Effects of different courses of moxibustion treatment on intestinal flora and inflammation of a rat model of knee osteoarthritis / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#This study was done to determine the effects of different courses of moxibustion on a rat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) model, and explore the dose-effect relationship of moxibustion on KOA from the perspectives of intestinal flora and inflammatory factors.@*METHODS@#Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal, model, moxibustion for 2 weeks, moxibustion for 4 weeks and moxibustion for 6 weeks groups (n = 5 each group). A KOA rat model was induced by monosodium iodoacetate, and moxibustion intervention was performed at the acupoints "Dubi" (ST35) and "Zusanli" (ST36), once every other day. Pathologic changes in the cartilage of rat knee joints were assessed after intervention, and fecal samples were subjected to 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing for microbial diversity analysis.@*RESULTS@#Damage to the knee articular cartilage was obvious in the model group, which also had increased levels of pro-inflammatory factors, decreased levels of anti-inflammatory factors, and intestinal flora disorders with decreased diversity. The degree of cartilage damage in the 4 and 6 weeks of moxibustion groups was significantly improved compared with the model group. The 4 and 6 weeks of moxibustion groups also demonstrated reduced levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α and increased levels of interleukin-10 (P < 0.05). Both the abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora were increased, approaching those of the normal group. Abundances of probiotics Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group and Ruminococcaceae UCG-014 increased, while that of the pathogenic bacteria Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group decreased (P < 0.05). Although the abundance of Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group decreased in the 2 weeks of moxibustion group compared with the model group (P < 0.05), there was no statistically significant difference in serum inflammatory factors, flora species diversity or degree of pathological damage compared with the model group.@*CONCLUSION@#Moxibustion treatment led to significant improvements in the intestinal flora and inflammatory factors of rats with KOA. Moxibustion treatment of 4 and 6 weeks led to better outcomes than the 2-week course. Moxibustion for 4 and 6 weeks can regulate intestinal flora dysfunction with increased probiotics and reduced pathogenic bacteria, reduce pro-inflammatory factors and increase anti-inflammatory factors. No significant differences were seen between the effects of moxibustion for 4 weeks and 6 weeks.

Effect of moxibustion on quality of life in tumor patients: network Meta-analysis / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To rank the effectiveness of various moxibustion methods on the quality of life in tumor patients, and explore the best treatment plan of moxibustion for improving the quality of life in tumor patients from the perspective of evidence-based medicine.@*METHODS@#The Chinese and English literature of randomized controlled trial (RCT) of the effect of moxibustion on the quality of life in tumor patients were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang and VIP. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to October 31, 2020. The R3.6.2 and Stata15.0 software were used for network Meta-analysis based on Bayesian model.@*RESULTS@#A total of 30 Chinese RCTs were included, including 2 169 patients, involving 16 interventions. In terms of the effectiveness of improving quality of life, the top three treatments were special moxibustion plus other therapies 1 (either of tendon acupuncture, acupoint pressing, acupoint injection, etc.), wheat-grain moxibustion and mild moxibustion. The special moxibustion methods were the combination of fire-dragon moxibustion, thunder-fire moxibustion, fuyang fire moxibustion and moxa salt-bag moxibustion. The number of literature of these four moxibustion methods was small. Considering the clinical application of moxibustion, it was concluded that wheat-grain moxibustion ranked first.@*CONCLUSION@#The adjuvant treatment of wheat-grain moxibustion is more effective than other moxibustion methods on improving the quality of life in tumor patients, but the results needed to be further verified because the bias risk of RCT included in this study is high and the sample size is small.

The Best Time of Minimal Residual Disease Monitoring for Predicting Survival and Prognosis in Children with T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the optimal time of monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) for predicting survival and prognosis in children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) after treated by CCLG-ALL2008 chemotherapy.@*METHODS@#96 children with T-ALL receiving CCLG-ALL2008 chemotherapy treated in our hospital from January 2015 to January 2020 were retrospectively summarized. The follow-up time was 9.0-65.0 months, with a median of 43.5 months. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to detect the overall event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of the patients. The clinical data, MRD levels after 15 d, 33 d and 90 d chemotherapy between EFS group and relapse group, as well as OS group and death group were compared by using univariate analysis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the main risk factors affecting EFS and OS of the patients. The patients were divided into low, moderate and high-risk according to the MRD level after 15 d, 33 d and 90 d, the differences of EFS and OS between each groups were compared again.@*RESULTS@#By the end of follow-up, 50 patients recurred and other 46 patients non-recurred; 40 patients died and 56 patients survived, the EFS was (49.5±6.3)% and OS was (61.5±5.9)%. Univariate analysis showed that the initial WBC count in EFS group (n=46) was significantly lower than that in relapse group (n=50), and MRD levels after 33 d and 90 d were significantly less also (P0.05), however for 90 d, EFS and OS of the patients in high-risk group were significantly lower than those in medium-risk group, and those in medium-risk group were lower than those in low-risk group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The MRD level after 90 days CCLG-ALL2008 chemotherapy may be the best time to predict the survival and prognosis in T-ALL children.

Effects of neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio on heart valve calcification in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveCardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with hemodialysis (HD) end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This paper analyzes and discusses the relationship between neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and heart valve calcification (CVC) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of CVC.MethodsThe demographic data, relevant clinical indicators and laboratory examination results of 135 patients with MHD in the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University were retrospectively analyzed to calculate the NLR value. Echocardiography was used to detect the incidence of CVC in the patients, and they were divided into calcification group and non-calcification group. The correlation between NLR value and CVC in MHD patients was analyzed, and the independent risk factors of CVC were discussed by using Logistic regression.ResultsAmong the 135 MHD patients, CVC was found in 59 cases (43.7%). Compared with the non-calcification group, patients in the calcification group showed significant increases in age, dialysis age, high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (HsCRP), ALP and NLR, with statistically significant differences (P5.02 (OR=17.709, P=0.046) were independent risk factors for heart valve calcification in MHD patients.ConclusionThe incidence of heart valve calcification is high in MHD patients, and NLR is an independent risk factor for it.

Study on the body surface temperature variation patterns of the meridian acupoints related to the physiological status of the uterus / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: By observing the body surface temperature changes of different meridian acupoints located at the same or adjacent spinal segments of the uterus during the whole storing and releasing process of the uterus under normal physiological condition by the infrared thermal imaging technology, to explore the specific patterns that the functions of Zang-fu organs are reflected on the biophysical characteristics of acupoints, and to enrich the functional specificity theory of the meridian acupoints, thus to provide a reference for discussing the biophysical characteristics of meridian acupoints associated with the menstrual cycle in healthy female college students. Methods: Ninety healthy subjects were included. Infrared thermal imaging device was used to detect the body surface temperature of the Yuan-Primary points, the Xi-Cleft points, the crossing points, the non-specific points, the unrelated meridian acupoints and the non-meridian non-acupoint points of the three yin meridians of foot located at the same or adjacent spinal cord segment with uterus, during the menstrual phase, the follicular phase, the ovulation phase and the luteal phase. The absolute skin temperature difference between the left and right acupoints with the same name was used as the main outcome indicator. Results: The temperature difference between left and right Diji (SP 8, the Xi-Cleft point of the Spleen Meridian) during the ovulation phase was significantly higher than that during the other 3 phases (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the temperature difference between the other meridian acupoints and non-meridian non-acupoint points during the 4 phases (all P>0.05); the absolute temperature difference value of each meridian acupoint was not statistically different from each other in the same phase (all P>0.05). Conclusion: The temperature of Diji (SP 8) specifically reflected the onset of ovulation, and the thermal characteristics of Diji (SP 8) specifically reflected the physiological changes of uterus. The meridian acupoints reflecting the performance of Zang-fu function is not only associated with the spinal cord segment innervating the acupoints, but also associated with the characteristics of the acupoints and the meridians to which the acupoints belong.

Related factors and the long-term outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention of premature acute myocardial infarction / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the related factors of premature acute myocardial infarction(AMI), and to compare the the long-term outcomes in patients with and without premature AMI after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study.From January 2013 to December 2013, 10 724 consecutive patients with coronary heart disease undergoing PCI in Fuwai Hospital were enrolled. Among them 1 920 patients with the diagnosis of AMI were divided into two groups: premature AMI (man≤50 years old, woman≤60 years old) and non-premature AMI. The baseline characteristics were collected, and multivariate logistic regression was uesed to analysis the related factors of premature AMI. The clinical outcomes, including the major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events(MACCE) which was the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke and stent thrombosis, as well as bleeding events, during hospitalization, at 2 years and 5 years follow-up were analyzed. Results: A total of 1 920 AMI patiens were included(age was (56.5±11.3) years old)，with 1 612(84.0%) males. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in gender, body mass index, blood lipid, complications, inflammatory markers, etc (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed body mass index(OR=1.06, 95%CI 1.01-1.10, P<0.01), triglyceride(OR=1.47, 95%CI 1.14-1.90, P<0.01), serum uric acid level(OR=1.02, 95%CI 1.01-1.04, P<0.01), high density lipoprotein cholesterol level(OR=0.33, 95%CI 0.14-0.78, P=0.01) and history of hypertension(OR=0.72, 95%CI 0.56-0.93, P=0.01) were independent related factors of premature AMI. The incidence of all-cause death and cardiac death were lower during hospitalization, at 2 years and 5 years follow-up in the premature AMI group than in non-premature AMI group(all P<0.05). In the premature AMI group, the incidence of MACCE and stroke was lower, with more bleeding events in 5 years follow-up(all P<0.05). Conclusions: Metabolic abnormalities, including high BMI, high triglyceride level and high serum uric acid, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level are the related factor of premature AMI. The incidence of ischemic events in patients with premature AMI is lower, while the incidence of bleeding events is higher than non-premature AMI patients.

Features of clinical application of eye acupuncture therapy revealed by data mining / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the features, dominant indications and application regularities of eye acupuncture therapy in clinical practice. METHODS: We first collected original articles, academic dissertations, conference articles, and case reports from databases of CNKI, Wanfang, and Chinese biomedical literature (CBM) from Jan. 1 of 1980 to Dec. 31 of 2017, and medical records from medical books of Zhonghua Yan Zhen (Chinese Eye Acupuncture Therapy), Yanzhen Shijian Lu (Records of Application of Eye Acupuncture Therapy), and Peng Jing-shan's Yanzhen Liaofa Yanjiu (Peng Jing-shan's Eye Acupuncture Therapy) by using keyword of "eye acupuncture". Then, we established an "Eye-acupuncture Database" after sorting, screening, typing-in, checking, and extraction of the collected data by SQL server 2005 and 2005 Analysis Services (SASS), followed by analysis of the dominant indications, needling methods, needle manipulations, principles for acupoint selection, and clinical effect. RESULTS: Among the 850 articles retrieved, 178 were eligible to be subjected to analysis, including 42 disorders/diseases in 7 categories. The eye acupuncture therapy has the highest application frequency for 19 types of disorders/diseases of the internal medicine, such as sequela of apoplexy, hiccup, insomnia, vertigo, hypertension, etc., followed by head and body pain (7 types: headache, lumbago, sciatica, shoulder pain, etc.), disorders of the ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology (deafness, squinting eyes, dry eye syndrome, amblyopia, etc.), traumatic injury, gynecopathy, acute pain (biliary colic, renal colic). The effect rate was 95.87% for disorders of the gynecopathy, 95.54% for head and body pain, 94.53% for traumatic skin injury, 92.16% for emergency, 91.98% for disorders of the five sense organs, 91.43% for problems of the internal medicine, etc. Regarding the principle of acupoint selection, acupoints were chosen mainly according to the meridian running (146 articles), local region of the eye (14 articles) and diseased location (153 articles). A total of 157 articles have a marked description about the needling methods, including horizontal needling (81 articles), intra-orbital straight needling (22 articles), extra-orbital oblique needling (13 articles), etc. The duration of needle retaining was mostly from 15 to 30 minutes, and the handle-scraping was frequently adopted (34 articles), and the overall treatment frequency ranged from 11 to 20 times. In regard to the medical records, a total of 53 types of disorders were involved, including 37 types of the internal medicine such as stroke sequelae (34 articles), facial paralysis (11 articles), etc. The acupoints were selected according to the local region of eye (129 articles), the needle insertion involved horizontal needling (102 articles), and cured rate reported was higher than 90%. CONCLUSION: Eye acupuncture therapy is widely used for a variety of disorders and has a positive effect, particularly for stroke sequelae and various acute and chronic pain problems.

Reconstruction of Hematopoietic Function of Human Placental Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Non-Lethally Radiated Mice / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of human placental hematopoietic stem cells (PHSCs) on hematopoietic reconstruction in non-lethally irradiated mice.@*METHODS@#Human placental HSCs were extracted by mechanical method combined with zymolysis and were identified by flow cytometry and colony formationtest. Twenty-five NOG mice were divided randomly into 4 groups: the blank control group (n=5), the irradiated group (n=4), the low dose PHSC group (n=8) and the high dose PHSC group (n=8). The mice in the irradiated, the low dose and the high dose PHSC groups were irradiated with X-rays at dose 1 Gy (100 cGy/min) under sterile condition. The mice in the low dose PHSC group and the high dose PHSC group were injected intravenously with 0.1 ml human placental HSC in dose of 2×10 and 1×10, respectively. The mice in the blank control and the irradiated group were injected with the same volume of saline. The mice were weighed weekly, and the changes of body weight were calculated. The peripheral blood was collected from each group at 4, 8 and 12 week for flow cytometrytic detection of human CD45 and myeloid and lymphoid cells.@*RESULTS@#The flow cytometry and cell-colong formation test showed that the human placental HSC accounted for more than 0.75% of total placental mononuclear cells, moreover possess the differentiation ability. Compared with the blank control group, the relative weight gain in the irradiated, the low dose PHSC, and the high dose PHSC groups decreased significantly, and the relative weight gain in the low dose PHSC and the high dose PHSC group increased significantly as compared with the irradiated group. Flow cytometry showed that at the tine-point of 12 weeks after transplantation, the human blood immune system in the high-dose PHSC mice began long-term reconstruction, while the ratio of human CD45 cells in the low-dose PHSC mice was very low.@*CONCLUSION@#After transplantation of human PHSC the non-lethally irradiated mice can obtain short-term and long-term reconstruetion of human blood cells, which demonstrated that human placental HSC can differentiate and reconstruct hematopoietic function in vivo of irradiated mice.

Report of ten cases of hematologic malignancies with idic(20q-) and literature review / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical and molecular cytogenetic features of hematologic malignancies with idic(20q-).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 10 patients with idic (20q-) were analyzed. Karyotyping analysis was carried out with R banding technique. A CEP20 probe was used to perform single-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A subtelomeric probe for 20q and a locus-specific probe for 20q12 were used to perform dual-color FISH. The literatures of hematologic malignancies with idic(20q-) were reviewed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 10 cases, 2 were diagnosed as acute erythroid leukemia, 1 primary myelofibrosis, 3 myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and 4 highly suspected (HS-MDS). Karyotype analysis showed that one of the normal chromosome 20 allele was substituted by one or two metacentric isochromosomes smaller than the normal one in all 10 cases. It was confirmed to be der(20)del(20)(q11q13)idic(20)(p11), i.e., idic(20q-) by FISH assay. Partial cells in 2 of the 10 cases had 20q- as the sole karyotypic anomaly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Idic(20q-) results from a pre-existing del(20q) and is strongly associated with MDS and acute erythroid leukemia. Idic(20q-) as a recurrent cytogenetic abnormality is helpful for diagnosing HS-MDS in patients with cytopenia but only slight or absent dysplasia.</p>

Diversity changes of the microbial communities and bla(CTX-M) genes in urban river sediments treated with cefotaxime / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diversity changes of microbial communities and bla(CTX-M) in an urban river sediment community with cefotaxime treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) of 16S rDNA was employed to analyze the bacteria community, and the bla(CTX-M) was determined using nested PCR. The sediment was treated by cefotaxime at the concentrations of 0, 6.4, 64, and 320 mg/L.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to statistical analysis of the T-RFs, no significant correlation was observed between the antibiotic treatment and the microbial community change, but incubation in laboratory conditions had significant effect on the microbial diversity. The PCR results showed that the diversity of bla(CTX-M) decreased after the laboratory incubation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As there are diverse antibiotic resistant bacteria in the sediments with prior pollution by antibiotics, the whole community can be inert to the antibiotic treatment. Nevertheless, the ex situ treatment conditions in laboratory studies have a significant impact on the community structures.</p>

Effect of hepatitis C virus core protein on cholangiocarcinoma tissues' epithelial-mesenchymal transition / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the role of hepatitis C virus core protein on the infiltration and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2001 to November 2006, 34 patients with cholangiocarcinoma who had intact follow-up data randomly were chosen. The expression of HCVc protein, epithelium markers and mesenchymal markers in cholangiocarcinoma tissues were examined by SP methods of immunohistochemistry, clinical-pathological data were recorded and analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate was observed in 47.1% for HCVc protein, 50% for N-cadherin, 44.1% for Vimentin, 55.9% for Fibronectin and the decreased expression rate was E-cadherin for 55.9%, alpha-catenin for 70.6%, beta-catenin for 55.9%. The positive expression of HCVc protein was associated with the decreased expression of E-cadherin, alpha-catenin and the positive expression of N-cadherin, Vimentin, Fibronectin (chi(2) = 4.480, 4.163, 4.250, 7.438, 12.260, P < 0.05). A positive-correlation between the expression of HCVc protein and metastasis of lymph nodes and other organs were found (chi(2) = 5.708, 4.163, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HCVc protein might promote cholangiocarcinoma tissues' infiltration and metastasis by inducing it's epithelial-mesenchymal transition.</p>

Expression of P33ING1, P53 and their relationship with apoptosis in anal canal carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expressions of P33ING1, P53 and their relationships with apoptosis in anal canal carcinoma (ACC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of P33ING1, P53 proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry method (SP method), and apoptosis was detected in 42 cases with ACC, 36 cases with anal canal adenoma (ACA) or anal canal papilloma (ACP), and 40 cases with paraanal inflammatory mass(PAIM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rates of P33ING1 and P53 proteins were 40.5% (17/42), 97.2% (35/36) and 97.5% (39/40), 50.0% (21/42), 22.2% (8/36) and 27.5% (11/40) respectively, and the average apoptosis indexes(AI) were (10.27+/- 1.23) per thousand, (42.75+/- 0.98) per thousand and (42.67+/- 1.04) per thousand respectively in ACC, ACA or ACP and PAIM. There were significant differences in the positive expression rates of P33ING1, P53 and apoptosis index between ACC and the other two groups respectively (P< 0.05). Among 21 cases of ACC with positive expression of P53 protein,there were 18 cases with P33ING1 negative expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>P33ING1 expression decrease in ACC, which may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and progression of ACC. P33ING1 and P53 may have an synergistic effect of suppressing cell growth and accelerating cell apoptosis.</p>

Clinical and experimental study of 7 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with dic(7;9) (pll;pll) / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the laboratory and clinical features of 7 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with dic(7;9) (pll;pll).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cytogenetic examination of bone marrow cells was performed by direct method or short-term culture method. R banding technique was used for karyotype analysis. bcr/abl fusion gene was detected by interphase FISH using dual-color bcr/abl probe in 6 cases. FISH using chromosome 7-specific alpha-satellite DNA probe and chromosome 9-specific alpha-satellite DNA probe and chromosome painting using whole chromosome 7 and 9 paints probes were performed respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven (0.88%) of 800 ALL patients were found to have dic(7;9) abnormality. Among them, dic(7;9) was the sole abnormality in 2 cases, t(9;22), other additional aberrations besides dic(7;9) in 4 cases and dic (7;9) with other abnormalities but no t(9;22) in one case. Hyperleukocytosis (> 100 x 10(9)/L) was found in 4 cases with dic(7;9) and t(9;22), and patients without t(9;22) had WBC < 100 x 10(9)/L. Enlargement of liver, spleen and/or lymph nodes were found in 6 cases. Immunophenotyping showed that 5/6 cases of dic (7;9) ALL were of B lineage. Dual-color FISH detected bcr/abl rearrangement in 3/6 cases and confirmed that the centromere of the derivative chromosome was originated from both chromosomes 7 and 9. A reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 7 and 9 was proved by chromosome painting.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>dic(7;9) was a rare, but recurrent chromosome abnormality in ALL and had some clinical and laboratory features.</p>