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Subject(s)
Bone and Bones , Carbocyanines , Cell Culture Techniques , Coculture Techniques , Collagen , Collagenases , Drug Combinations , Durapatite , Endothelial Cells , Laminin , Lipoproteins , Magnetics , Magnets , Mandible , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Molar, Third , Nylons , Osteoblasts , Osteogenesis , Perchlorates , Periosteum , ProteoglycansABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Humans , Collagen , Drug Combinations , Durapatite , Endothelial Cells , Laminin , ProteoglycansABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Humans , Alkaline Phosphatase , Ascorbic Acid , Calcium , Cell Culture Techniques , Cell Proliferation , Dexamethasone , Durapatite , Mandible , Molar, Third , Osteoblasts , Osteocalcin , Phenotype , RNA, Messenger , StrontiumABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There is a need to prepare an adequate blood supply because of the imbalance between the blood supply and demand and the advent of an aging society. This paper presents the basic data for the blood supply and demand through an estimation of the blood donation and blood usage over the next ten years. METHODS: Data analysis was carried out using time-series methods. The data for the monthly blood donation from the Korean Red Cross from 1992 to 2004 was used to estimate the blood donation, and data of the blood supply from the Korean Red Cross and hospitals from 2000 to 2004 for the estimation of the blood supply for transfusion. In order to overcome the limits of the time-series methods, one prospect excluding the data from the year 2004 and the other prospect including the data from the year 2004 were analyzed simultaneously. RESULTS: According to the analysis performed with data from the year 2004 excluded, blood donation rate is expected to decrease to 2.5% in 2015 and the total blood demand (1,435,903 units), which is composed of RBC and single donor platelet, is expected to exceed the total blood donation (1,408,244 donors) by 2015. According to the analysis performed with the data from the year 2004 included, the blood donation rate is expected to decrease to 1.3% in 2015 and the total blood demand (1,760,219 units) is expected to exceed the total blood donation (1,639,042 donors) in 2009. CONCLUSION: A shortage of blood supply is expected to occur during the next ten years. In order to eliminate this blood shortage, a national data management system for blood collection and usage will be needed. In addition, adequate donor resources as well as a monitoring system will be needed to improve the efficiency of blood usage.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aging , Blood Donors , Blood Platelets , Red Cross , Statistics as Topic , Tissue DonorsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the cytokine released from the white blood cells (WBC) in the stored platelet concentrates may induce febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions. Few studies, however, have examined the effects of cytokine on platelet activation. METHODS: The platelets from healthy donors were incubated with interleukin (IL) at the final concentration of IL-8 0.5 ng/mL, 3 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL, and IL-6 0.1 ng/mL, 0.5 ng/mL, 1 ng/mL, 5 ng/mL, respectively. The activated platelets were stained with monoclonal antibodies of PAC-1 and CD62, and were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The ranges of mean percent of PAC-1 and CD62 expressions on platelets were 61.1-71.4% and 9.0-12.5% by incubating with IL-8, and 69.0-73.4% and 13.0-13.9% with IL-6, respectively. There were no significant differences of PAC-1 and CD62 expressions on platelets among the various concentrations of IL-8 nor IL-6. In 0.5 ng/mL concentration, the mean percentage of CD62 expressions on platelets by incubating with IL-6 (13.8%) were greater than that of IL-8 (9.0%). CONCLUSION: During the period of the storage of platelet concentrates, the IL-6 and IL-8 secreted by WBC can activate platelets and thus the suppression of the cytokine secretion may be important for increasing post-transfusional survival of platelets.
Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Blood Group Incompatibility , Blood Platelets , Flow Cytometry , Interleukin-6 , Interleukin-8 , Interleukins , Leukocytes , Platelet Activation , Tissue DonorsABSTRACT
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Korea , Malocclusion , Mandible , Maxilla , Orthognathic Surgery , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Backgroud: To evaluate the appropriateness of the requests of the emergency transfusions, 3 year experiences in the use of the immediate-spin crossmatched blood(ISMB) for emergency transfusions in tertiary hospital were reviewed. METHODS: Low-isotonic salt solution was used as a cell suspension and crossmatchings were continued including antiglobulin phase after issuing of the ISMB. The number of cases, the issuing time, sex, age, reasons for emergency transfusions and vital signs of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. Only cases of massive transfusions and classes III and IV according to the Advanced Trauma Life Support(ATLS) classification were considered appropriate. RESULTS: 1. The total number of emergency transfusions were 614 and 0.53 cases per day. The average age of the patients was 44.7+/-17.8 and male to female ratio was 2:1. And 357 cases(58.2%) were performed during off hours when the hospital was not fully staffed. 2. Six hundred thirteen cases(99.8%) were transfused with compatible blood. However, one case(0.2%) was found to have anti-E antibody during the emergency transfusion. 3. Massive transfusion was performed only in 32% of the total cases and the reasons of emergency transfusions in remaining cases were upper gastrointestinal bleeding(53%), trauma(19.2%) and obstetrical problems(16.8%). 4. Of the total 519 cases reviewed, 392 cases(75.5%) were considered appropriately, and 127 cases(24.5%) were considered inappropriately selected for emergency transfusions. CONCLUSIONS: One fourth of emergency transfusions was found to be inappropriate. We believe that the use of ISMB for emergency transfusions should be carefully requested by physicians and educational programs for the use of ISMB is clearly indicated for emergency transfusion management.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Classification , Emergencies , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers , Vital SignsABSTRACT
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in childhood is a rare hematologic malignancy and its classification has been the subject of some controversy. Cases of pediatric MDS are subdivided into those with features of adult-type MDS and those with myeloproliferative features occasionally observed in infancy and early childhood. There appears to be an international consensus to rename the disease juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), which includes all leukemias of childhood previously classed as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML), and infantile monosomy 7 syndrome. We experienced a 6-month-old female infant with JMML who developed extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis. The patient developed abdominal distention, hepatosplenome-galy, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis with significant monocytosis and was found to have a high hemoglobin F level of 30%. Her bone marrow biopsy section and aspirate smears revealed normocellularity with no increment of blast cells and no dysplastic changes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a normal 46, XX karyotype. Her liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and appendix were found to be heavily infiltrated by partially differentiated myelomonocytic cells. These findings supported the diagnosis of JMML with extensive extramedullary hematopoiesis.