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Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of peramivir trihydrate in patients with influenza.Methods This was a randomized,double-blind,double-dummy,placebo and positive control,multicenter clinical trial,comparing peramivir trihydrate with oseltamivir and placebo.The inclusive criteria were 15-70 years old,onset within 48 h,positive rapid influenza antigen test,and febrile(＞38℃) accompanied with at least two associated symptoms.The severe cases complicated with chronic pulmonary and cardiac diseases,malignancies,organ transplantation,hemodialysis,uncontrolled diabetes,immunocompromised status,pregnancy and coexistence of bacterium infections were excluded.All patients were randomized 2:2:1 to receive peramivir,oseltamivir and placebo respectively.The primary endpoint was the disease duration,the secondary endpoints included time to normal axillary temperature and normal living activities,viral response,and adverse effects.Results Following informed consent,133 patients were included in this study.Four patients were exclude due to missing medical records,not fitting inclusion or exclusion criteria and poor compliance.A total of 129 patients were finally analyzed,including 49 cases,54 cases and 26 cases in peramivir group,oseltamivir group and placebo group.The median disease duration were 96 (76,120)hours,105(90,124) hours,and 124 (104,172)hours in three groups respectively(P＞0.05).The time to normal axillary temperature,normal living activities and viral response were not significantly different in three groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The value of antiviral therapy in patients with mild influenza needs to be further determined.
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Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of serum brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)in chron-ic cor pulmonale of different period.Methods According to the inclusion criteria,we recruited 216 cases from heart and respiratory medicine(including outpatients and inpatients)of Qingyuan People 's Hosptial from April 2013 to December 2014.All the cases were divided into healthy control group(group A,n =48),cor pulmonale heart function compensatory period group(group B,n =43),cor pulmonale right heart failure group(group C,n =45),the simple left heart failure group(D group,n =40)and the whole heart failure group(group E,n =40).The serum BNP value,pul-monary function,echocardiography were detected.We compared the differences amomg them with correlation analysis, and drew the ROC curves to obtain the best cutoff point.Results The BNP value was higher in group C(495.44 ± 219.90)ng/L than group B[(182.44 ±69.71)ng/L,P <0.001],while the value was higher in group D(882.57 ± 288.56)ng/L and E(891.78 ±256.45)ng/L than group C(P <0.001).In cor pulmonale groups,BNP was positive-ly correlated with RV,RVOT,and PASP,negatively correlated with FEV1 ,and not correlated with LVEF %.In group D and E,BNP was negatively correlated with LVEF %.The best cutoff point of BNP was 285.3ng/L between cor pul-monale heart function compensatory period group(group B)and cor pulmonale right heart failure group(group C). The best cutoff point of BNP was 764.2ng/L between cor pulmonale right heart failure group(group C)and the whole heart failure group(group E).Conclusion There is certain correlation between serum BNP level and the progress of chronic cor pulmonale.Dynamic monitoring of serum BNP level in the judgement of treating cor pulmonale is of certain reference significance.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Found in inflammatory zone 1 (FIZZ1) protein increased in pulmonary epithelial cells and in limited amounts of other lung cells. FIZZ1 increased in murine model of smoke induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the direct role of FIZZ1 produced by pulmonary epithelium stimulated with cigarette smoke extraction has not been determined. We examined the expression and function of FIZZ1 in rat lung epithelial L2 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The rat lung epithelial L2 cells (CCL 149) were exposed to cigarette smoke extraction, expression of FIZZ1 mRNA was investigated by RT-PCR. Levels of FIZZ1 protein were detected by Western blotting and laser confocal microscope. CCL 149 cells were treated with different concentrations and for different time of recombinant protein FIZZ1. After treatment, the expression levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When CCL 149 cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extraction, FIZZ1 mRNA and protein levels expressed significantly higher than control group. Recombinant protein FIZZ1 promoted the expression of IL-8 in a dose and time dependent manner in a certain range.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Cigarette smoke extraction activates FIZZ1 at mRNA and protein levels in CCL 149 cells. Recombinant protein FIZZ1 induces the expression of IL-8 and may thus participate in the process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease airway inflammation and airflow obstruction. Generally, immune cells such as macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes are unavoidably involved in airway inflammatory and immune responses to cigarette smoke, but it is still unclear whether their involvement in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is based on the specific expression in lung epithelial cells of FIZZ1.</p>
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Animals , Rats , Cell Line , Disease Models, Animal , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Epithelial Cells , Metabolism , Interleukin-8 , Genetics , Metabolism , Nerve Growth Factor , Genetics , Metabolism , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Genetics , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , SmokingABSTRACT
ischemia reperfusion model .DADLE might have a protective effect on lung tissues of ALI in rats .
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Objective To investigate the association between CHI3L1 polymorphism and asthma in the Han population of Guangdong,and to explore the clinical values of chitinase-like protein YKL-40 in evaluating disease severity and monitoring the progression of the disease.Methods Total 251 objects were divided into asthma group (n=150)and control group(n=101).The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)at CHI3L1 gene was detected with Massarray method. The serum YKL-40 levels, total IgE levels, peripheral blood eosinophil percentage (Eos%)of the obj ects in asthma and control groups were detected. The asthma patients were divied into asthma exacergation group and stable group,and the serum YKL-40 levels were compared.Results The distribution of A/G at rs3806448 of CHI3L1 had significant difference between asthma and control groups (P<0.01 ), and the frequency of A allele at rs3806448 of the patients in asthma group was significantly higher than that in control group (OR= 1.93,95% CI=1.30-2.62,χ2=11.6,P<0.01).The serum YKL-40 levels,total IgE and Eos% of the patients with AA at rs3806448 were higher than those of the patients with GG or AG at rs3806448 (P<0.05);the FEV1% of the patients with AA was lower than those of the patients with GG or AG at rs3806448(P<0.01). The serum YKL-40 level of the patients in asthma group was significantly higher than that in normal control group (P<0.01),and the serum YKL-40 level of the patients in asthma exacergation group was higher than those in asthma stable group and normal control group(P<0.01).The serum YKL-40 level of the patients in asthma group was positively correlated with the peripheral blood Eos% and total IgE level(rEos=0.348,rIgE=0.437,P<0.01), and was negatively correlated with the lung function(r=-0.745,P<0.01). Conclusion The polymorphism of CHI3L1-rs3806448 may correlate with asthma of Han population in Guangdong area.The serum YKL-40 may be a new biomarker to evaluate asthma disease severity and helpful for monitoring illness stage.
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Objective To investigate the current status of prevalence, prevention and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in rural area in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey of COPD was conducted in Beijing city, Shanghai city, Guangdong province, Liaoning province,Tianjin city, Chongqing province and Shanxi province. A population-based cluster sample was randomly selected from each rural area. In the selected community,all residents at least 40 years old were recruited,and interviewed with a modified standardized questionnaire from the international burden of obstructive lung diseases (BOLD) study. All participants were tested with spirometry. Those with airflow limitation were performed on post-bronchedilator spirometry. The post-bronchedilator a ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) less than 70% was defined as the diagnostic criteria of COPD. Results (1) Data of 9434 participants was valid for analysis, with a valid response rate of 83. 6% ;the prevalence of COPD in rural was 8. 8% (830/9434), 12. 8% in male and 5.4% in female. (2)The percentage of smoking and the exposure to biomass smoke in rural was 43. 0% (4059/9434) and 83. 1% (7835/9434) respectively; cigarettes cessation rate was 17.5% ; only 12. 4% ( 502/4059 ) of smokers had received advice to quit smoking. (3) Among COPD patients, only 30. 0% (249/830) had ever been diagnosed as COPD, bronchitis, emphysema, or asthma, 2. 4% (20/830) had ever received spirometric tests, and 74. 5% were current smokers; only 7.9% (50/634)COPD patients in stage two or over had received regular drug treatment. Conclusion There was high prevalence and poor prevention and management for COPD in rural areas. Therefore, an enforced prevention and management for COPD are urgent.
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Implementing of"the center of students"teaching model demands that the old conception of teachers and students and the methods of medical education should be changed,teachers’construction and teaching condition in university should be strengthened,and evaluating system should also be reformed in clinical medical education,which will be in favor of students’ clinical thinking ability and improve the clinical teaching effect.
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Objective To explore the role of the sensory neuropeptide in the chronic cough induced by postnasal drip syndrome(PNDs).Methods Patients of PNDs with and without chronic cough who came to the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji Nan University between Mar.2004 and Sep.2005 were enrolled and induced sputum by hypertonic saline aerosol inhalation was performed.Twenty-three cases of PNDs with chronic cough and 16 cases of PNDs without chronic cough were collected.Substance P(SP)and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)in the supernatant of the induced sputum were measured by radioimmunoassay.Results SP and CGRP in the supernatant of the induced sputum were significantly higher in the patients with chronic cough induced by PNDs[SP(345.14?72.58)mg/L,CGRP(573.78?210.96)mg/L]as compared with those normal subjects[SP(168.14?56.97)mg/L,CGRP(227.69?70.84)mg/L,P
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OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of ligustrazine on the SCGRP and on the expression of CGRP,PDGF and bFGF in the lung of CHPH rats.METHOD:A stable rat modle of CHPH was established.The serum CGRP levels were mesured by enzyme immunoassay.The expression of CGRP,PDGF and bFGF in lumg were observed by immunohistochemical method.RESULTS:①The SCGRP level of H group was significantly lower than that of N group (P＜0.01) but no difference between the H+Li group and H group (P＞0.05).②The expression of CGRP,PDGF and bFGF increased obviously in lung tissue of H group,whereas the expression of bFGF and PDGF of H+Li group reduced obviously but that of CGRP was not influenced.CONCLUSION:SCGRP reduction and expression increasion increasion of PDGF.bFGF have close relation with the formation of CHPH;Inhibiting the expression of PDGF.bFGF may be an aspect of the mechanism of preventing and treating HPH by ligustrazine.