ABSTRACT
Stress cardiomyopathy is an atypical myocardial disease induced by emotional or physical stress, with the characteristic of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, transient imaging and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes. Sudden cardiac death can occur in severe cases. Clinical symptoms are likely to appear on acute myocardial infarction, but the exact pathological mechanism is unclear. In the present study, we perform a systematic review of the literature on the clinical manifestations, epidemiological characteristics, ECG, imaging and laboratory tests of stress cardiomyopathy, in order to provide the values for forensic pathology diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Diagnostic Imaging , Electrocardiography , Myocardial Infarction , Stress, Psychological , Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) mRNA expression in rats suffering from acute myocardial ischemia.@*METHODS@#SD rats were divided randomly into normal control group, myocardial ischemia group and sudden death group. The models of myocardial ischemia and sudden cardiac death were induced by intraperitoneal injection of hypophysine. The changes of RyR2 mRNA expression in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) of rats suffering from myocardial ischemia were detected by fluorescent RT-PCR technique.@*RESULTS@#The levels of RyR2 mRNA in the myocardial ischemia group and sudden death group were significant lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Myocardial ischemia may induce down-regulation of cardiac SR RyR2 mRNA expression.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Death, Sudden, Cardiac , Down-Regulation , Forensic Pathology , Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism , Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/metabolismABSTRACT
Epilepsy is a common cerebral disease, and may cause sudden death. Although electric activity study of epileptic brain had been emphasized in the past, the neuropathological study of epilepsy has become a main focus in clinical and forensic medicine recently. This article reviews the recent progress in neuropathology of epilepsy including developmental disorder, abnormal tumoral proliferation, hippocampal sclerosis, dual pathological alteration, and mossy fiber sprouting. Its significance in forensic medicine, particularly for the diagnosis of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy, is discussed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Brain/pathology , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Cause of Death , Death, Sudden/etiology , Epilepsy/physiopathology , Forensic Pathology , Hippocampus/pathology , Malformations of Cortical Development/pathology , Sclerosis/pathologyABSTRACT
Objective To detect the expression of matrix metallproteinases(MMPs) in aortic valve of children who suffered from rheumatic heart disease(RHD) and to explore the pathological role of MMPs in children′s rheumatic aortic valve disease.Methods RHD group composed of 18 aortic valves from children suffered from RHD.Controls were 8 children who were died accidentally without cardiovascular system diseases.Hematoxylin and eosin stain observing the histological characteristic of the 2 groups.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect expression of MMP2 and MMP9 on aortic valves in 2 groups.Results Hematoxylin and eosin stain showed:in RHD the valves′ structure were destroyed along with fibrous tissue proliferation,mucinous degeneration,collagen and fiber hyalinization,blood vessel and blood capillary proliferation,lymphocyte,plasmocyte,monocyte infiltration.Immunohistochemistry showed that MMP2 and MMP9 expression were significantly higher than those in the aortic of RHD(68.85?13.08,64.35?9.59) compared with control group(107.31?23.39,116.28?6.99)(t=3.92,10.18 all P
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore an method for diffuse axonal injury (DAI) diagnosis and injury time estimation, the changes of beta-APP immunoreactivity and to observe the morphology of axonal in different parts of brain after experimental DAI injury.@*METHODS@#The animal models of DAI was established according to the Marmarou's method. Immunohistochemistry and Gless staining were performed to observe the changes of beta-APP expression and the morphology of axon with the time elapsed after the DAI injury.@*RESULTS@#In the brain injury group, the morphologic changes of axon in brain stem were showed as twisted, broken and swellen at 0.5 h, and the myelin sheaths broken could be observed, the retraction ball was found at 12 h. Those morphology changes further progressed at 12h, reached to peack up to 1 d, then repaired at 3 d, and recovered at 10 d; Meanwhile the analysis of beta-APP immunoreactivity was also showed a time-dependent difference as fellows: beta-APP expression begin at 3h, increased its immunoreactivity at 12h, reached to maximize at 1 d, decreased after 3 d, returned to basal level at 10 d.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results suggest that beta-APP immunohistochemistry combine with Gless staining be sensitive methods for DAI diagnosis, they could discover the time-dependent changes of the axonal morphology.The changes beta-APP are quite regular and could be used for timing DAI injury.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/metabolism , Axons/pathology , Brain Stem/pathology , Diffuse Axonal Injury/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Staining and Labeling , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a potentially fatal connective disorder that is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with a prevalence of around 2-3 in 10000 live births. It is characterized by defects in the cardiovascular, skeletal and ocular systems. Evidence from genetic indicates that mutations in FBN1, the gene that encodes fibrillin-1 are responsible for MFS. In addition to skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular feathers, patients with MFS have also involvement of skin, integument, lungs, and muscle tissue, and the condition in sudden death is also very common due to severe abnormalities of cardiovascular system.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases/pathology , Eye Diseases/pathology , Genotype , Marfan Syndrome/pathology , Microfilament Proteins/genetics , Musculoskeletal Diseases/pathology , Mutation , PhenotypeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in different expressive parts and its relationship with the wound age during cutaneous wound healing in mice.@*METHODS@#Immunohistochemical and morphometrical analysis methods were performed on vital skin wounds.@*RESULTS@#In normal and injury mouse skin IL-10 immunoreactivity was observed in epidermal cells. The expression of IL-10 in epidermal cells was already enhanced since 1-3h after incision, and it returned to lower lever by 24h, but increased again at 48h after injury. IL-10 immunoreactivive cells under epidermis were mainly infiltrating mononuclear cells. Morphometrically, the ratio of the number of infiltrating cells was evaluated. A subsequent increase in the IL-10 positive cells was observed in the granulation tissue beyond the wound and in dermal at 6h after incision, and the maximum ratio was (51.41 +/- 3.12)% in a 72h-old wound. Then the positive cells gradually decreased (29.38 +/- 2.64)%-(5.56 +/- 4.74)% after incision 96-168h.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The expression characteristics of IL-10 in different expressive parts should be related to the wound age and morphometry of different expressive parts may be employed for determining the wound age.