ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Bupropion is an antidepressant with proven efficacy for smoking cessation, however the response rate is some limited. With this background, the authors investigated the difference of early bupropion response in smoking cessation according to individual genetic polymorphism and temperamental characteristics. METHOD: Subjects were 113 Korean male volunteers who were nicotine dependent and wanted to quit smoking. Authors compared 6 candidate genes (DRD2, DRD4, dopamine transporter, norepinephrine transporter, serotonin transporter, COMT), and Temperament Character Inventory (TCI) between response group and non-response group after 3 weeks bupropion treatment. RESULT: Among 6 candidate genes, DRD2 homozygotes (A2/A2+A1/A1), COMT H/H genotype and H allele carriers showed high rate of smoking cessation by bupropion. NET-8 GG genotype and G allele carriers showed low rate of smoking cessation by bupropion. Persistence score in TCI was significant between two groups. CONCLUSION: DRD2, COMT, NET-8 genetic polymorphisms and some temperamental characteristics could predict success of smoking cessation by early treatment response of bupropion.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Alleles , Bupropion , Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins , Genotype , Homozygote , Nicotine , Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins , Polymorphism, Genetic , Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins , Smoke , Smoking Cessation , Smoking , Temperament , VolunteersABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the difference in cognitive test performances between estrogen users and estrogen non-users in postmenopausal women. METHOD: 15 estrogen user women and 15 non-user women participated in this study. They were all menopausal and had 12 or more education years. We used the K-BNT(Boston naming test Korean version), BDI(Beck depression inventory), similarity test(subtest of K-WAIS) and SRT(selective reminding test) to evaluate the cognitive function between two groups. RESULT: Estrogen users scored significantly higher than non-users in cognitive test, particularly in similarity test and SRT(delayed recall). Estrogen users also scored lower than non-users in BDI. CONCLUSION: Estrogen replacement therapy may help postmenopausal women to maintain cognitive function and probably to improve the depression symptoms to some extent.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Cognition , Depression , Education , Estrogen Replacement Therapy , EstrogensABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluated the difference of depressive symptoms and attention between estrogen user and non-user in postmenopausal women. METHODS: 30 Estrogen users and 30 non-users were participated in this study. They were all menopausal for at least 1 year and have 12 or more education years. We used BDI(Beck Depression Inventory), digit span and digit symbol to evaluate depressive symptoms and attention in both groups. We also measured the plasma estradiol level and identified the correlation between estradiol level and BDI, digit span and digit symbol. RESULTS: The demographic data was not different between both groups. Estrogen users scored higher than non-users in digit span(forward) and lower than non-users in BDI. The correlation between estradiol level BDI, digit span and digit symbol was not significant. CONCLUSION: Estrogen replacement therapy was effective in alleviation depressive symptoms but ineffective in improving attention in postmenopausal women.