda, ingresos, actividad física, consumo de alcohol, hipertensión, diabetes, obesidad, dislipemia, sindrome metabólico, antecedentes de infarto, angina de pecho y accidente cerebrovascular. Resultados: Fueron encuestados 1091 mujeres (40.8±0.5 años) y 500 varones (40.4±0.8 años). La prevalencia ajustada por edad de fumadores actuales fue 32.8 en varones(IC95% 28.7-36.9) y 25.4 en mujeres (IC95% 22.9-28.0). En el grupo 15-24 años 41.8% de los varones y 31.5% de las mujeres eran fumadores actuales. Del total de fumadores actuales, habían pensado dejar 56.0% y fijarían fecha en 30 días 29.0%. No hubo diferencias en la prevalencia según el nivel de educación (p=0.699). La prevalencia defumadores actuales fue mayor en aquellos sin vivienda propia (p<0.001), en quienes consumían alcohol (p<0.001) y en quienes no realizaban actividad física (p=0.003). Eran fumadores actuales 24.5% de los hipertensos, 15.4% de los diabéticos, 25.0% de los obesos, 22.9% de los dislipémicos, 20.9% de los con síndrome metabólico y 27.1% de los con enfermedad cardiovascular.Conclusiones: El tabaquismo estuvo fuertemente asociado a la falta de actividad física y al consumo de alcohol y una alta proporción de sujetos con alto riesgo cardiovascular continúan fumando.


Objetive: To determine the prevalence of the tobacco smoking habit in the general population and in individuals with high cardiovascular risk. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey took place in a random sample ofthe inhabitants aged 15 years and more at San Andres de Giles, Buenos Aires, Argentina. People who had smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their life and still smoked were defined as current smokers, while people that had smoked at least 100 cigarettes but had quitsmoking were considered former smokers. We evaluated: 1-education level, 2-access to housing, 3-self perception of income, 4-regular physical activity, 5-alcohol consumption, 6-hypertension, 7-diabetes, 8-obesity, 9-dyslipidemia, 10-metabolic syndrome (NCEPATPIII criteria), 11-history of myocardial infarction, angina and stroke.Results: The sample included 1091 women (40.8 ± 0.5 years) and 500 males (40.4 ± 0.8 years). The prevalence of current smokers was 32.8 in men (CI 95% 28.7-36.9) and 25.4 inwomen (CI95% 22.9-28.0). In the age group that included people between the ages 15 to 24 years, 41.8% of men and 31.5% of women were current smokers. 56.0% of the current smokers had thought about quitting and 29.0% were willing to fix a date within the next 30days. There were no significant differences according to education level (p=0.699). Alcohol consumption (p<0.001) and lack of regular physical activity (p=0.003) were associatedwith a high prevalence of current smokers. 24.5% participants were hypertensives, 15.4% diabetics, 25.0% obeses and 22.9% dyslipidaemics; 20.9% had metabolic syndrome and27.1% of those with cardiovascular disease, were current smokers.Conclusion: There were strong relationships between smoking, alcohol consumption and lack of physical activity. A high proportion of subjects with high cardiovascular risk were current smokers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cardiovascular Diseases , Tobacco Use Disorder/adverse effects , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Data Collection , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Rural Health
6.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 69(5): 541-546, sep.-oct. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-633678

ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper was to study the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), its changes with age, and its association with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), indicators of obesity, dyslipemia, insulin resistance and inflammation on a random population sample. BP, weight, size and waist circumference (WC) were recorded at home. Fasting morning blood samples were analysed. The eGFR was calculated with MDRD (eGFR-MDRD), Cockroft-Gault (eGFR-CG) adjusted to 1.73 m² and reciprocal of serum creatinine (100/serum cretinine). A total of 1016 individuals, 722 females (41.97 ± 0.66 years old) and 294 males (42.06 ± 0.99 years old), completed the laboratory tests. The mean of 100/Scr was 115.13 ± 0.60 (dl/mg), the mean eGFR-CG was 98.48 ± 0.82 ml/min/1.73 m²; the mean eGFR-MDRD was 85.15 ± 0.58 ml/min/1.73 m². The eGFR-MDRD decreased with age and with the number of risk factors in both sexes. The eGFR-MDRD < 60 ml/min/1.73 m² adjusted prevalence was 6.2 per 100 inhabitants (CI 95%, 4.7-7.7), 3.6 (CI 95%, 1.5-5.7) in males and 8.6 (CI 95%, 6.6-10.6) in females. The bivariate analysis showed that the eGFR-MDRD correlates inversely with age, SBP, DBP WC, BMI, serum glucose, serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum uric acid and, in males, with C-reactive-protein. There was no correlation with either insulinemia or HOMA.The mean eGFR value, its association with cardiovascular risk factors and the prevalence of eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m² found in a rural population of Argentina are similar to those found in other parts of the world.


El objetivo fue evaluar en una muestra poblacional aleatoria el filtrado glomerular estimado (FGe), sus cambios con la edad y su asociación con presión arterial sistólica (PAS) y diastólica (PAD), indicadores de obesidad, dislipemia, resistencia a la insulina e inflamación. En cada domicilio fueron medidos presión arterial, peso y talla y perímetro de la cintura (PC). Se analizaron muestras de sangre en ayunas y fue calculado el FGe usando las fórmulas de MDRD (FGe-MDRD) y Cockroft-Gault (FGe-CG) ajustado a 1.73 m², y la inversa de la creatinina sérica (100/CrS). Completaron el protocolo de laboratorio 1016 sujetos, 722 mujeres (41.97 ± 0.66 años) y 294 varones (42.06 ± 0.99 años). La media de 100/Crs fue 115.13 ± 0.60 (dl/mg), la del FGe-CG 98.48 ± 0.82 ml/min/1.73 m² y la del FGe-MDRD 85.15 ± 0.58 ml/min/1.73 m² (CI 95% 84.00-86.29). El FGe-MDRD disminuyó con la edad y con el número de factores de riesgo cardiovascular en ambos sexos. La prevalecencia ajustada de FGe-MDRD < 60 ml/min/1.73 m² fue 6.2 por 100 habitantes (CI 95%, 4.7-7.7); 3.6 (CI 95%, 1.5-5.7) en varones y 8.6 (CI 95%, 6.6- 10.6) en mujeres. El análisis bivariado mostró correlación inversa del FGe-MDRD con edad, PAS, PAD, PC, IMC, glucemia, colesterolemia total, colesterol-LDL, trigliceridemia, uricemia y, en varones, con la proteina-C-reactiva. No hubo correlación con insulinemia u HOMA. La media del FGe, su asociación con factores de riesgo cardiovascular y la prevalecencia de FGe < 60 ml/min/1.73 m² fueron similares a los hallados en otras partes del mundo.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Glomerular Filtration Rate/physiology , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Age Factors , Biomarkers/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Dyslipidemias/complications , Hypertension/complications , Inflammation/complications , Obesity/complications , Risk Factors
7.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 67(2): 125-130, 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-480609

ABSTRACT

In a population-based sample, after excluding alcohol consumption, hepatotoxic drugs and hepatitis Band C infected, we investigated if alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) was associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, and if this association was caused by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The sample (432 female and 119 male) was divided into two ALT thresholds corresponding to the 50th and 75th percentiles (P) (female < or = 15 and < or = 19 U/L; male < or = 17 and < or = 23 U/l, respectively). Blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, cholesterol, HDL cholesterol (HDLc), triglyceride (TG), TG/HDLc ratio, glycemia and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were compared between those above and below each ALT threshold. Female placed above the 50th P of ALT had higher levels of TG/HDLc ratio (p=0.029), glycemia (p=0.028), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, (p=0.045), and above the 75th P had higher SBP (p=0.036), DBP (p=0.018), TG (p=0.024), TG/HDLc ratio (p=0.028), glycemia (p=0.004) and HOMA-IR (p=0.0014). Male placed above the 50th P of ALT had higher BMI (p=0.017) and TG/HDLc ratio (p=0.048), and above the 75th P had lower values of HDLc (p=0.042). Only 16.5 percent of women and 14.5 percent of men, above the 75th P of ALT, showed an increase in liver brightness in the echography. This work shows in woman an early association of ALT with TG/HDLc ratio and HOMA-IR. Since the last two are independent predictors of cardiovascular risk, attention should be drawn to ALT values near the upper limit of the normal range even in the absence of NAFLD and obesity.


En una muestra poblacional, luego de excluir a quienes consumían alcohol y drogas hepatotóxicas y a los infectados con virus B y C de la hepatitis, investigamos si la alanino-aminotransferasa (ALT), o transaminasa glutámico pirúvica (TGP), se asociaba con el síndrome metabólico y con resistencia a la insulina y si esta asociación se explicaba por enfermedad hepática grasa no alcohólica (NAFLD). La muestra (432 mujeres y 119 varones) se dividió por los percentilos (P) 50 y 75 de la distribución de ALT (mujeres < o = 15 y < o = 19 U/l; varones < o = 17 y < o = 23 U/l, respectivamente). Las mujeres a partir del P50 de ALT tuvieron valores más altos de índice triglicéridos (TG)/HDLc (p=0.029), glucemia (p=0.028) y de la valoración del modelo homeostático de insulino-resistencia (HOMA-IR) (p=0.045); a partir del P75 tuvieron valores más altos de presión arterial sistólica (PAS) (p=0.036), presión arterial diastólica (PAD) (p=0.018), TG (p=0.024), índice TG/HDLc (p=0.028), glucemia (p=0.004) y HOMA-IR (p=0.001). Los varones a partir del P50 de ALT tuvieron valores más altos del índice de masa corporal (p=0.017) y del índice (TG/HDLc (p=0.048); a partir del P75 mostraron valores más bajos de HDLc (p=0,042). Sólo 16.5 porciento de las mujeres y 14.5 porciento de los varones, a partir del P75 de ALT, mostraron aumento del brillo hepático en la ecografía. Este trabajo muestra, en mujeres, asociación temprana de ALT con el índice TG/HDLc y el HOMA-IR. Dado que estos dos últimos son predictores independientes del riesgo cardiovascular se debería prestar atención a los valores de ALT cercanos al límite superior aun en ausencia de NAFLD y de obesidad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Fatty Liver/complications , Insulin Resistance/physiology , Metabolic Syndrome/etiology , Biomarkers/blood , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fatty Liver , Liver , Metabolic Syndrome/blood , Metabolic Syndrome , Sex Distribution , Sex Factors , Ultrasonography
8.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 61(6): 801-9, 2001. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-300781

ABSTRACT

We conducted a study in a random sample of 1523 inhabitants (15-75 years old) of Rauch city to determine risk factors prevalence to development hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. We measured blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference, cholesterol and glucose levels, sodium excretion, and alcohol and tobacco consumption. We found a high prevalence of hypertension (43.20 per cent in men and 28.50 per cent in women), and obesity-overweight (54.81 per cent in men and 44.65 per cent in women), both of them augmented with aging. Only 4 per cent of hypertensive subjects were being controlled and only 32 per cent of them were aware of their condition. Men showed a marked increment of prevalence of hypertension and obesity-overweight between groups of 15-24 years and 25-34 years. Women had delayed and more gradual increments. In male and female respectively, the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 26.86 and 13.81, the prevalence of diabetes was 3.42 and 1.53, and the prevalence of tobacco consumption was 34.61 and 20.83. Higher BMI and waist circumference identified subjects with higher blood pressure up to 54 and 65 years, in men and women, respectively. Age and waist circumference in the whole group, and alcohol consumption in men, were independently correlated with blood pressure; sodium excretion had no correlation. High prevalence of hypertension and obesity-overweight and their association suggest that the most important primary prevention measure in this community should be to prevent obesity. Low levels of awareness indicate the need of ongoing detection programs, and low grade to control of hypertension could be modified with education programs for health providers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Hypertension , Age Distribution , Argentina , Blood Pressure , Cardiovascular Diseases , Diabetes Mellitus , Hypercholesterolemia , Hypertension , Linear Models , Obesity , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Smoking
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