ABSTRACT
For the evaluation on the efficacy of activated charcoal as an antidote in acute diquat poisoning, the adsorption characteristics of diquat in distilled water and in physiological saline solution were investigated.<BR>The amount of diquat adsorbed onto activated charcoal in physiological saline solution was larger than that in distilled water. The enhancing effect of sodium chloride on diquat removal by activated charcoal was observed.<BR>The adsorption rate of diquat onto activated charcoal was also enhanced by the addition of saline. The correlations between the adsorptivity for diquat and properties of activated charcoal were not significant.<BR>These results suggest that the increase of adsorptivity of activated charcoal for diquat might be due to the increase in electrostatic interaction between the surface on which an electrical double layer was formed by saline and diquat.
ABSTRACT
The effect of daily physical activity on the serum lipid level was examined. This study consisted of two parts, an epidemiological study and a laboratory study.<BR>In the epidemiological study, we investigated the relationship between serum lipids and energy expenditure in young adults females. Significant correlations were found between energy expenditure/body weight and the levels of serum HDL-cholesterol and serum triglyceride, and atherogenic index.<BR>In the laboratory study, we examined the effects of exercise on the serum lipid level. Groups of subjects took part in the programs of physical activity of two different intensities for 6 weeks, and their serum lipid levels before and after these programs were compared. Exercise regimens of increasing intensity caused a significant mean increase in the serum HDL-cholesterol level. However, these regimens did not cause any significant change in serum total cholesterol and serum triglyceride values.<BR>These results suggest that doing even light exercise on a regular basis is effective in producing an optimum serum lipid pattern in young adult females.
ABSTRACT
In search of a better primary treatment of acute boric acid poisoning, the adsorption capacity of boric acid onto activated carbon as an antidote was investigated <I>in vitro.</I><BR>Wide differences in the amount of boric acid adsorbed were recognized depending on individual activated carbons. In order to elucidate the dominant factor in boric acid adsorption, correlations between the properties of activated carbon and the amounts of boric acid adsorbed are discussed. A significant correlation was recognized between the surface pH of activated carbon and the amount of boric acid adsorbed in low equilibrium concentration. It is assumed that the surface pH of activated carbon is a chief factor affecting the amount of boric acid adsorbed.
ABSTRACT
The relationship between serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) activity and labor strength was examined.<BR>Our epidemiological study showed thar the serum CPK activity in a group of men who worked over ten hours was significantly higher than that in the other groups who worked less than ten hours. In women, the serum CPK activity in a group who worked over seven hours was significantly higher than that in the other groups. The serum CPK activity in fishermen was significantly higher than that in those engaged in other than fishery.<BR>In a laboratory study, test subjects were divided into 3 groups to perform 3 types (30%, 50%, 70% of VO<SUB>2max</SUB>) of exercise for 6 weeks. A rise in the serum CPK activity was noted in every group during exercise. The mean increase for these groups were 44.0 %, 48.1 % and 67.9 %, respectively.
ABSTRACT
In this study, the effects of excessive iodine intake on free thyroixine index (FTI) were studied, and the results are presented in the following.<BR>FTI tended to decrease during the basal diet period without wakame seaweed and the decrease tended to continue further during the periods of TEST 1 (wakame seweed 10g/day) and TEST 2 (wakame seaweed 20g/day). The trend changed in the period of TEST 3 (wakame seaweed 40g/day), and FTI rose slightly. When the basal diet was resumed after completion of experimental diets, the level returned to the base line levels measured before the beginning of the experiment.
ABSTRACT
The effects of large doses of vitamin C on serum alkaline phosphatase activity were examined in six young healthy volunteers. The experiment lasted 30 days. The results obtained were as follows.:<BR>he mean basal AL-P level in the six subjects was 5.9±2.3 K-A unit. Upon administration of 1g/day of vitamin C, the values increased to the mean of 6.9±2.6 K-A unit, while after a dose of 10g/day, the mean came to 6.8±2.1 K-A unit. All the subjects showed increased AL-P serum levels relative to the control period.
ABSTRACT
Concerning the intoxication by agricultural chemicals, adsorption removal of paraquat by activated carbons for initial treatment of paraquat intoxication in vitro was investigated. The amount of paraquat adsorbed was significantly related to the surface pH of activated carbon. It was not found the significant correlation between amount of paraquat adsorbed and physical properties of ten kinds of activated carbons.<BR>Moreover, the influence of sorbitol addition on the amount of paraquat adsorbed was studid. The amonut of paraquat adsorbed onto activated carbon was unaffected by sorbitol addition.
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to make clear a comprehensive relationship between serum transaminase activity and food intake pattern. A total of 146 young male student participated in the study.<BR>The results of the survey were as follows:<BR>1) The first factor (Fl) was a“animal-related food factor”. The second factor (F2) was considered to be a“rice versus noodles factor”. The third (F3), fourth (F4), fifth (F5) and sixth (F6) factor could not be explained simply in terms of their factor.<BR>2) Significantly negative correlations were observed between SGOT and the factor scores of Fl (r=-0.256, p<0.01), SGPT and the factor scores of Fl (r=-0.243, p<0.01), and SGPT and factor scores of F2 (r=-0.195, p<0.05), but not between SGOT or SGPT and other factors.
ABSTRACT
Relationship between serum OCT activity and nutrient intake pattern were investigated in 90 young adults. Applying multiple regression and factor analysis, we found the following results:<BR>1) Multiple regression analysis showed that the variables which correlated best with the serum OCT activity were dietary intakes of the energy, fat and vitamin C.<BR>2) In the factor analysis, no significant correlation was found between serum OCT and food intake pattern.
ABSTRACT
The effects of the food intake pattern on the activity and fraction pattern of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) were examined in 257 healthy Japanese men.<BR>Applying the technique of factor analysis to the food intake data, the following three factors were extracted. The first factor (F1): meats, eggs, and vegetables had a highly positive factor loading. The second factor (F2): wheat had a highly positive factor loading, while rice had a highly negative factor loading. This factor was considered to be a “wheat versus rice factor”. The third factor (F3) could not be explained simply in terms of its factor. The scores of the first two factors for the 257 subjects were calculated.<BR>Significantly negative correlations were observed between the percentage of GT<SUB>1</SUB> fraction and the factor score of F1 (r=-0.230, p<0.01), between the percentage of GT<SUB>1</SUB> fraction and the factor score of F2 (r=-0.187, p<0.01). The total serum γ-GTP activity was not correlated with the factor score. These results suggested that the percentage of GT<SUB>1</SUB> fraction is influenced by the pattern of food intake.
ABSTRACT
Oral adsorbents used in the primary treatment of paraquat intoxication were studied in saline to evaluate their effectiveness in terms of removal ratio and removal rate.<BR>Forty kinds of materials were tested as paraquat adsorbents.<BR>Although cation exchange resin had the greatest removal ratio for paraquat, a high removal ratio was registered by an activated carbon derived from petroleum pitch. A significant correlation between removal ratio and the degree of crosslinkage in the resin was found.<BR>The degree of paraquat concentration decrease was high when cation exchange resin was used. A significant correlation was found between the kinetic constant, which was calculated from the equation for a first-order reaction, and the degree of crosslinkage in the resin.
ABSTRACT
The effects of the serum vitamin C levels on the activity and isozyme pattern of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in males and females in their middle and old age were examined.<BR>There was no siginificant correlation among the total serum, LDH activity and serum vitamin C levels in the 87 male and 83 female ranging from 45 to 84 years of age. However, high inverse correlations were found among the percentage of LDH-4 and LDH-5 and serum vitamin C levels all of age groups (45-59 years of age group, 60-69 years of age group and over 70 years of age group) of males and females.<BR>These results suggest that the percentage of LDH-4 and LDH-5 are influenced by the vitamin C intake in males and females in their middle and old age.
ABSTRACT
Concerning the agricultural waste water treatment, adsorption removal of cresol which is one of disinfectants by commercial activated carbon was investigated.<BR>It was not found the significant correlation between amount of cresol adsorbed and physical properties of eight kinds of activated carbon. The intraparticle diffusivity of cresol onto the pores of activated carbon was significantly related to the mesopore volume.<BR>In the treatment of agricultural waste water, it is concluded that the activated carbon which is rich in mesopore volume is suitable for the adsorption removal of cresol from the standpoint of adsorption rate.
ABSTRACT
For the security of water quality in rural areas, adsorption removal of phenol which is one of disinfectants for excretions by six kinds of commercial activated carbon was investigated.<BR>At equilibrium concentration of 1 and 10 ppm, activated carbon indicated pH 10.19 adsorbed phenol as much as 2.17 and 1.84 times compared with activated carbon indicated pH 3.06, respectively. At low equilibrium concentration of phenol, the amount adsorbed was significantly influenced by surface pH of activated carbon (p <0.05).<BR>These results suggest that the difference in amount of phenol adsorbed onto activated carbon is due to the interaction between phenol and surface oxygen groups on the adsorbent. Therefore, it is concluded that the activated carbon of which surface is basic suitable for the adsorption removal of phenol in the agricultural waste waters.