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Objective To investigate the influence of different treatments for tubal pregnancy on ovarian reserve function by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasonography.Methods One hundred and twentyfour cases of tubal pregnancy were divided into three groups according to the treatment,group A with 45 cases under the salpingectomy,group B with 36 cases under the laparoscopic conservative surgery for retaining oviduct,group C with 43 cases taken by Methotrexate.On the day of a spontaneous cycle,all the cases' antral follicles,the ovarian volume,peak systolic velocity (PSV),resistance index (RI),pulsatility index(PI) were measured by transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound.Results The antral follicles,varian volume and PSV of diseased side in group A were lower than those of the other side(P ＜0.05).The antral follicles,varian volume and PSV of diseased side in group A were lower than those of other groups (P ＜0.001).The PI and RI of diseased side in group A were higher than those of the unaffected side.The PI and RI of two sides in group B and C were not significantly different(P ＞0.05).Conclusions Salpingectomy affects the ovarian reserve function.Methotrexate and conservative surgery could not reduce the ovarion reserve.
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Objective To investigate the correlation between serum osteocalcin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in elderly patients.Methods A total of 55 T2DM patients (diabetic group) and 50 non-diabetic subjects (control group) aged ≥60 years were enrolled in this study.The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc),insulin resistance index (HOMA IR),osteocalcin (OC),body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) in groups were compared.The correlations between serum osteocalcin and the above indicators were analyzed.Results The levels of OC and BMD were higher in control group than in diabetic group [(11.2±3.2)μg/Lvs.(4.1±3.0)μg/L,(-1.3±0.3) vs.(-2.6±0.5),respectively,both P＜0.05].The levels of FBG,HbAlc,FINS,HOMA-IR were lower in control group than in diabetic group [(4.7±2.0) mmol/L vs.(9.4±2.1) mmol/L],[(4.8±1.5) ％ vs.(7.6±1.6)％,(7.4±3.2) U/L vs.(23.7±3.0) U/L,(1.5±0.7) vs.(9.9±1.2),respectively,all P＜0.05].Serum osteocalcin concentration was negatively correlated with the levels of FBG,HbAlc,FINS and HOMA-IR in elderly patients with T2DM (r=-0.739,-0.713,-0.613,-0.092,all P＜0.01).Conclusions Serum osteocalcin concentration is correlated with the levels of blood sugar and insulin resistance index in elderly patients with T2DM.A further study on the correlation between osteocalcin and T2DM may provide a new target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Objective To observe the effect of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL),15-Deoxy-△ 12,14-prostaglandin J2 ( 15d-PGJ2 ),leukotrienes B4 ( LTB4 ) on mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ2 ( PPARγ2 ),receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL),alkaline phosphatase ( ALP),and osteoprotegerin(OPG) in osteoblastic cells of rats; and to investigate the influence of these PPARγ2 endogenous ligands on bone metabolism.Methods Rat osteoblastic cells were cultured in vitro for 24 h in medium with different PPARγ2 endogenous ligands at various concentrations ( the final concentrations of Ox-LDL were 0,12.5,25,50μg/ml; the final concentrations of 15 d-PGJ2 were 0,10,20,30 μmol/L; the final concentrations of LTB4 were 0,0.1,1.0,10 μ mol/L).RT-PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expressions of PPARγ2,RANKL,ALP,and OPG in osteoblastic cells.Results RT-PCR analysis showed that Ox-LDL,15d-PGJ2,and LTB4 all down-regulated the mRNA expressions of RANKL,ALP,and OPG,while up-regulated the mRNA expressions of PPARγ2 in osteoblastic cells in a dose-dependent manner.Significant differences were found in interclass comparisons( P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions These findings suggest that Ox-LDL,15d-PGJ2,and LTB4 suppress the expressions of osteogenic genes through activating the transcription activity of PPARγ2,and this may be a plausible mechanism of senile osteoporosis.
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Objective To study the effect of pioglitazone on the differentiation and function of rat osteoclast-like cells (OLC), and to probe the relationship between activated PPARγ2 and osteoclasts. Methods On day 1 of OLC formation from nonadherent bone marrow ceils (BMC) obtained from rats induced by M-CSF and receptor activator of NF-кB ligand (RANKL), 1, 5 and 10μmol/L pioglitazone hydrochloride was added. RT- PCR was performed to determine the mRNA expressions of PPARγ2 and receptor activator of NF-кB (RANK) on day 3, 5 and 7 during incubation, the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cells,the number of bone resorption pits and the ratio of its area on dentin slice were counted, the activity of TRAP and the mean fluorescence intensity of integrin β3 (CD61) of OLC were also measured. Results (1) The effect on the differentiation of OLC: The addition of pioglitazone at the start of the culture period induced a dose-dependent decrease in TRAP-positive OLC and the activity of TRAP (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) ; the mRNA expression of PPARγ2 was up-regulated by 5 and 10 μmol/L pioglitazone in the early stage of incubation and attenuated with thematuration of OLC on the contrary, however, the expression of RANK was down-regulated by 5 and 10 μmol/L piolitazone in every stage of incubation (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), combined with decrease in TRAP-positive OLC from day 3 by 10 μmol/L pioglitazone. (2) The effect on the function of OLC: the number of bone resorption pits and the ratio of its area on dentin slice were decreased in groups of 5 and 10 μmol/L pioglitazone (P < 0.01 orP < 0.05), no obvious change was noted in the group with 1 μmol/L pioglitazone compared with the control group; the mean fluorescence intensity of CD61 were down-regulated in groups of 5 and 10 μmol/L pioglitazone (P < 0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion Activation of PPARγ2 pathway by pioglitazone could partially inhibit differentiation and function of OLC derived from rat BMC.
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AIM To study the effects of neferine on gastric car cinoma apoptosis induced by vincristine in vitro. METHODS Cytotoxicity assay was tested by MTT method. The influence of neferine to affect vincristine to induce gastric carcinoma apoptosis was detected by PI staining flow cytometry, AO/EB double fluorescence stain and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS 2 5, 5,10 ?mol?L -1 neferine enhanced vincristine to inhibit the proliferation of SGC7901 cells; 10 ?mol?L -1 neferine enhanced vincristine (0 1, 0 5, 2, 4 mg?L -1 ) to induce SGC7901 cells apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Neferine enhanced vincristine to induce gastric carcinoma cells apoptosis. It is inferred a kind of low poisonous and high effective chemosenstizers.
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Objective To better understand the regulation of the soluble receptor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), s-VEGFR-1 (or soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase, SFlt-1), in angiogenetic process in endometriosis. Methods Levels of free VEGF and s-VEGFR-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in peritoneal fluid from 28 subjects with surgically confirmed endometriosis, and 10 controls with no clinical evidence of the disease and other diseases. Meanwhile, we calculated a VEGF activity index by means of the ratio VEGF/s-VEGFR-1. Results We found higher VEGF concentration in endometriotic lesions than controls (P0.05). VEGF activity index in controls, stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ of endometriosis was 0.310, 0.276 and 0.273, respectively. VEGF and s-VEGFR-1 concentration were also higher in proliferative phase than in secretory phase in endometriotic lesions (P
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Purpose:To study the reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) and its mechanism by neferine which is a new calcium channel blocker in human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC7901/VCR. Methods:The cytotixic effect was tested by MTT assay. The expression of multidrug-resistance-associated protein in human gastric carcinoma cells was examined by SP immunocytochemical and flow cytometry. Results:Neferine at the concentration 10 ?mol/L was not of significant cytotoxicity to SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells. Neferine at the concentration of 2.5,5,10 ?mol/L decreased the IC_(50)value of VCR to SGC7901/VCR cells from 2.32 ?g/ml to 0.340,0.128 and 0.053 ?g/ml, respectively and with the increase by 6.8-,18.1-and 43.8-fold in the chemosensitivity, respectively. It had more potent reversal action on SGC7901/VCR cells than Verapamil at the concentration of 10 ?mol/L(P
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AIM: To investigate the effect of neferine (Nef) on human gastric carcinoma cell line with multidrug resistance (MDR). METHODS: The cytotoxic effect of vincristine (VCR) was evaluated by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis induced by VCR was determined by flow cytometry, and the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug-resistance-associated protein (MRP) in cells was examined by immunofluorescence flow cytometry. RESULTS: MTT assay showed that Nef at the concentration of 5 ?mol?L~(-1) to 10 ?mol?L~(-1) have no cytotoxicity to parent human gastric carcinoma cell line (SGC7901) and its VCR-resistant variant cell line (SGC7901/VCR). The IC_(50) value of VCR to SGC7901 cell line was 0.06 mg?L~(-1)and that of to SGC7901/VCR cell line was 2.32 mg?L~(-1), which indicated SGC7901/VCR cell line were 39 times more resistant to VCR in comparison with the parent SGC7901 cell line. After treatment with Nef at the concentrations of 2.5, 5 and 10 ?mol?L~(-1), the IC_(50) value of VCR to SGC7901/VCR cell line decreased to 0.34, 0.12 and 0.05 mg?L~(-1), respectively and those increased by 6.8-, 18.1- and 43.8- fold in the chemosensitivity, respectively. Flow cytometry showed that SGC7901/VCR cells were resistant to apoptosis induced by VCR. After 24 h treatment with Nef (2.5, 5 and 10 ?mol?L~(-1)) and VCR, the apoptosis of SGC7901/VCR cells increased, which indicated Nef could abolish resistance of SGC7901/VCR cells to VCR-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the action of Nef was more potent than verapamil. The expression of P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance associated protein was strongly positive in SGC7901/VCR cells, and the expression level of P-gp and MRP in SGC701/VCR cells was significantly down-regulated at 24 h after treatment with Nef (10 ?mol?L~(-1)). CONCLUSIONS: Nef can reverse MDR in multidrug-resistant human gastric carcinoma SGC7901/VCR cell line. Its mechanism might be associated with down-regulation of expression of P-gp and MRP in SGC7901/VCR cells.
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AIM:To evaluate the effect of Huazhuo Jiedu Huoxue Recipe(Herba Agastaches,Herba Eupatorii,Rhizoma Pinelliae,Pericarpium Citri reticulatae,Poria,etc.) on plasma orphanin FQ(OFQ) and prostaglandins in the patients of endometriosis(EM) with pain.METHODS:The concentrations of plasma OFQ and prostaglandins were measured by radioimmunoassay before and after the treatment on the patients of EM with pain.29 patients of EM with severe pain(severe group),31 patients with slight pain(slight group) and 25 patients without pain(control group) were studied.RESULTS:The levels of OFQ、 PGF_(2a)、 PGE_2、 6-keto-PGF_(1a) and TXB_2 in plasma were significantly higher in patients of EM with pain than that of patients without pain(P