miswak [chewing stick] and oral health part - II uses, effect on periodontium and preparation

The Miswak [Chewing Sticks] are commonly used in the Middle East Asia, Africa and some parts of South America. Chewing Sticks are a useful tool of oral hygiene. It has cultural and religious affiliations. The use of the chewing stick conforms with the notion of primary health care. In this article the therapeutic, cultural and religious uses of Miswak are highlighted. The side effects of Miswak and its effects on periodontium are discussed. The preparation and uses of Miswak has also been described. The aim of this two part series on Miswak is to provide scientific basis of Miswak. The future potential research areas are also indicated for those who want to further their knowledge about Miswak. It will help in oral health promotion in Pakistan to the people, who have strong cultural, and religious affiliation to the Miswak. Dentists in Pakistan as well in other developing countries where Miswak is available and were due to very low income many people are unable to buy normal tooth brush and paste may like to recommend the use of Miswak to the general public

miswak [chewing stick] and oral health-part 1-history, classification and composition

The miswak [chewing sticks] are commonly used in the Middle East, Asia, Africa and some parts of South America. Chewing sticks are a useful tool of oral hygiene. It has cultural and religious affiliations. In this article the history of miswak, its classification, chemical composition, pharmacological properties are highlighted. Recently miswak extract has been used in preparation of different toothpastes, due to its antibacterial activity and fluoride contents. This article is part I of a two part series on miswak. The second part will discuss its uses, effects on periodontium and preparation