Effect of closantel on some blood parameters, histopathological changes and fetal development in pregnant female rabbits

The effect of closantel on some blood parameters, histopathological changes and fetal development was studied on 3 groups of 10 pregnant rabbits each. The first group was used as a control whereas, the other groups were injected subcutaneously with closantel in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight twice with one week apart at days 0 [day of mating] and 7of pregnancy [group A] and days 6 and 13 of pregnancy [group B]. The results revealed increased gamma-globulin concentration in the 20[th] and 28[th] day of pregnancy in both groups. Esinophil and monocyte numbers were significantly increased in the 20[th] and 28[th] day of pregnancy in group A and in the 28[th] of pregnancy in group B. There was no significant effect of the treatment on total leukocytic count, numbers of lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophiles and red blood cells. Hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume [PCV], total protein, albumin, and globulin in the blood [alpha and beta] were within normal levels. Histopathological examination demonstrated activation in the mesenteric lymph nods, spleenic corpuscles and thymus gland in treated animals at both periods. Atretic oocytes in primary follicles in the ovary of the treated rabbits at day 0 and 7 of pregnancy and necrotic changes in hepatic parenchyma and urinefrous tubules were clearer in rabbits treated at days 6 and 13 of pregnancy. The anthelmentic closantel did not cause embryonic or teratogenic effects in rabbits. It is concluded that closantel has immune stimulatory effects which may contribute to the death of the parasite. It decreased the ovulation rate so it is highly advisable to avoid exposure of females to the drug during ovulation time. The drug also caused some necrotic changes in liver and urineferous tubules. It is contraindicated in animals having liver and kidney problems

Biochemical changes in uterine flushings of repeat-breeder buffaloes

This study was conducted to determine some biochemical alterations of uterine flushings in relation to uterine condition. For this reason, uterine flushings from 50 repeat-breeder buffalo-cows and 10 apparently normal buffalo-cows [control] were collected via Foley's balloon catheter using 40 ml sterile normal saline. Total protein concentration [T.P.], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine arnino transferase [ALT] activities of the collected uterine flushings were determined. The mean values of T.P., ALP, LDH, AST and ALT of uterine flushings collected from repeat-breeder buffalo-cows were significantly higher than those of apparently normal buffalo-cows. This study indicates that the biochemical alterations [total protein and enzymatic activities] of uterine flushings can be used for diagnosis of endometritis along with microbiological isolations

Clinicopathological studies on fascioliasis among sheep in Giza province

The present study was carried out on 60 balady sheep of 3-5 years old belonged to several private farms located in Giza province. By clinical and laboratory diagnostic methods, 45 animals were proved to be naturally infested with Fasciola gigantica [infested group], the other 15 were healthy and served as the control group. Some biochemical and haematological parameters were evaluated. The results revealed significant hypoproteinaemia associated with significant hypoalbuminaemia and non significant hyperglobulinaemia were recorded in the infested group. Significant decrease in serum glucose and total cholesterol accompanied with significant increase in serum total bilirubin and both the direct and indirect bilirubin in naturally infested sheep. The enzymatic activities of the infested group showed significant elevation in serum AST, ALT and ALP with non significant alteration in serum level of LDH. The haemogram of the infested sheep showed significant deceased level of RBCs count, PCV and Hb content accompanied with leukocytosis