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@#[摘 要] 目的：探讨光甘草定对肺腺癌细胞A549恶性生物学行的影响及其分子机制。方法：常规方法培养A549细胞和人正常肺上皮细胞BEAS-2B，用不同浓度的光甘草定和或顺铂对其进行处理，通过结晶紫染色、CCK-8法检测光甘草定、顺铂对A549、BEAS-2B细胞增殖活力的影响，Transwell小室实验、细胞划痕实验检测光甘草定对A549细胞侵袭、迁移能力的影响，流式细胞术检测光甘草定对A549细胞凋亡的影响，3D超低黏附板培养法培养A549细胞后采用CCK-8法检测光甘草定对A549细胞增殖的影响，WB法检测光甘草定对A549细胞中上皮间质转化（EMT）相关蛋白表达的影响；构建A549细胞移植瘤模型后检测光甘草定、顺铂对移植瘤的生长以及移植瘤组织中EMT相关蛋白表达的影响。结果：光甘草定、顺铂呈剂量依赖性地显著抑制A549细胞的增殖（P<0.05或P<0.01）、细胞迁移（P<0.05或P<0.01）和侵袭能力（P<0.05或P<0.01），光甘草定能诱导A549细胞凋亡（P<0.01），抑制A549细胞中N-cadherin、snail和vimentin蛋白的表达，促进E-cadherin蛋白表达；光甘草定、顺铂均能抑制A549移植瘤的生长，抑制移植瘤组织中Ki67、N-cadherin、snail和vimentin蛋白的表达、促进E-cadherin蛋白的表达。结论：光甘草定可通过抑制A549细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭，诱导A549细胞凋亡，其机制可能与其抑制细胞的EMT进程而产生抑癌作用有关。
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OBJECTIVES@#To analyze the research status of forensic medicine in China from 2010 to 2019, obtain the development trend of forensic medicine and explore the hotspots and research frontiers.@*METHODS@#The forensic medical academic papers published on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database from 2010 to 2019 were collected. CiteSpace 5.7.R1, an information visualization analysis software, was used to analyze publication organizations, authors, keywords, and other elements.@*RESULTS@#The majority of the research institutions were universities, provincial and ministerial scientific research and forensic institutions. Forensic pathology was still an important branch of forensic medicine and a popular research direction. The "polymorphism" and "Y chromosome" had been the research hotspots in recent years. "Medical damage" and "standard" were the most novel studies.@*CONCLUSIONS@#In order to provide scientific basis and research direction for forensic research, this paper analyzes the cooperation network, research hotspots and research innovation in forensic research.
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Forensic Medicine , China , Forensic Pathology , SoftwareABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the forensic science-related literature included in the Web of Science database in the recent decade through bibliometric methods, to provide reference for relevant research. Methods Literatures were searched in 3 ways： Subject search, Journal search and Institution search. The annual distribution, national （regional） distribution, institution distribution, journal distribution and the research hotspots of the related literatures were analyzed through Thomson Data Analyzer （TDA）, Ucinet, VOSviewer, and so on. Results A total of 49 469 related literatures were included in the recent decade. The number of literatures continued to climb year by year. The top 15 countries （regions） accounted for 78.52% of the total number of published literatures, and China ranked 5th, but ranked 12th in terms of the proportion of high-cited papers; Netherlands, Switzerland, Australia, etc. had high comprehensive influence. The number of countries （regions） that cooperated with China were 129, including the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. The Institute of Forensic Science of Saint Mary's University, University of Sydney and Netherlands Forensic Institute had high comprehensive influence, and the related literatures were published on 6 357 journals. According to high-frequency co-occurrence network and high-cited papers, brain injury, health policy, assessment scales and models and medical imaging were selected as research hotspots. Conclusion The total number of literatures in forensic science included in international SCI increased significantly, and the influence of China's achievements needs to be greatly enhanced; the research institutions were scattered, and China's research power needs to be continuously condensed; the research hotspots in international fields are extensive, and the international participation of China in top level research needs to be strengthened.
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Humans , Bibliometrics , China , Forensic Medicine , Forensic SciencesABSTRACT
Post traumatic epilepsy （PTE） is a serious complication of traumatic brain injury and a difficult problem in forensic justice practice. In recent years, many biomarkers have been applied to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of injuries and diseases. There have been many studies on the biomarkers of PTE in the field of epilepsy. This paper reviews the progress in research on biomarkers of PTE in recent years in order to provide reference for the forensic identification of PTE.
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers/analysis , Brain Injuries, Traumatic/diagnosis , Epilepsy/etiology , Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic/etiologyABSTRACT
ObjectivecircRNAs play an important role in tumor development, but the relationship between circRNAs and hepatocellular carcinoma remains to be further explored. The present study aimed to bioinformatically analyze the target gene of microRNA-1. Another aim was to screen circRNAs that are associated with target genes and differentially expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cells, as well as provide theoretical basis for clinical screening of molecular markers and targeted therapies related to hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsThe miRNA related database used for the prediction of microRNA-1 target genes, and the bioinformatic analysis of the target genes of microRNA-1 involved functional enrichment analysis and signal transduction pathway enrichment. Then, the circRNAs, which are related to the downstream target genes of microRNA-1, are screened through the circRNA database.ResultsThe number of microRNA-1 target genes was 230 in miRNA related database. Through GO analysis, it was found that the target genes of microRNA-1 had a strong tendency in regulation, and were mainly enriched in three aspects: biological function, biological process and cell localization.The target genes of microRNA-1 are involved in the function of proteins, regulation of biosynthesis, cofactor binding, enzyme regulation and other biological processes. Predicted target genes of miRNA-1 were significantly enriched in cancer signaling pathways, hepatitis B occurrence, endocytosis and splicing pathways. Further, 21 circRNAs related to the target gene of microRNA-1 were found in three circRNA databases, wherein hsa_circ_0004651 was highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and its pavent gene was hnRNPD.ConclusionMicroRNA-1 influence the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma development through the regulation of protein and enzyme. Hsa_circ_0004651 may affect the development of hepatocellular carcinoma with microRNA-1 and its parental gene hnRNPD.
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Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is one of the most challenging problems in the field of forensic science. Vitreous humor is a hotspot which has been used for PMI estimation and postmortem chemical analysis in forensic pathology. In order to provide novel perspectives for the future research of PMI estimation using vitreous humor, the comparison between vitreous humor with other common body fluids, the effect of temperature on vitreous humor, vitreous humor detection method and data fitting method have been reviewed in this paper.
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Owing to the complexity of spinal surgery, there is a great prevalence of dural tear causing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. Many studies focused on suture repair for dural tear to stop CSF leak. Now some new treatment strategies have shown a promising effect that is listed as follows: 1) creating watertight dural closure to stop CSF leak with the help of dural substitute material; and 2) retarding CSF leak by changing pressure difference, including reducing the subarachnoid fluid pressure, increasing the epidural space pressure and both. In fact several methods mentioned above are usually combined to treat CSF leak. However, no update review summarized the relevant studies implemented in recent years. In this review, the authors would compare the effects of different dural closure techniques, and introduce the latest treatment methods and mechanisms.
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Humans , Blood Patch, Epidural , Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak , Therapeutics , Dura Mater , General Surgery , Suture TechniquesABSTRACT
Relationship between ATP changes of rabbit blood and postmortem interval (PMI) was studied. Twenty-four healthy rabbits were sacrificed and randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rabbits of each group. The bodies of three groups were placed in calorstat at temperature of 15°C, 25°C and 35°C, respectively. The blood from the right ventricle was sampled through indwelling needle each 4 h until 72 h after death. ATP levels in the blood samples were measured by using ATP fluorescence rapid detection technique at different PMIs. Blood ATP levels slightly increased in the early stage after death and then constantly declined at all temperatures (15°C, 25°C, and 35°C). Cubic polynomial regression equations with log[ATP] as dependent variable (y) and PMI as independent variable (x) at different temperatures and the optimal time period were established as followed: Under 15°C and during 16-64 h after death, y=-3.027×10(-5)x(3)+0.003x(2)-0.096x-10.625 (R a (2)=0.992, P<0.001); under 25°C and during 8-56 h after death, y=-2.921×10(-5)x(3)+0.002x(2)-0.059x-11.186 (R a (2)=0.989, P<0.001); under 35dgC and during 4-36 h after death, y=-9.769×10(-5)x(3)+ 0.005x(2)-0.117x-11.166 (R a (2)=0.991, P<0.001). The changes in ATP levels in blood collected from right ventricle of rabbit cadavers showed relatively stable and regular degradation within 72 h after death at different temperatures.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) cause serious infections that are difficult to treat. We carried out this study to determine the mutant prevention concentration (MPC) of linezolid when combined with minocycline against VRE strains, to determine the mechanism of drug resistance in vitro, and to provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of drugs against VRE.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of linezolid and minocycline against 30 Enterococci (E.) isolates (including 20 VRE strains) were determined by the broth microdilution method. Drug interactions were assessed by the checkerboard microdilution tests and confirmed by time-kill studies. Two vancomycin-susceptible strains N27 and N40 (linezolid MIC, 2 g/ml; minocycline MIC, 4 µg/ml) and control strains E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and ATCC 51299 were also tested. The MPCs of linezolid and minocycline (alone and combined) were determined using the agar dilution method. Strains showing stable resistance were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of domain V of the 23S rRNA gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Checkerboard titration studies revealed synergistic effects of combination therapy in 26.7% of 30 E. isolates. Antagonism was not observed. The G2576U mutation was detected in stable linezolid-resistant strains of ATCC 29212, N40, and N27 before and after resistance screening, and MIC values increased with the number of G2576U mutations. The MPC of linezolid against E. decreased dramatically when combined with minocycline, and vice versa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Linezolid or minocycline alone produce resistant strains; however, their joint use may reduce the MPC of each agent against VRE, thereby decreasing resistant mutants and bacterial infections.</p>
Subject(s)
Acetamides , Pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents , Pharmacology , Drug Therapy, Combination , Enterococcus , Genetics , Linezolid , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Minocycline , Pharmacology , Mutation , Oxazolidinones , Pharmacology , Vancomycin ResistanceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate correlation between the changes of oxidation reduction potential (ORP) values of heart blood in rabbits after death and postmortem interval (PMI) at different temperatures.@*METHODS@#Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into 6 groups and sacrificed by air embolism. Blood samples were taken from the right ventricle of each rabbit and stored at different temperatures of 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 degrees C, respectively. Every 4 hours from 0 h to 132 h postmortem, the ORP values of the blood samples were measured at different intervals by PB-21 electrochemical analyzer. The curvilinear regression equation was established by SPSS 17.0 software. The surface equation and 3D surface diagram were established by MATLAB 7.10.0 software.@*RESULTS@#The ORP values at different temperatures of heart blood in rabbits were highly correlated with the PMI. The ORP values rised obviously when the temperature was high and rised slowly when the temperature was low. The surface equation and 3D surface diagram were obtained.@*CONCLUSION@#The surface equation and 3D surface diagram of ORP values and PMI may be used for PMI estimation at different temperatures.
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Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Blood , Forensic Pathology/methods , Heart , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxygen/analysis , Postmortem Changes , Regression Analysis , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Relationship between ATP changes of rabbit blood and postmortem interval (PMI) was studied. Twenty-four healthy rabbits were sacrificed and randomly divided into 3 groups with 8 rabbits of each group. The bodies of three groups were placed in calorstat at temperature of 15°C, 25°C and 35°C, respectively. The blood from the right ventricle was sampled through indwelling needle each 4 h until 72 h after death. ATP levels in the blood samples were measured by using ATP fluorescence rapid detection technique at different PMIs. Blood ATP levels slightly increased in the early stage after death and then constantly declined at all temperatures (15°C, 25°C, and 35°C). Cubic polynomial regression equations with log[ATP] as dependent variable (y) and PMI as independent variable (x) at different temperatures and the optimal time period were established as followed: Under 15°C and during 16-64 h after death, y=-3.027×10(-5)x(3)+0.003x(2)-0.096x-10.625 (R a (2)=0.992, P<0.001); under 25°C and during 8-56 h after death, y=-2.921×10(-5)x(3)+0.002x(2)-0.059x-11.186 (R a (2)=0.989, P<0.001); under 35dgC and during 4-36 h after death, y=-9.769×10(-5)x(3)+ 0.005x(2)-0.117x-11.166 (R a (2)=0.991, P<0.001). The changes in ATP levels in blood collected from right ventricle of rabbit cadavers showed relatively stable and regular degradation within 72 h after death at different temperatures.
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Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Adenosine Triphosphate , Blood , Autopsy , Methods , Body Temperature , Physiology , Forensic Pathology , Methods , Postmortem Changes , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the influence of different hinge positions on clinical results of expansive open-door laminoplasty (EOLP) for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 102 CSM patients who underwent EOLP from February 2006 to February 2007 were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Using a random digits table, 57 patients with the hinge located at the inner margin of the lateral mass were classified as wide-open group, while 45 patients with the hinge positioned at the lamina margin served as narrow-open group. All patients were observed over 24 months, and the clinical and radiological results were analyzed statistically.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in operation duration, intraoperative bleeding volume, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, cervical curvature index, range of motion and neural function recovery rate. The neural functions were satisfactorily improved after surgery in both groups, while the severity of axial symptoms was significantly lower in the narrow-open group than in the wide-open group (P equal to 0.003). The incidence of C(5) palsy in the wide-open group was higher than that in the narrow-open group (5.3% vs 0), even though the difference did not reach statistical significance (one tailed Fisher's exact test, P equal to 0.17).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Proper inward shift of the hinge can ensure effectiveness of surgical decompression, avoid an excessive backward shift of the spinal cord, decrease the incidence of C(5) palsy and alleviate the severity of axial symptoms.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Laminectomy , Methods , Spondylosis , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the relationship of changes of amide A in rabbit heart and the postmortem interval (PMI) by FTIR spectroscopy technique.@*METHODS@#Thirty-two rabbits were sacrificed and the hearts were sampled at 20 degrees C within 48 h postmortem points. All samples were sliced and tested by FTIR spectroscopy technique. The images of amide A were created by FTIR spectroscopic imaging. The positive and negative area ratios of amide A were analyzed using imaging analysis system.@*RESULTS@#The positive and negative area ratios declined regularly with the prolongation of death time in 48 h. There was a significant quadric relationship between the area ratios (y) of amide A (positive and negative area) and PMI(x). The regression equation was y = 0.001x2-0.038x + 0.747(R2 = 0.940).@*CONCLUSION@#The ratios of positive and negative area of amide A showed a strong correlation with PMI and could be used to estimate PMI.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Amides/metabolism , Forensic Pathology/methods , Myocardium/metabolism , Postmortem Changes , Regression Analysis , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the changes of iron content in serum and liver, ferritin content in serum, percentage of myeloperoxidase (MPO) positive granulocyte in rabbits after different serious trauma and to explore the relationship between these changes and multiple organ failure (MOF).@*METHODS@#Rabbit trauma models were established. Iron content in serum and liver, ferritin content in serum and the percentage of MPO positive granulocyte were measured at different time after trauma.@*RESULTS@#After trauma, iron content in serum decreased sharply in early period (12-36h) and increased gradually to normal level in mild traumatic group after 60 h. Iron content in serum remained lower level in severe traumatic and death group 60 h after trauma. Iron content in liver obviously increased in death group. The changes of ferritin content in serum in mild traumatic were not obvious. Ferritin contents in serum in severe injury group and death group were slightly higher in early period and decreased in later period. The percentage of MPO positive granulocyte increased in early period after trauma. The percentage began to decrease 6 d after trauma and returned to normal level in mild traumatic group. The percentage obviously was significantly lower than normal levels in severe traumatic group and death group 6 d after trauma. Some rabbits died 60 h-6 d after severe trauma, and the pathological changes in the other organs were consistent with MOF.@*CONCLUSION@#Trauma can cause the serum iron, ferritin levels and percentage of MPO positive granulocyte changes. Severe trauma can cause uncompensated changes of these indicators, which could be the main mechanisms of MOF and death.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rabbits , Disease Models, Animal , Ferritins/metabolism , Injury Severity Score , Iron/metabolism , Leukocyte Count , Liver/metabolism , Multiple Organ Failure/pathology , Multiple Trauma/pathology , Peroxidase/metabolism , Time Factors , Wounds and Injuries/pathologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify radiographic predictors of residual low back pain (LBP) after laminectomy for lumbar canal stenosis (LCS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical results and radiographic findings in 69 patients who underwent single level laminectomy for LCS were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who had an improvement in LBP scores evaluated by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scoring system during the follow-up periods were classified as the recovery group, and others were classified as the non-recovery group. Patients'clinical data and radiographic parameters like lordosis angle, range of motion and intervertebral rotational angle were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis to detect factors significantly related with the occurrence of residual LBP.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average preoperative JOA score of 14.8+/-5.05 improved to 21.59+/-5.51 at the final follow-up. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that significant predictors of residual LBP were preoperative lumbar lordosis angle and range of motion.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results suggest that patients with flat back and limited lumbar mobility before surgery tend to have poor results in terms of LBP. Therefore, these sagittal radiographic parameters should be taken into account when choosing laminectomy as the surgical option for LCS.</p>
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Laminectomy , Low Back Pain , Diagnostic Imaging , Lumbosacral Region , Prognosis , Radiography , Retrospective Studies , Spinal Stenosis , General Surgery , Spine , Diagnostic Imaging , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To demonstrate the myocardial lesion associated with long-term administration of methamphetamine in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The experimental models of intoxication of methamphetamine were established in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methamphetamine hydrochloride (3 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) was subcutaneously injected to rats in methamphetamine-treated group (n = 16), and normal saline at the same dose was injected to rats in control group (n = 16). After 1 week and 8 weeks of injection, 8 rats in each group were sacrificed and their hearts were examined with light microscopy and electron microscopy, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 1 week of methamphetamine exposure, foci of contraction band and cellular degeneration were present in subendocardial myocardium. Cellular degeneration, myocytolysis, and contraction band necrosis became prominent and extensive in methamphetamine-treated rats after 8 weeks. Hypertrophy, intracellular vacuolization, and fibrosis were also observed. The ultrastructural feature showed marked swelling and degeneration of mitochondria, enlargement of sarcoplasmic reticulum, and dissolution of myofilaments. No obvious cardiac myocyte lesions were observed in rats of control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Methamphetamine abuse daily for a long time may result in an increased risk of cardiovascular lesions similar to cardiomyopathy.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Humans , Male , Rats , Heart , Methamphetamine , Myocardium , Pathology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To find an objective method for estimation of postmortem interval (PMI) with single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy at different temperature.@*METHODS@#Changes of metabolite peak area and peak area ratio of the N-acetylaspartate (Naa), choline (Cho) and total creatine (Cr) in the brain of 24 rabbit models were measured by 1H-MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16 and 24 h, respectively after death.@*RESULTS@#Naa and Cr decreased continuously with the extension of PMI, and the ratios of Naa/Cr and Cho/Cr also decreased continuously with the extension of PMI within 24 h. The quadratic polynomial regression equation is y=0.0019x2-0.803x+1.4498 (R2=0.962) (Equation 1) with the Naa/Cr used as an independent variable, while the quadratic polynomial regression equation is y=-0.0024x2+0.926x+1.1777 (R2=0.986) (Equation 2) with the Cho/Cr used as an independent variable. The average deviations were about 2.10-37.90 min and 1.69-40.87 min, respectively if the PMI was estimated by Equation 1 and Equation 2, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Our study indicates that there is a strong correlation between Naa/Cr, Cho/Cr and PMI, which may be used for estimation of PMI at different temperature.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Aspartic Acid/analysis , Brain Chemistry , Choline/analysis , Creatine/analysis , Forensic Pathology , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Postmortem Changes , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#The purpose of our study was to evaluate the postmortem interval with multi-voxel 1H-MR spectroscopy.@*METHODS@#Twelve healthy rabbits were studied and the quantities of N-acetylaspartate, total choline, phosphocreatine and creatine were measured by 1H-MR spectroscopy after death at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, and 24 h.@*RESULTS@#The levels of Naa/Cr and Naa/Ch decreased following death, while the level of Ch/Cr increased initially and then decreased following death.@*CONCLUSION@#Multi-voxel proton MR spectroscopy for Naa/Cr and Ch/Cr metabolic ratio could be used in future postmortem interval studies.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rabbits , Aspartic Acid/metabolism , Biomarkers/metabolism , Brain/pathology , Choline/metabolism , Creatine/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Embolism, Air , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/methods , Phosphocreatine/metabolism , Postmortem Changes , Protons , Regression Analysis , Time FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the chemical constituents of the root of Paeonia sinjiangensis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The constituents were isolated by silica column chromatography, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis and their physical-chemical constants.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five compounds, paeoniflorin( I ), albiflorin (II), lactiflorin(III), daucosterol(IV), sucrose (V), were obtained.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>All of the compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.</p>