Degradation kinetics of larotaxel and identification of its degradation products in alkaline condition / 药物分析学报

Larotaxel, a new taxane compound prepared by partial synthesis from 10-deacetyl baccatin Ⅲ, is active against tumors. In this research, a selective LC–MS method was developed and validated for the study of degradation kinetics of larotaxel, which was carried out in aqueous solutions with different pH (1.5, 3.0, 5.0, 6.5, 7.4, 9.0, 10 and 11.0) and temperature (0, 25, 37 and 45 °C). The linear range was 0.5–25μg/mL, the intra-and inter-day precisions were less than 7.0%, and accuracy ranged from 97.4–104.5% for each analyte. The observed rate obtained by measuring the remaining intact larotaxel was shown to follow first-order kinetics. The activation energies for degradation were 126.7 and 87.01 kJ/mol at pH 1.5 and 11, respectively. Although larotaxel was stable in pH 5, 6.5 and 7.4 buffers at 37 °C for 24 h during our study, increasing or decreasing the pH of the solutions would decrease its stabilities. Moreover, three main degradation products in alkaline condition were separated by HPLC and identified by Q–TOF–MS. The three degradation products were confirmed as 10-deacetyl larotaxel, 7, 8-cyclopropyl baccatin Ⅲ and 10-deacetyl-7, 8-cyclopropyl baccatin Ⅲ.

Research on training effect of the standardized training program for resident physicians by using Kirkpatrick's model / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of the standardized training program for resident physicians in Ruijin Hospital,and analyse the problems so as to provide reference to improve the training.Methods Questionnaire surveys were conducted among 113 resident physicians,31 teachers and 43 head nurses in Rujin Hospital by using the simple random sampling and 300.The data was analysed by Kirkpatrick's model in four layers including reaction layer,learning layer,behaviors layer and results layer.Data of reation layer was analysed by ANOVA and data of behaviors layer was compared by paired t-test.Results Reaction layer:the resident physicians' overall satisfaction score for the training is 3.45.Learning layer:all resident doctors participating in the training passed all the exams organised by the hospital.Behaviors layer:Residents made a great progress in many aspects after the standardized training program,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01) according to the analysis of all questionnaires written by residents,clinical teachers and head nurses.Results layer:both the patient complaint rate and the accident rate of the 113 resident physicians was 0 while they all passed the National Medical Licensing Examination and the employment rate was 100％.Conclusions the standardized training program for resident physicians in Ruijin Hospital gets fairly good effect.Resident doctors' quality and ability in many aspects are improved and the overall satisfaction for the training is high,but in salary,benefits and sense of belonging to the hospital,the satisfaction is relatively low.