Frequency of subgroups of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma by immunohistochemistry

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of subgroups [germinal centre and non germinal centre of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma [DLBCL] in a tertiary care hospital

MATERIALS AND METHODS: It is a descriptive cross sectional study performed in histopathology department, clinical laboratories Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Karachi. 62 cases of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma were collected during fifteen [15] months period from April 2011 to June 2012

All resected specimens and small biopsies were grossed; sections were processed overnight and stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin [HandE] for morphologic evaluation. The panel of lymphoid antibodies included CD20, CD79a, CD3, Ki-67 and Pax5 were used for the diagnosis of DLBCL

Then monoclonal antibodies CD 10, BCL-6 and MUM-1 were applied for subgrouping of DLBCL

RESULTS: In a total of 62 cases of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma, 27 [44%] cases were categorized as germinal centre like subgroup and 35 [56%] were categorized as non germinal centre like subgroup. Patient's ages ranged from 04 to 95 years. 58% patients were males and 42% were females with male to female ratio1.4:1. 36 [58%] cases were extranodal and 26[42%] were nodal lymphoma. Non germinal center like subgrpoup was preponderance in both nodal and extranodal lymphoma as 15 [58%] and 20[56%] respectively

CONCLUSION: This study reports an increased number of patients of non germinal centre subgroup of Diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Mean age of patient was 45 years

Non hodgkin's lymphoma - a study

The objective of the study was to determine the frequency and pattern ofNon Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL] in adults in a tertiary care hospital. This retrospective study was conducted at Histopathology Department, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital over a period of 09 years, from 2003 to 2011. 192 cases ofNon Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL] were retrieved from surgical pathology record. After routine H and E stain examination, a panel of immunohistochemical stains was applied on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue. The data was analyzed for type of lymphoma, age and sex distribution, site of biopsy and immunophenotypic features. Out of 192 cases ofNon Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL], 132 [69%] were males and 60 [31%] were females. Mean age of patients was 46.7 years and median age was 47 years. B cell lymphoma was out numbered [87%] than T cell lymphoma [13%]. Diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma was the commonest [113] B cell lymphoma followed by other types of lymphoma. 52% cases were from extra nodal sites followed by 34% of nodal lymphoma. Site of biopsy was not mentioned in 14% cases. In adults, B cell Lymphoma is more frequent than T cell Lymphoma with Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma being the commonest Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma

Histopathological audit of oral epithelial lesions

The objective of the study was to see the morphological pattern and frequency of oral epithelial lesions. All oral biopsies received in the Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, over a period of 5 years were reviewed and relevant special stains were performed. A total of 685 cases were reviewed. Five hundred twelve [75%] were found neoplastic and 173 [25%] were non neoplastic. Granuloma Pyogenicum was the commonest [65] non neoplastic lesions. In neoplastic lesions, 498 cases were epithelial while 14 cases were diagnosed as non-epithelial lesions. Squamous cell carcinoma was found to be commonest [412 cases] epithelial malignant neoplastic lesion. There was a single case of benign epithelial lesion[Papilloma]. The epithelial precursor lesions include 75[15%] cases of hyperplasia followed by 10[2%] showing mild dysplasia. Oral malignant epithelial lesions were common in 5th decade of life in males and 4th decade in females. In non epithelial lesions, commonest benign lesion was Hemangioma [8] followed by Neurofibroma [1], Neurolemmoma [1], Kaposi Sarcoma [1] and single case of Lymphoma. Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest malignant epithelial lesion. Granuloma pyogenicum was the commonest non neoplastic lesion of oral cavity

Frequency and pattern of ovarian tumours

To evaluate the frequency and types of ovarian tumours with respect to age. All the ovarian tumours which were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Muhammad Medical College Hospital Mirpurkhas over a five years period from January 2005 to December 2009 were reviewed. A total of 227 cases were reviewed. 181 lesions were found benign tumours and 46 were malignant. Surface epithelial tumours were common benign tumours and consist of serous cyst adenoma with a frequency of 55% followed by mucinous cyst adenoma 20%. Benign germ cell tumours was 25%. In malignant tumours, serous cyst adenocarcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion 38% followed by 17% cases of mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma and one [2%] case of clear cell carcinoma. Germ cell tumours were composed of immature teratoma 11%, yalk sac tumour 9%, mixed germ cell tumour 4% and a single case of dysgerminoma with a frequency of 2%. The frequency of sex- cord stromal tumours was 17%. Most of the benign tumours were found in 3[rd] and 4[th] decades of life. However maximum number of malignant tumours was seen in 5th and 6th decades. In this study surface epithelial tumours were the major histological type of ovarian tumours followed by germ cell tumours

Oesophageal carcinoma: a review of endoscopic biopsies

To evaluate the frequency and pattern of esophageal carcinoma with respect to age and sex groups. All esophageal biopsies received in the Department of Pathology Muhammad Medical College Hospital Mirpurkhas over a five years period from January 2004 to December 2008 were reviewed and the cases of esophageal cancers studied in detail. A total of 215 cases were reviewed. There were 57 benign lesions and 158 were malignant. Out of 158 malignant lesions, the common carcinoma was squamous cell carcinoma 150 [95%] followed by five [3%] cases of adenocarcinoma and three [2%] cases of undifferentiated carcinoma. Females were predominant 57% as compared to males 43% with female to male ratio 1.3:1. Maximum number of the patients was seen in 5th decade of life followed by 4th and 6th decades. Squamous cell carcinoma is the commonest esophageal carcinoma followed by Adenocarcinoma

Thyroid carcinoma in Pakistan: a retrospective review of 998 cases from an academic referral center

To address the need for epidemiologic data on thyroid carcinoma in Pakistan, we evaluated the frequency and types of thyroid carcinoma with respect to age and sex. In a retrospective study conducted at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre in Karachi, we reviewed thyroid lesions reported over a period of 5 years, from July 2000 to June 2005. Pathology slides were studied to determine the types and frequencies of malignant lesions of the thyroid. Of 998 thyroid lesions reviewed, 153 cases were malignant. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion with a frequency of 90.2%, followed by 4.5% for medullary carcinoma, 2% for follicular carcinoma, 2% for undifferentiated carcinoma and 0.7% each for mixed medullary and papillary carcinoma and poorly differentiated carcinoma. Females were predominant [82.4%] as compared with males [17.6%] for a female-to-male ratio 4.7:1. The maximum number of the patients were in the fourth decade of life followed by the third and second decades. The commonest malignant thyroid lesion was papillary carcinoma. Thyroid cancer was more common in females. Papillary, medullary and follicular carcinomas were found in patients in the third and fourth decades of life, while poorly and undifferentiated carcinomas were diagnosed from the fifth to seventh decades of life

Frequency and pattern of ovarian tumours

To evaluate the frequency and types of ovarian tumours with respect to age. All the ovarian tumours that were diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, over a 5 years period from January 2004 to December 2008 were reviewed. A total of 227 cases were reviewed. 181 lesions were found benign tumours and 46 were malignant. Surface epithelial tumours were common benign consisting consist of serous cyst adenoma with a frequency of 55% followed by mucinous cyst adenoma 20%. Benign germ cell tumours were 25%. In malignant tumours, serous cystadenocarcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion 38%, followed by 17% cases of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and 1 [2%] case of clear cell carcinoma. Germ cell tumours were composed of immature teratoma 11%, yolk sac tumour 9%, mixed germ cell tumour 4% and a single case of dysgerminoma with a frequency of 2%. The frequency of sex cord stromal tumours was 17%. Most of the benign tumours were found in 3[rd] and 4[th] decades of life. However maximum number of malignant tumours was seen in 5[th] and 6[th] decades. Surface epithelial tumours were the major histological type of ovarian tumours followed by germ cell tumours

Histopathological audit of goiter: a study of 998 thyroid lesions

Nodular goiter is the commonest Lesion of thyroid gland. This study was carried out to see histopathotogical pattern of thyroid enlargement. All thyroid lesions received in the Department of Pathology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, over a period of five years were reviewed and relevant special stains were performed. A total of 998 Lesions were reviewed. Seven hundred forty three cases were found non-neoplastic and 255 were neoplastic Lesions. Multinodular goiter was found to be the commonest 91.3% non-neoplastic Lesion. In neoplastic lesions, there were 102 benign Lesions and 153 were malignant. All 102 benign Lesions were diagnosed as follicular adenoma as per existing criteria. Out of these, 35 cases showed questionable nuclear changes, which were categorized as well-differentiated tumours of uncertain malignant potential. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant lesion with a total of 138 cases. The commonest cause of goiter was multinodular goiter. Papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignant Lesion