Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on learning and memory function and morphology of hippocampal neurons of rats with electrical hippocampal injuries / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) on the morphology of the hippocampal neurons of rats with electrical hippocampal injuries and evaluate its protective effects on the learning and memory function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty female SD rats were randomly divided into G-Rg1 group, saline group, sham-operated group and G-Rg1+Sham operation group. Using the stereotactic apparatus, electrical hippocampal injury was induced, not in the two sham groups, by application of direct electrical current, followed by treatments with intragastric administration of G-Rg1 or saline for 14 consecutive days. The learning and memory function of the rats was assessed with Morris water maze test. The viability and arrangement of the hippocampal neurons and the number of Nissl bodies were observed after the treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatment with G-Rg1 significantly improved the learning and memory function of rats with electrical hippocampal injury. The viability of the hippocampal neurons showed no significant changes in the two sham-operated groups (P>0.05), and the number of Nissl bodies was much lower in saline group than in the other groups (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>G-Rg1 can improve the learning and memory function of rats with electrical hippocampal injury, the mechanism of which is probably associated with its protective effect on the hippocampal neurons against electrical injury.</p>

Relationship between anti-myelin basic protein antibody and myelinoclasis in rat brain stem after brain trauma / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relations between anti-myelin basic protein antibody (anti-MBP) variation and myelinoclasis in the brain stem following brain trauma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In rat models of brain trauma, MBP content and anti-MBP titer in the blood were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at different time points after brain trauma, and the degree of myelinoclasis in the brain stem slices was assessed with osmic acid staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Early after brain trauma, MBP content in the blood increased followed by significant reduction 10 days later. Four days after the trauma, anti-MBP titer was markedly increased, accompanied by obvious exacerbation of myelinoclasis in the brain stem, both reaching the highest levels on day 10, at the point of which anti-MBP titer increased by 4 folds and the number of myelinoclasis by 10 folds compared with the control group. Anti-MBP titer and brain stem myelinolysis both lowered 30 days later. Correlation analysis showed an intimate positive correlation between anti-MBP titer and the degree of myelinoclasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>After brain trauma, MBP is released as a specific antigen into the blood to stimulate the immune system for anti-MBP production, and the antibody is intimately related to the brain stem myelinoclasis.</p>

Clinical analysis of 36 cases of sinus-straddling hematoma after craniocerebral injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relation between sinus-straddling hematoma (SSH) and venous sinus injury and explore the approaches for surgical management.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-six cases of stride sinus hematoma were reviewed to observe the incidence rate of sinus injury complicated with (SSH) and explore its surgical management.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The incidence rate of venous sinus injury following (SSH) was 80.56% (29/36), and appropriate surgical management yielded good therapeutic effect in these patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intracranial stride sinus hematoma is often accompanied by venous sinus injury, and adequate preoperative risk evaluation may improve the success rate of the operation.</p>

Association of blood and cerebrospinal fluid IgG contents and severity of craniocerebral injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) IgG contents and the severity of craniocerebral injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totalling 143 patients with craniocerebral injury were divided into 3 groups according Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, namely the mild injury group with GCS score of 12-15 (n=41), moderate injury group with GCS score of 9-11 (n=71) and severe injury group (GCS score 3-8, n=32). Another 9 patients with congenital hydrocephalus were also recruited as the control group. The CSF and blood samples were collected from these patients to measure the IgG contents 4 and 14 days and 1, 2, and 6 months after the injury, respectively. Physical disabilities of the patients were estimated with Rappaport's disability rating scale (DRS), whose correlations with CSF and blood IgG contents were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the early stage of moderate to severe brain injury, the IgG content was lowered significantly in the blood but increased in CSF as compared with the control patients (P<0.05), and the changes in CSF and blood IgG displayed a significant correlation with the severity of the injury (r=0.950, P<0.01). During the recovery of severe brain injury, DRS score was in inverse correlation with blood IgG content but in positive correlation with CSF IgG content (Spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.800, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the early stage of brain injury, detection of blood IgG content may help with the assessment of the injury severity. During the recovery of the injury, dynamic monitoring of blood and CSF IgG contents provides clues of the outcome of the patients and benefit the modification of the treatment plan.</p>