ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to figure out the association of nursing activity participation and clinical practice stress with career maturity during clinical practice among nursing college students. @*Methods@#Participants of the study were 201 nursing college students located in nationwide regions. Data collection was performed between July 18 and August 8, 2019. Data analyses were performed through an independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS WIN 25.0. @*Results@#The results of this study were as follows. We ran multiple regression analyses to see which critical factors influenced career maturity. The general characteristics significantly associated with career maturity were preference for clinical nursing, admission to nursing college due to belief, time off, and being satisfied with clinical practice. Regarding clinical practice stress, clinic environment, interpersonal relationship conflict, inappropriate role model and conflict with patients were significantly associated with career maturity. @*Conclusion@#This study suggested that, to improve nursing students’ career maturity, nursing colleges and training fields should collaboratively make an efforts to reduce students’ stress by building educational clinic environments including managing conflicts in interpersonal relationships among patients, caregivers, and medical and non-medical personnel, and improving inappropriate role models in nursing.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to figure out the association of nursing activity participation and clinical practice stress with career maturity during clinical practice among nursing college students. @*Methods@#Participants of the study were 201 nursing college students located in nationwide regions. Data collection was performed between July 18 and August 8, 2019. Data analyses were performed through an independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS WIN 25.0. @*Results@#The results of this study were as follows. We ran multiple regression analyses to see which critical factors influenced career maturity. The general characteristics significantly associated with career maturity were preference for clinical nursing, admission to nursing college due to belief, time off, and being satisfied with clinical practice. Regarding clinical practice stress, clinic environment, interpersonal relationship conflict, inappropriate role model and conflict with patients were significantly associated with career maturity. @*Conclusion@#This study suggested that, to improve nursing students’ career maturity, nursing colleges and training fields should collaboratively make an efforts to reduce students’ stress by building educational clinic environments including managing conflicts in interpersonal relationships among patients, caregivers, and medical and non-medical personnel, and improving inappropriate role models in nursing.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a nutrition and exercise education program on weight control of adult women. The subjects of this study were 28 adult women aged 20-59 years residing in the Daegu area. The nutrition-exercise educational period was 12 weeks. The collected data consisted of items on general characteristics, anthropometric data, blood biochemical values, physical strength data, dietary behavior and nutrition knowledge scores of the subjects. During the 12 weeks of weight control, body mass index (BMI), % of body fat, body fat mass and waist-hip ratio significantly decreased. The level of plasma triglyceride decreased, but not significantly. The level of total cholesterol did not change compared to baseline before the program. After the weight control program, back muscle strength, sit-ups, push-ups, and sit-and-reach tests of the subjects significantly improved. The nutrition knowledge scores of the subjects significantly increased. Therefore, these results suggest that the nutrition-exercise education program may contribute effectively to weight reduction with improvement of physical strength in adult women.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Adipose Tissue , Body Mass Index , Cholesterol , Muscle Strength , Obesity , Plasma , Waist-Hip Ratio , Weight LossABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The induction of production and production inhibition of alpha1-antichymotrypsin (ACT), IL-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha receptor and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) receptor in A beta1-42 (A beta)-stimulated U373MG cell, the human astrocytoma cell line, have never been reported. METHODS: U373MG cells (1 x 10(6) cells in RPMI-1640 media) were incubated for overnight after administration of a single dose of 20 micro M of A beta or 0.5 ng/ml of TNF alpha or both. Actinomycin D (2.5 micro M) or cycloheximide (2.5 micro M) was also added to the cell suspension. Messenger RNA expression of ACT, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha receptor and MIP-1 receptor was measured by RT-PCR. Western blot was done and nitrocellulose paper was stained with anti-ACT and anti-GFAP antibody. NF kappa B activation after treatment of A beta in U373MG cells was detected by electrophoretic mobility-shift assay. RESULTS: A beta and TNF alpha both increased production of ACT in a dose-dependent manner. TNF alpha enhanced A beta-induced mRNA had increases of ACT, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha receptor and MIP-1 alpha receptor. Activated NF kappa B was demonstrated in the A beta, TNF alpha-stimulated U373MG cells. Actinomycin suppresses mRNA level of ACT and IL-1 alpha receptor but cycloheximide inhibits the expression of ACT, IL-1 alpha and MIP-1 alpha receptor. CONCLUSIONS: TNF alpha increases synthesis of ACT, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha receptor and MIP-1 alpha receptor in A beta-stimulated astrocyte, which, as a result, may contribute to the neuroinflammation of Alzheimer's disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Alzheimer Disease , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Astrocytes , Astrocytoma , Blotting, Western , Cell Line , Collodion , Cycloheximide , Dactinomycin , Interleukin-1 , Interleukin-1alpha , Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins , NF-kappa B , RNA, MessengerABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study aims to detect any causative genetic alterations and to demonstrate any correlations of these genes in the pathogenesis of mostly late-occurring sporadic type of Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: A total of 67 registered cases of autopsy-confirmed brain tissues were analyzed. Included here was sporadic AD (n=41), vascular dementia (n=17), and non-demented physiologically aging control brains (n=9). ApoE genotyping was done with the enzymatic digestion, and allele specific PCR was done to analyze the -491 A/T polymorphism of ApoE. Detection of polymorphism of alpha 2-macroglobulin (A2M) was done with enzymatic digestion and DNA sequencing. RT-PCR products were electrophoresed to detect mRNA expression of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (ACT). RESULTS: A prevalence rate of ApoE E4 genotype (E3/E4, E4/E4) showed significantly higher in patients with AD than in patients with vascular dementia (43.8% vs. 11.7%, p=0.019). Only 1 out of 4 cases of sporadic AD was associated with the E4/E4 allele. -491A/ T polymorphism of the ApoE promoter was found only in AD (2/41 cases, 4.9%). The incidence of heterozygous allelic polymorphism with 5 bp deletions in exon 18 of A2M-2 was 4.9% (2 out of 41) in AD. Messenger RNA expression of ACT, which is closely associated with the ApoE E4 allele, was increased in AD in comparison with normal control (p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: ApoE4 genotype and ACT are closely related to the pathogenesis of late-onset sporadic AD. Neither -491 polymorphism of ApoE promoter nor A2M-2 showed close association with AD in these brain samples.