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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 46(2): 121-5, abr.-jun. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-268363

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estudar a apresentação clínica e a evolução de pacientes portadores de glomerulonefrite lúpica. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 37 pacientes portadores de glomerulonefrite lúpica, atendidos pela Disciplina de Nefrologia - Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, com seguimento médio de 52,4 + ou - 13,3 meses. Os dados foram obtidos através do levantamento retrospectivo dos prontuários. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 26,05 + ou - 11,12 anos, com predomínio do sexo feminino (84 por cento) sendo que a glomerulonefrite classe IV foi a mais freqüente (80 por cento). No início do seguimento a média da creatinina sérica foi de 1,74 + ou - 1,15 mg/dl, e a da proteinúria de 24h foi de 2,62 + ou - 2.89 g. Cinqüenta e um porcento dos pacientes com creatinina sérica elevada apresentaram, durante o seguimento, diminuição desses valores. Dentre diferentes variáveis estudadas, à época da biopsia renal, (idade, sexo, proteinúria, presença de hipertensão arterial e creatinina sérica) a única que se associou com pior prognóstico foi a elevação da creatinina sérica. Remissão da síndrome nefrótica ocorreu em 65 por cento das vezes. A sobrevida atuarial foi de 96 por cento, 82 por cento, 70 por cento e 70 por cento em 1, 5, 10 e 12 anos. Cinco pacientes desenvolveram insuficiência renal crônica terminal e sete morreram, sendo infecção a principal causa de óbito (57 por cento) CONCLUSÃO: Em pacientes com nefropatia lúpica, o aumento da creatinina sérica, à época da biópsia, se associou com o desenvolvimento de insuficiência renal crônica ao fim do seguimento e a principal causa de óbito foi processo infeccioso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Lupus Nephritis/physiopathology , Creatinine/blood , Follow-Up Studies , Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology , Lupus Nephritis/complications , Nephrotic Syndrome/etiology , Prognosis , Proteinuria/blood , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Time Factors
2.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 42(2): 67-72, abr.-jun. 1996. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-180117

ABSTRACT

A insuficiência renal aguda orgânica (IRAo) é complicaçao freqüente em pacientes hospitalizados, associando-se a altas taxas de mortalidade. OBJETIVO. Analisar os aspectos clínicos e o quadro anatomopatológico de pacientes portadores de IRAo, bem como determinar fatores de prognóstico. MÉTODOS. Foram estudados, de forma prospectiva, 20O pacientes portadores de IRAo internados durante o período de janeiro de 1987 a julho de 1990. RESULTADOS. A freqüência de IRAo foi de 4,9/1.000 internaçoes. As causas mais comuns foram isquemia renal (50 por cento) e drogas nefrotóxicas (22 por cento). O diagnóstico anatomopatológico realizado em 43 pacientes revelou: necrose tubular aguda (53 por cento); degeneraçao) hidrópica tubular (l6 por cento), glomerulopatias (l6 por cento) e outras lesoes (l5 por cento). Tratamento dialítico foi realizado em 50,5 por cento dos pacientes; as principais indicaçoes foram: uremia (l38 vezes, 67 por cento), hipervolemia (45 vezes, 22 por cento), hiperpotassemia (19 vezes, 9 por cento). A taxa de mortalidade foi de 46,5 por cento, sendo as principais causas de óbito: septicemia (38 por cento), insuficiência respiratória (19 por cento) e falência de múltiplos órgaos (11 por cento). Somente dois pacientes (nos quais o tratamento dialítico foi suspenso) morreram por causas ligadas diretamente à insuficiência renal. Houve maior mortalidade entre pacientes oligúricos (62,9 por cento) do que em pacientes nao oligúricos (34,5 por cento) (p<0,05). Pacientes com IRAo isquêmica apresentaram maior mortalidade (56,7 por cento) do que pacientes com IRAo nefrotóxica (14,7 por cento) (p<0,05). Essas diferenças mantiveram-se quando essa comparaçao foi feita apenas entre os pacientes submetidos a tratamento dialítico. CONCLUSAO. As principais causas de óbito nao foram diretamente relacionadas à IRAo. Desta forma, os dados do presente trabalho sugerem que a IRAo é um importante marcador de gravidade de doença de base, e nao um fator determinante do óbito.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury/mortality , Acute Kidney Injury/diagnosis , Acute Kidney Injury/etiology , Cause of Death , Creatinine/blood , Renal Dialysis , Prognosis , Prospective Studies , Urea/blood
3.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 28(1): 39-50, Jan. 1995. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-153329

ABSTRACT

Adriamycin, a commonly used antineoplastic antibiotic, induces glomerular lesions in rats, resulting in persistent proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. We studied the effects of dietary protein and of an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor on the progression of this nephropathy and the evolution of the histological lesions, as well as mesangial macromolecule flow. Adriamycin nephropathy was induced by injecting a singl iv dose of adriamycin (3 mg/kg body weight) into the tail vein of male wistar rats (weight, 180-200 g). In Experiment I animals with adriamycin-induced nephropathy were fed diets containing 6 percent (Low-Protein Diet Group = LPDG), 20 percent (Normal-Protein Diet Group = NPDG) and 40 percent (High-Protein Diet Group = HPDG) protein and were observed for 30 weeks. In Experiment II the rats with adriamycin nephropathy were divide into 2 groups: ADR, that received adriamycin alone, and ADR-ENA, that received adriamycin plus enalapril, an angiotensin I converting enzyme inhibitor. The animals were sacrificed after a 24-week observation period. Six hours before sacrifice the animals were injected with 131I-ferritin and the amount of 131I-ferritin in the glomeruli was measured. In Experiment III, renal histology was performed 4, 8 and 16 weeks after adriamycin injection. At the end of Experiment I the tubulointerstitial lesion index was 2 for LPDG, 8 for NPDG, and 7.5 for HPDG (P,0.05); the frequency of glomerulosclerosis was 19 + or - 6.1 percent in LPDG, 42.6 + or - 6 percent in NPDG, and 54 + or - 9 percent in HPDG (P,0.05); and proteinuria was 61.1 + or - 25 mg/24 h in LPDG, 218.7 + or - 27.5 mg/24 h in NPDG, and 324.5 + or - 64.8 mg/24 h in HPDG (P,0.05). In Experiment II, at sacrifice, 24-h proteinuria was 189 + or - 16.1 mg in ADR, and 216 + or - 26.1 mg in ADR-ENA (P.0.05); the tubulointerstitial lesion index was 5 for ADR, and 5 for ADR-ENA (P.0.05); the frequency of glomerulosclerosis was 40 + or - 5.2 percent in ADR and 44 + or - 6 percent in ADR-ENA (P.0.05); the amount of 131I-ferritin in the mesangium was 214.26 + or - 22.71 cpm/mg protein in ADR and 253.77 + or - 69.72 cpm/mg protein in ADR-ENA (P.0.05). In Experiment III, sequential histological analysis revealed an acute tubulointerstitial cellular infiltrate at week 4, whigh was decreased at week 8. Tubular casts and dilatation were first seen at week 8 and increased at week 16 when few glomerular lesions were found. The results suggest that the tubulointerstitial lesions may play a role in the development of glomerulosclerosis in adriamycin-induced nephropathy


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Doxorubicin/adverse effects , Kidney Diseases/chemically induced , Dietary Proteins/pharmacology , Analysis of Variance , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental , Kidney/pathology , Dietary Proteins/urine , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors
4.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 26(9): 943-53, Sept. 1993. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-148766

ABSTRACT

1. Adriamycin, a commonly used antineoplastic antibiotic, induces glomerular lesions in rats, resulting in persistent proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. 2. The effect of urine volume on the progression of adriamycin-induced nephropathy was studied in 70 male Wistar rats (180-200 g) observed for 30 weeks and separated into 4 groups: healthy control group (HCG, N = 10) inoculated i.v. with 1 ml of saline, and nephrotic groups inoculated iv with a single dose of adriamycin of 3 mg/kg body weight. The nephrotic rats were separated into 3 groups (N = 20): nephrotic control group (NCG) receiving only adriamycin; dehydrated nephrotic group (DNG) water deprived for 36 h within each 48-h period, and furosemide nephrotic group (FNG) treated with 12 mg/dl furosemide, and 0.9 g/dl NaCl in the drinking water. 3. The 30-week survival rates of the DNG (100 per cent ) and HCG (100 per cent ) were significantly higher than those of the NCG (85 per cent ) and FNG (55 per cent ). 4. The proteinuria observed in the HCG (range, 7.38 +/- 0.7 to 13.6 +/- 1.27 mg/24 h) was significantly lower than that observed for all the nephrotic groups throughout the experiment. The DNG presented significantly less proteinuria (range, 42.71 +/- 6.83 to 140.10 +/- 19.22 mg/24 h) than the NCG (range, 35.32 +/- 7.64 to 250.00 +/- 25.91 mg/24 h) from week 10 on. There was no significant difference between the mean 24-h proteinuria of the NCG (range, 35.32 +/- 7.64 to 250.00 +/- 25.91 mg/24 h) and the FNG (range, 35.82 +/- 7.91 to 221.54 +/- 26.74). 5. The mean frequency of damaged glomeruli was 0.3 per cent +/- 0.3 for HCG, 42 per cent +/- 6 per cent for CNG, 40.8 per cent +/- 8 per cent for DNG, and 47 per cent +/- 14 per cent for FNG. The median value of the tubulointerstitial lesion, evaluated by a semiquantitative method, was 0 in HCG, 10 in CNG, 8.5 in DNG and 9.5 in FNG (P < 0.05 for all groups compared to HCG). 6. The data indicate that reduction of urine volume has a protective effect on adriamycin-induced nephropathy


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Doxorubicin/adverse effects , Glomerulonephritis/chemically induced , Disease Models, Animal , Furosemide , Glomerulonephritis/pathology , Glomerulonephritis/urine , Kidney Glomerulus/pathology , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/chemically induced , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/pathology , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental/urine , Kidney/pathology , Proteinuria/chemically induced , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors , Urine , Water Deprivation
5.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 39(1): 37-42, jan.-mar. 1993. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-123286

ABSTRACT

O envolvimento renal no mieloma múltiplo tem sido associado com pior prognóstico destes pacientes. A influência da insuficiência renal no quadro clínico e no prognóstico de portadores de mieloma múltiplo foi estudada, retrospectivamente, em 45 pacientes. Pacientes com insuficiência renal, à primeira visita, apresentaram maior freqüência de perda de peso, proteinúria e hipercalcemia. Entre os pacientes com insuficiência renal, as médias de uricemia e VHS foram maiores e a média do hematócrito foi menor. Näo houve diferença com relaçäo a edema, hipertensäo arterial, fraturas e dores ósseas. A regressäo da insuficiência renal ocorreu em 47% dos casos, o que se deu mais freqüentemente no primeiro mês de seguimento. A média da creatinina foi mais baixa entre os pacientes com insuficiência renal reversível. A mediana da sobrevida foi: pacientes com insuficiência renal: 11 meses; pacientes com funçäo renal normal: 50 meses. Entre os pacientes com insuficiência renal, aqueles que apresentaram recuperaçäo da funçäo renal mostraram uma mediana de sobrevida maior (24 meses) do que aqueles com insuficiência renal irreversível (1 mês). Em conclusäo: o envolvimento renal no mieloma múltiplo é comum e freqüentemente reversível. Pacientes com insuficiência renal tiveram pior prognóstico; entre os pacientes com insuficiência renal, a normalizaçäo da funçäo renal conferiu melhor prognóstico


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Multiple Myeloma/complications , Renal Insufficiency/etiology , Brazil , Creatinine/blood , Kidney/physiopathology , Multiple Myeloma/physiopathology , Multiple Myeloma/mortality , Prognosis , Renal Insufficiency/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate
8.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 25(2): 149-59, 1992. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-109012

ABSTRACT

To study the long term course of passive Heymann nephritis (PHN), 42 adult male Wistar rats were injected with rabbit anti-FX1A serum (PHN group) and 42 rats received normal rabbit serum (control group). Two animals from each group were sacrificed 2 weeks after the inoculation and 10 animals each from the control and PHN groups were sacrificed 4, 13, 25 and 53 weeks later. The PHN group exhibited a significant elevation in 20-h proteinuria which lasted from the first week (control group, 9.19 ñ 0.87; PHN group, 25.3 ñ 2.66) to the 25th week (control group, 22.6 ñ 2.15; PHN group, 66.7 ñ 10.4) except for week 17. From week 29 to week 53 there was no statistical difference between the 2 groups. Light microscopy showed no difference between the kidneys of PHN and control rats. Immunofluorescence microscopy in PHN rats showed granular deposition of autologous and heterologous IgG on the glomerular basement m,embrane (GBM), whose intensity and pattern did not change during 53 weeks of observation. When examined by electron microscopyy the glomeruli of PHN rats showed; a) electron-dense deposits which were initial subepithelial and homogeneous and later intramembranous, granular and often surrounded by an electron-transparent halo; b) focal thickening of the GBM at the sites of intramembranous deposits; c) effacement of podocytes located close to the deposits; d) "penetration" of the podocytes into the GBM associated with the deposits; e) presence of osmiophilic granules in the cytoplasm of the podocyte located inside the GBM similar to the granules of the deposits next to them. Them. The association of the penetration of the podocytes into the GBM with the deposits and the presence of the osmiophilic granules inside the foot process have not been described previously in PHN


Subject(s)
Rats , Basement Membrane , Epithelial Cells , Glomerulonephritis/immunology , Microscopy, Fluorescence , Proteinuria
9.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 25(5): 477-86, 1992.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-109053

ABSTRACT

The distribution and amount of ferritin in the glomeruli following intravenous injection of radiolabeled ferritin (125I-ferritin) was studied in 25 normal rats with membranous nephropathy. The animals used were male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 180-200 g at the beginning of the experiment. Membranous nephropathy was induced by repeated iv injections of 1.0 mg cationic bovine serum albumin during 28 days. At the end of the experiment the animals received 125I-ferritin iv and were sacrificed 2,6,12,24 and 36 h later, and the glomeruli were isolated. Mean (ñ SEM) levels of 125I-ferritin in the glomeruli reported as cpm/mg protein in rats injected with cationic bovine serum albumin were: 731.8 ñ 155.6 after 2 h, 946.4 ñ 268.2 after 6 h, 565.4 ñ 143.5 after 12 h, 251.8 ñ 26.5 after 24 h, and 202 ñ 29.1 after 36 h. Mean (ñ SEM) 125I-ferritin in no0rmal rats were: 2 h:256.2 ñ 44.6; 6 h: 214.2 ñ 8.78; 12 h:198.2 ñ 32.2; 24 h: 51.5 ñ 3.57: 36h: 40.6 ñ 5.48 125I-ferritin levels in the glomeruli isolated from rats injected with cationic bovine serum albumin were significantly higher than in control rats at 2, 6, 24 and 36 h. The distribution of ferritin in the glomeruli was studied by a direct immunofluorescence technique. Normal and nephrotic rats showed ferritin in the glomerular mesangium only, with similar pattern and intensity. These data show that rats with membranous glomerulonephritis induced by cationic bovine serumalbumin presented an increased macromolecule uptake by the glomerular mesangium. However, the mechanism underlying this mesangial overloading is still unknown


Subject(s)
Rats , Ferritins , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Glomerular Mesangium , Glomerulonephritis, Membranous/chemically induced , Injections, Intravenous
15.
J. bras. nefrol ; 4(3/4): 73-8, 1982.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-10612

ABSTRACT

Estudou-se retrospectivamente o quadro clinico de 121 pacientes portadores de glomerulopatias. Destes, 42 apresentaram sindrome nefritica (hematuria, edema, hipertensao diastolica), 33 sindrome nefrotica com proteinuria superior a 3,0g nas 24 horas e 46 constituiram o grupo "nao nefrotico" por apresentarem sintomas e sinais isolados ou associados sem, no entanto, satisfazerem os criterios de inclusao nas duas sindromes anteriores. Observou-se que: a idade media dos pacientes do grupo "sindrome nefrotica" foi superior a dos outros grupos; a funcao renal, avaliada pela creatinina plasmatica, esteve mais comprometida no grupo "nao nefritico nao nefrotico", nos pacientes hipertensos e nos mais idosos; os sinais mais frequentes de glomerulopatia foram edema (85,9%) e hipertensao (78,5%). O seguimento durante 36 meses do grupo "nao nefritico nao nefrotico mostrou que os pacientes com creatinina plasmatica inicial alterada tiveram pior prognostico


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Diabetic Nephropathies , Glomerulonephritis , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental , Nephrosis, Lipoid , Creatinine , Hypertension
16.
Rev. paul. med ; 99(2): 17-20, 1982.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-8120

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho compreende estudo anatomo-clinico retrospectivo de 65 casos de glomerulopatias em adultos. Os casos foram classificados em tres sindromes clinicas: nefritica, nefrotica, nao nefritica - nao nefrotica. A intensidade das lesoes histologicas renais foi avaliada no material de biopsia e/ou autopsia atraves de metodo semiquantitativo (0 a 4 +) obtendo-se indices de lesao glomerular, tubular, intersticio-vascular e renal total. Para cada paciente, foram estabelecidas correlacoes entre estes indices com a apresentacao clinica, niveis pressoricos, funcao renal (creatinina serica) e evolucao. No conjunto, observou-se que lesoes historicas mais graves associam-se a agravamento da funcao renal e piora da evolucao dos pacientes.A analise estatistica de regressao linear simples demonstrou correlacao significante entre os diferentes indice de lesao com os niveis de creatinina serica, porem o indice de lesao intersticio-vascular foi o que melhor se correlacionou com a funcao renal (r2 = 0,53)


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Glomerulonephritis , Kidney Function Tests
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