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ABSTRACT Objective To characterize the immunophenotypic profile of acute leukemias in the population of the state of Bahia, Brazil. Methods This is a descriptive, retrospective study. From 2014 to 2018, 796 new cases of acute leukemia were evaluated. The data were obtained from analysis of reports and records of tests performed by flow cytometry immunophenotyping. All individuals of all age groups diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia were included in the study. Demographic variables and expression of leukemia antigens were evaluated. Results Most cases were diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia and 42.7% as acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Significant differences were found in expression of markers in acute leukemias when age groups were compared, as well as in demographic characteristics. B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia was more prevalent than cases of T-cell origin. Assessing the aberrant markers in acute myeloid leukemias, the non-acute promyelocytic leukemia group presented expression of CD7 and CD56 as the most frequent ones. In B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most frequent aberrant markers were CD66c, CD13 and CD33. Conclusion Significant differences were found as to several antigens when comparing adults and children, and these findings may contribute to future studies correlating the phenotypic profile to genetic characteristics and therapeutic response, including specific antigen therapies, which may be better targeted.
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The shortage of dog blood donors in veterinary emergencies can lead to blood transfusions between animals whose blood type has not been identified. The antibody profile serves as a warning sign for animals that require a second blood transfusion, which is only advisable from compatible donor dogs. This article focuses on determination of anti-DEA 1 antibodies using the flow cytometry technique in dogs that have undergone a transfusion using DEA 1-positive blood, compared to results obtained from crossmatching. Blood from 18 DEA 1-positive donors ranked according to the chromatographic technique was used to transfuse thirty-three animals with unknown blood types and which demonstrated negative crossmatching to donors. On post-transfusion days 7, 14, 21 and 28, 45% and 27% of the animals tested positive for the anti-DEA 1 antibody, through crossmatching and flow cytometry, respectively. Detecting antibodies using the flow cytometric technique has high specificity and sensitivity, while crossmatching methods are highly sensitive but manifest low specificity. Following blood transfusion, animals that did not present as positive through crossmatching or flow cytometry were considered different from all other DEA 1-positive blood groups.(AU)
A escassez de cães doadores de sangue em situações de emergência na Medicina Veterinária pode levar a realização de transfusões de sangue entre animais que não tiveram seu tipo sanguíneo previamente determinado. O padrão de anticorpos serve como um sinal de alerta para animais que serão submetidos a uma segunda transfusão sanguínea, sendo essa somente recomendável a partir de cães doadores compatíveis. Este artigo aborda a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-AEC 1 pela técnica de citometria de fluxo em cães que receberam uma transfusão utilizando sangue do grupo AEC 1 positivo, comparando os resultados com aqueles obtidos a partir de reação cruzada. Foi utilizado sangue de 18 animais doadores do tipo AEC 1 positivo classificados por técnica cromatográfica para transfundir trinta e três animais com tipos sanguíneos desconhecidos, os quais mostraram reação cruzada negativa aos doadores. Nos dias 7, 14, 21 e 28 pós-transfusão, 45% e 27% dos animais mostraram-se positivos para os anticorpos anti-AEC 1, respectivamente, pela reação cruzada e através de citometria de fluxo. A pesquisa de anticorpos com o emprego da técnica de citometria de fluxo tem alta especificidade e sensibilidade, enquanto a reação cruzada, altamente sensível, tem baixa especificidade. Animais que não apresentaram positividade após a transfusão de sangue na reação cruzada e na citometria de fluxo concomitantemente foram considerados de qualquer outro grupo sanguíneo diferente do grupo sanguíneo AEC 1 positivo.(AU)