ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic kidney disease is a potential threat of the 21st century, afflicting more than 50 million people all over the world. Cardiovascular diseases particularly increased left ventricular mass accounts for 40 – 50% deaths of kidney disease patients. Objective of the study: To find the factors which correlate with left ventricular hypertrophy in kidney disease patients. Materials and methods: A descriptive study was done on 75 chronic renal failure patients for a period of 6 months. Variables like proteinuria, creatinine clearance, anemia, blood pressure, serum albumin and other blood parameters were compared with left ventricular mass. Results: Of all the variables, the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate and the increased amount of protein excretion affected the left ventricular mass index (p < 0.01). The mean GFR was 25 ml/min and the mean proteinuria > 3.5 g in females with left ventricular hypertrophy (>110 g/m2 ). With the cut-off for left ventricular hypertrophy in male > 134 g/m2 , the mean GFR was 20 ml/min and the mean proteinuria more than 7 g/L. Conclusion: Measures to decrease the amount of proteinuria and the rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate will prevent significant cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients.
ABSTRACT
Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is one of the major cause of in-hospital mortality rates globally. The current study was conducted to study the etiological profile, severity and management of acute kidney injury.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study, conducted in the department general medicine, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan Medical college and Hospital, Permabalur, Tamil Nadu. The study population included all the patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with acute Kidney injury (AKI) between January 2015 to December 2016. All the study participants were recruited to the study by convenient sampling. Descriptive analysis was carried out by frequency and proportion for categorical variables.Results: A total of 100 subjects were included. Participants were almost uniformly distributed in each of a decadal age group till above 60 years. Males (57%) were slightly higher than females (43%). Oliguria was present in 88% of the study population. The most common etiology was acute diarrhoeal disease (44%), followed by multiple infections in 12% and Sepsis in 10% of the subjects. As per RIFLE criteria 46% participants were at risk, 26.0% had injury, 28% had failure. All at risk people were treated conservatively, among injury category, 38.5% were treated by haemodialysis and 3.84% by peritoneal dialysis. In failure group, 60.71% and 3.57% were treated by haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis respectively.Conclusions: Acute kidney Injury (AKI) can be a consequence of varied aetiologies and all the age groups and both the genders at risk of developing it. RIFLE criteria may be a useful tool in guiding the management