ABSTRACT
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the toxic impact of hydro-alcoholic Allium jesdianum extract (AJE) on the growth of HT-29 human colorectal cancer cell line. Phytochemical analysis using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GCMS) was done to determine the bioactive components of AJE. HT-29 cells exposed to 0 (control), 25, 50, and 100 ��g/mL of AJE for 48 hours. Cell survival, colony numbers, flow cytometry, oxidative stress, and gene expression were examined to evaluate the toxic impacts of the AJE. Twelve different phyto-constituents with peak areas were determined by the GCMS analysis. The major compounds were Allicin and α-Pinene. AJE considerably reduced the viability and colony numbers of the HT-29 cells. The AJE concentration-dependently increased necrosis, but not apoptosis in the HT-29 cells. AJE upregulated the expression of necroptosis-associated genes including RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL in a concentration-dependent manner. AJE also dose-dependently enhanced MDA contents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and diminished antioxidant enzyme level in the HT-29 cells. These data collectively indicated that AJE prevented the growth of the HT-29 cells by inducing oxidative stress, and activation necroptosis signaling pathways.
Subject(s)
Humans , Allium/toxicity , Colorectal Neoplasms , Oxidative Stress , NecroptosisABSTRACT
Aims: Magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH)2) is an alkaline compound that is used as an anti-acid and laxative agent. The objective of the study was to find the effect of electrolyte concentration and polymers on the rheological behavior of Mg (OH)2 suspension. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nanotechnology Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. Methodology: To evaluate the effect of structural vehicle, some suspending agents such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), tragacanth and magnesium aluminum silicate (Veegum) alone or in combination were utilized. NaCl (0.01 and 0.05 wt/vol %) was employed as flocculating agents. Physical stability parameters such as sedimentation volume, and the ease of redispersion of the suspensions were evaluated. After incorporation of structural vehicles, the rheological properties of formulations were also studied to find out their rheological behavior. Results: The results showed that the combination of suspending agents had the most physical stability and pseudoplastic behavior with some degree of thixotropy. NaCl as flocculating agent (0.01 wt/vol %) in formulations containing tragacanth and CMC improved the rheological behavior of suspensions and sedimentation volume, while the presence of PVP could not affect these properties. Conclusion: The results showed that viscosity and thixotropy measurement are a reliable factor to study suspension stability.