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Objective:To construct and evaluate a screening and diagnostic system based on color fundus images and artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted screening for optic neuritis (ON) and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION).Methods:A diagnostic test study. From 2016 to 2020, 178 cases 267 eyes of NAION patients (NAION group) and 204 cases 346 eyes of ON patients (ON group) were examined and diagnosed in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center of Sun Yat-sen University; 513 healthy individuals of 1 160 eyes (the normal control group) with normal fundus by visual acuity, intraocular pressure and optical coherence tomography examination were collected from 2018 to 2020. All 2 909 color fundus images were as the data set of the screening and diagnosis system, including 730, 805, and 1 374 images for the NAION group, ON group, and normal control group, respectively. The correctly labeled color fundus images were used as input data, and the EfficientNet-B0 algorithm was selected for model training and validation. Finally, three systems for screening abnormal optic discs, ON, and NAION were constructed. The subject operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the ROC (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and heat map were used as indicators of diagnostic efficacy.Results:In the test data set, the AUC for diagnosing the presence of an abnormal optic disc, the presence of ON, and the presence of NAION were 0.967 [95% confidence interval ( CI) 0.947-0.980], 0.964 (95% CI 0.938-0.979), and 0.979 (95% CI 0.958-0.989), respectively. The activation area of the systems were mainly located in the optic disc area in the decision-making process. Conclusion:Abnormal optic disc, ON and NAION, and screening diagnostic systems based on color fundus images have shown accurate and efficient diagnostic performance.
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Objective:To explore the effects and possible mechanisms of melatonin combined with enriched environment on the learning and memory ability of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8).Methods:Forty-eight SAMP8 male mice aged 4 months were randomly divided into model group, enriched environment group, melatonin group and melatonin combined with enriched environment group (combined intervention group) by random number table method, with 12 mice in each group. Mice in the melatonin group and combined intervention group were subcutaneously injected with melatonin at a dose of 8 mg·kg -1·d -1, and the mice in the model group and the enriched environment group were given the same amount of normal saline instead.The mice in model group and melatonin group were raised in a standard environment, and the mice in enriched environment group and combined intervention group were raised in an enriched environment.The intervention lasted 28 days. The aging degree of mice was scored before and 28 days after the intervention. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory ability of mice. Nissl staining and TUNEL staining were used to observe the Nissl staining positive cells and apoptotic cells in the CA1 area of hippocampus.ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the hippocampus of mice. Western blot was used to detect the levels of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) 1-42, microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) phosphorylated at threonine (Thr) 205 (Tau pT205), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein in the hippocampus of mice. qRT-PCR was used to detect the levels of TLR4, NF-κB p65 mRNA in the hippocampus of mice. SPSS 22. 0 statistical software was used for repeated measure ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and LSD test. Results:(1) Aging score: after intervention, the aging scores of mice in the four groups were significantly different ( F=120.601, P<0.01). The aging scores of mice in the enriched environment group, melatonin group, and combined intervention group were lower than those in the model group (all P<0.05), while the aging score of mice in the combined intervention group was significantly lower than those in the enriched environment group and melatonin group (both P<0.05). (2) The results of the location navigation experiment showed that the time × group interaction effect of the escape latencies of mice in the four groups were significant ( F=30.524, P<0.001). From the 2nd to 4th day, the escape latencies of mice in the enriched environment group, melatonin group and combined intervention group were all lower than that in the model group (all P<0.05). The results of the space exploration experiment showed that the residence time in the target quadrant and the number of platform crossings of mice in the four groups were significantly different ( F=291.328, 113.482, both P<0.01). The residence time in the target quadrant ((29.45±1.70)s, (32.44±1.55)s, (37.48±0.84) s) and the number of platform crossings ((6.44±0.61) times, (7.16±0.70) times, (12.60±1.23) times) of mice in the enriched environment group, melatonin group and combined intervention group were higher than those in the model group ((15.07±1.28) s, (4.10±0.61) times), while the residence time in the target quadrant and the number of platform crossings of mice in the enriched environment group and the melatonin group were significantly lower than those in the combined intervention group (all P<0.05). (3) Nissl and TUNEL staining showed that the number of Nissl positive neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region of mice in the four groups were significantly different ( F=809.264, P<0.01), and the number of apoptotic cells in the hippocampal CA1 region were also significantly different ( F=1 060.583, P<0.01). The number of Nissl stained positive neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region of mice in the combined intervention group was more than those in the model group, enriched environment group, and melatonin group (all P<0.05), and the number of apoptotic cells were less than those in the model group, enriched environment group, and melatonin group (all P<0.05). (4) The results of ELISA assay showed that there were significantly different in the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus of mice in the four groups ( F=152.887, 63.506, 432.026, all P<0.01). The contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus of mice in the enriched environment group, melatonin group, and combined intervention group were lower than those in the model group(all P<0.05). Among them, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in the hippocampus of mice in the enriched environment group and melatonin group were significantly higher than those in the combined intervention group (all P<0.05). (5) Western blot analysis showed that there were significantly different in the protein expression levels of Aβ1~42, tau pT205, TLR4, NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice in the four groups ( F=122.349, 98.934, 201.635, 116.553, all P<0.01). The protein expression levels of Aβ1-42, tau pT205, TLR4, and NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice in the enriched environment group, melatonin group, and combined intervention group were lower than those in the model group.Among them, the protein expression levels of Aβ1-42, tau pT205, TLR4, NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice in the enriched environment group and melatonin group were significantly higher than those in the combined intervention group (all P<0.05). (6) qRT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice in the four groups were significantly different ( F=42.913, 102.446, both P<0.01). The mRNA expression levels of TLR4 ((0.63±0.05), (0.55±0.04), (0.42±0.03)) and NF-κB p65 ((0.98±0.06), (0.82±0.04), (0.72±0.04)) in the hippocampus of mice in the enriched environment group, melatonin group and combined intervention group were lower than those in the model group ((0.74±0.07), (1.20±0.05)) (all P<0.05). Among them, the mRNA expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus of mice in the enriched environment group and melatonin group were significantly higher than those in the combined intervention group (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Melatonin combined with enriched environment can improve the learning and memory ability and neuroinflammatory response of SAMP8 mice, and its mechanism may be related with the down-regulation of TLR4/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.
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Objective:To explore the use of Delphi method and superiority chart to construct flipped classroom teaching index evaluation system.Methods:Delphi method was applied to conduct expert consultation, and the superiority chart was used to calculate the weight of each index of the flipped classroom teaching evaluation system. SPSS 17.0 was used to statistically analyze the importance assignment of indicators.Results:After two rounds of correspondence consultation, the evaluation system of flipped classroom teaching mode was established, with 3 first-level indicators with weights of (0.32, 0.56 and 0.12); 6 second-level indicators with weights of (0.45, 0.55, 0.56, 0.44, 0.55 and 0.45) and 20 third-level indicators.Conclusion:Delphi method can not be substituted for other methods of mathematical statistics. In terms of weight determination, compared with analytic hierarchy process (ahp), the superiority chart does not need to establish judgment matrix, or to conduct consistency test. This method is simple to operate, time-saving and labor-saving, and is worthy of extensive promotion.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of miR-129-3p on the proliferation, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting E2F transcription factor 5 (E2F5).Methods:The expression of miR-129-3p and E2F5 in different liver cancer cell lines and normal liver cell lines were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HepG2 cell lines overexpressing miR-129-3p were constructed, thiazole blue cell proliferation assay and plate cloning test were used to detect the proliferation and clone formation ability of each cell. Cell scratch assay and transwell assay were used to detect cell migration and invasion. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression. The targeting relationship between miR-129-3p and E2F5 was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene method and western blotting. The experimental groups were as follows: non-transfection (NC) group; transfection control miR-con (miR-con) group; transfection of miR-129-3p (miR-129-3p) group; co-transfection of miR-129-3p and empty vector pcDNA (miR-129-3p+ pcDNA) group; co-transfection of miR-129-3p and pcDNA-E2F5 (miR-129-3p+ pcDNA-E2F5) group.Results:The expression of miR-129-3p in MHCC-97H, HepG2, LM3, Hep3B, PLC, HUH7 were all lower than that of HL-7702, the difference were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The number of cell clones [(86.56±20.84) vs. (511.29±45.03)and(509.78±40.81)], the cell migration rate [(3.03±1.29)% vs. (15.01±2.30)% and(14.99±2.31)%], the relative expression of migration-related protein MMP-2 [(0.51±0.22)vs.(1.87±0.30)and(1.84±0.35)]and the number of transmembrane cells [(33.10±1.58) vs. (101.23±0.31) and (100.96±3.44)] in miR-129-3p group were all decreased when compared with NC group and miR-Con group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Dual luciferase reporting assay showed that miR-129-3p can negatively target E2F5 and inhibit its expression. Conclusion:The expression level of miR-129-3p is low in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, overexpression of miR-129-3p can inhibit the malignant biological behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting E2F5.
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Primary liver cancer (PLC) includes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (CC).In recent years, the incidence of PLC has increased significantly in the world.At present, the therapy for liver cancer tends to diversify, but surgical resection is still the first choice and the most effective treatment for HCC in general.As the biomedical, evidence-based medicine, and medical humanities are proposed, to achieve the best therapeutic effect and minimize the trauma has become the goal of modem surgery.Moreover, this could promote the transformation of surgical model from traditional experiential surgery to precision surgery.Besides, as the critical techniques of treating HCC in preoperative evaluation,operative procedures, perioperative management and the innovation of surgical instruments develop fast, precise liver resection has come into being.And now this concept is getting more and more attention from hepatobiliary surgeons.In this paper, the progress on the application of precise liver resection in the treatment of PLC is reviewed based on the preoperative evaluation and intraoperative procedures.
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Objective To argue whether the Chinese version of Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) can be used to evaluate emotional intelligence of nursing students through studying its reliability and validity,and provide basis for the study of emotional intelligence of nursing students.Methods Using stratified random sampling method,Chinese version of EIS compiled by Wang Caikang was used to carry out the questionnaire survey among university and college students of different nursing specialty,using Cronbach coefficient alpha and factor analysis method to study the reliability and validity.Results Each dimension and total reliability of the Chinese version of EIS were 0.735,0.815,0.801,0.790,0.821.Through the principal component analysis,four common factors were extracted,the cumulated variance contribution of the four factors was 55.468％.Conclusions Chinese version of EIS has good reliability and validity,which is fully applicable to nursing students' emotional intelligence research.
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Objective To explore how to use Epidata and SPSS software in process of coding,entry and statistical analysis of multiple choice conveniently and quickly.Methods On the basis of the hospital demands for nursing graduates behavior questionnaire,Epidata and SPSS software was adopted to realize information coding,entry and statistical analysis of multiple choice,directional selection problem,sort multiple-choice questions.Results Through examples show,a combination of the two software carried on reasonable coding,entry and processing in the three different types of multiple-choice questions,involved in the hospital demands for nursing graduates behavior questionnaire,and gave registration interface of Epidata software,multiple choice encoding and SPSS data analysis process.Conclusions The combination of the two kinds of software can greatly improve the speed of data entry,especially when the data sample is large.
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Objective To investigate the statistical.method for analyzing nurse job burnout Data. Methods Hotelling T2 test and multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA)were used to analyze nurse job burnout datum. Results There was statistical significance between different cities,different ethnieities in the personal achievements,hut from three dimensions of the whole job burnout,there are no statistical sig-nificant differences among different cities, different ethnicities and different ages. Conclusions The use of Hotelling T2 test and multivariate analysis of variance to analyzing nurse job burnout data, not only ob-tain overall conclusion, and further use of single-variable analysis may also gain comparative results of each dimensions.