The Effects of Etodolac, Nimesulid and Naproxen Sodium on the Frequency of Sister Chromatid Exchange after Enclused Third Molars Surgery

PURPOSE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are frequently used in oral surgical procedures in dentistry. The evaluation of the frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is accepted as a reliable cytogenetic method to assess the genotoxic effects of environmental factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, the genotoxic effects of various NSAIDs were assessed in 30 patients to who they were administered following encluosed third molar surgery using SCE analysis before and after the operation. The frequency of SCE was evaluated before the operation and after 3 days of etodolac, nimesulid and naproxen use. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of SCE between the preoperative and postoperative states in patients given etodolac, nimesulid or naproxen sodium. CONCLUSION: Short term use of selective and non-selective NSAIDs was not associated with a significant genotoxic effect that could be detected using the SCE method in peripheric lymphocytes.

Comparison of Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte Functions in Elderly Patients and Healthy Young Volunteers

To compare the polymorphonuclear leukocyte [PMN] functions [phagocytosis and intracellular killing activity] of elderly patients with healthy young volunteers. Fifty-nine elderly patients who had various diseases [cancer, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, DM] and 10 healthy young volunteers were included in this study. Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation was used to isolate PMNs from venous blood containing EDTA [0.1 g/ml]. Phagocytosis and intracellular killing activity of neutrophils were assayed using a modification of Alexander's method, in which serum opsonins, number of neutrophils and number of microorganisms are standardized in order to detect both increases and decreases in phagocytosis and intracellular killing as well as combined abnormalities of these two functions. The least significant difference test was used to compare the results in the two groups. Phagocytic activity of PMNs from patients with cancer was significantly higher than that of healthyyoung volunteers [p < 0.05] and elderly patients with hypertension and DM [p < 0.05]. There was no statistical difference between the phagocytic activity of PMNs from elderly patients with hypertension and DM and healthy young volunteers [p > 0.05]. The intracellular killing activity of PMNs from elderly patients with hypertension, DM and cancer was significantly lower than that of healthy young volunteers [p = 0.001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.003, respectively]. The intracellular killing activity of PMNs from elderly patients was significantly decreased when compared with that of healthy young volunteers. Ageing, chronic diseases and drugs used in the treatment of these elderly patients may be the cause for decreased intracellular killing activity