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1.
Enferm. actual Costa Rica (Online) ; (38): 89-102, Jan.-Jun. 2020. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1090089

ABSTRACT

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o grau de dependência de pacientes em uma Unidade de Recuperação Pós-Anestésica, comparando as necessidades de cuidados de enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo. Dois instrumentos validados foram utilizados para classificar os pacientes de acordo com o grau de dependência e o índice Kappa para avaliar a concordância entre os instrumentos. Verificou-se uma prevalência na população masculina de 45 (64,3%), a especialidade médica mais atendida foi a neurocirurgia com 48 (68,6%). 65 pacientes (92,9%) foram geralmente classificados como graves e 59 (84%) a 60 (86%) que necessitaram de cuidados intensivos de enfermagem de acordo com os instrumentos que avaliam o grau de dependência. Conclui-se que o aumento da necessidade de cuidados depende inteiramente da gravidade do paciente e pode-se verificar que a faixa etária e os procedimentos invasivos realizados são variáveis que envolvem diretamente os cuidados prestados, uma vez que esses fatores contribuem diretamente para o aumento da o grau de dependência e duração da permanência no serviço de saúde.


Abstract The objective of this research was to analyze the degree of dependence of patients in a Post Anesthesia Recovery Unit comparing nursing care needs. It is a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study. Two validated instruments were used to classify patients according to the degree of dependence, and the Kappa index was used to assess the agreement between the instruments. It was found that there is a prevalence of the male population of 45 (64.3%), the most attended medical specialty was neurosurgery with 48 (68.6%). 65 patients (92.9%) were generally classified as serious and 59 (84%) to 60 (86%) who required intensive nursing care according to the instruments that assess the degree of dependence. It is concluded that the increase in the need for care depends entirely on the severity of the patient, and it can be verified that the age group and the invasive procedures performed are variables that directly involve the care provided since these factors contribute directly to the increase in the degree of dependence and duration of stay in the health service.


Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar el grado de dependencia de los pacientes en una Unidad de Recuperación Post anestesia comparando las necesidades de atención de enfermería. Es un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y descriptivo. Se utilizaron dos instrumentos validados para clasificar a los pacientes según el grado de dependencia, y se utilizó el índice Kappa para evaluar el acuerdo entre los instrumentos. Se encontró que hay una prevalencia de la población masculina de 45 (64.3%), la especialidad médica más atendida fue la neurocirugía con 48 (68.6%). 65 pacientes (92,9%) estaban en general clasificados como graves y 59 (84%) a 60 (86%) que requerían atención de enfermería intensiva según los instrumentos que evalúan el grado de dependencia. Se concluye que el aumento en la necesidad de atención depende totalmente de la gravedad del paciente, y se puede verificar que el grupo de edad y los procedimientos invasivos realizados son variables que implican directamente la atención brindada, ya que estos factores contribuyen directamente al aumento en el grado de dependencia y duración de la estancia en el servicio de salud.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia Recovery Period , Postanesthesia Nursing , Patient Acuity , Nursing Care
2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180139, 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041506

ABSTRACT

Abstract INTRODUCTION: High percentages of structural identity and cross-immunoreactivity have been reported between potato apyrase and Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase (SmATPDases) isoforms, showing the existence of particular epitopes shared between these proteins. METHODS: Potato apyrase was employed using ELISA, western blot, and mouse immunization methods to verify IgE reactivity. RESULTS: Most of the schistosomiasis patient's (75%) serum was seropositive for potato apyrase and this protein was recognized using western blotting, suggesting that parasite and plant proteins share IgE-binding epitopes. C57BL/6 mice immunized with potato apyrase showed increased IgE antibody production. CONCLUSIONS: Potato apyrase and SmATPDases have IgE-binding epitopes.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Apyrase/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Solanum tuberosum/enzymology , Immunoglobulin E/immunology , Antibodies, Helminth/immunology , Epitopes/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Blotting, Western , Cross Reactions , Mice, Inbred C57BL
3.
ABCS health sci ; 43(1): 14-24, maio 18, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-883996

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O comprometimento da funcionalidade do idoso traz consequências prejudiciais relacionadas à família, comunidade e ao próprio sistema de saúde. OBJETIVO: Estimar a ocorrência da qualidade de vida (QV) ruim entre idosos, além de verificar sua associação com incapacidade funcional, características pessoais, comportamentos de saúde e condições subjetivas de saúde bucal. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico avaliou 361 idosos com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, cadastrados nas três Estratégias de Saúde da Família no município de Ibiaí-MG. A QV foi medida pelo WHOQOL-bref e as variáveis independentes foram características pessoais, comportamentos de saúde, condições subjetivas de saúde bucal e incapacidade funcional. Foram feitas regressões logísticas para estimativa dos modelos múltiplos e o modelo final foi ajustado, mantendo-se as variáveis associadas com p<0,05. RESULTADOS: No domínio físico, constatou-se menor chance de QV ruim entre idosos que possuíam hábitos etilistas, e maior chance entre os idosos que faziam uso de medicamento, que relataram percepção ruim/péssima da aparência dos dentes e gengivas e entre aqueles com incapacidade funcional. No domínio psicológico, observou-se menor chance de QV ruim entre homens, e maior chance entre os idosos que relataram percepção da saúde bucal como ruim/péssima e aqueles com incapacidade funcional. No domínio social, obteve-se maior chance de QV ruim entre idosos que relataram percepção ruim/péssima da aparência dos dentes e gengivas e que apresentaram incapacidade funcional. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se alta ocorrência de QV ruim entre idosos e evidenciouse relação entre QV ruim e incapacidade funcional.


INTRODUCTION: The compromise of elderly functionality has harmful consequences to family, community and the health system. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the occurrence of low quality of life (QOL) among elderly, as well as to verify its association with functional disability, personal characteristics, health behaviors and subjective oral health conditions. METHODS: Epidemiological study with 361 elderly individuals aged equal or higher 60 years registered in the three Family Health Units from the city of Ibiaí-MG. QOL was measured by the WHOQOL-bref questionnaire and the independent variables were personal characteristics, health behaviors, subjective oral health conditions and functional disability. Logistic regressions were made to estimate the multiple models and the final model was adjusted, maintaining the variables associated with p <0.05. RESULTS: In the physical domain, there was a lower chance of low QOL among elderly consuming alcohol, and a higher chance among those using medication, who reported bad/terrible perception of teeth and gums appearance and among those with functional disability. In the psychological domain, there was a lower chance of low QOL among men, and a higher chance among elderly who reported bad/terrible perception of oral health and those with functional disability. In the social domain, there was a higher chance of low QOL among the elderly who reported bad/terrible perception of the teeth and gums appearance and who presented functional disability. CONCLUSION: There was a high occurrence of low QOL among elderly and the relation between low QOL and functional disability was evidenced.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Primary Health Care , Quality of Life , Activities of Daily Living , Oral Health , Health of the Elderly , National Health Strategies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disabled Persons
4.
Interface comun. saúde educ ; 20(57): 437-448, abr.-jun. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-775794

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar os saberes docentes sobre processo ensino-aprendizagem em saúde dos professores de uma universidade pública. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa, na qual os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista com 11 professores, baseando-se no método da entrevista aberta ou em profundidade. Os resultados apontam carência na formação para o exercício da atividade docente em saúde, cujos saberes docentes específicos acarretam um processo de ensino-aprendizagem pautado no ensino tradicional. Ao mesmo tempo, indicam que, ao incorporarem novos saberes, elegem práticas inovadoras e facilitadoras em favorecimento do ensino-aprendizagem discente. Desse modo, destaca-se a necessidade de se ampliar a discussão acerca do tema, sobretudo no que se refere ao papel da gestão e à formação didático-pedagógica do corpo docente em saúde, essencial para se alcançar a formação preconizada pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais.


The aim of this study was to identify the teachers’ knowledge about the teaching-learning process in health among professors from a Public University. A descriptive and qualitative approach was used, eliciting data through open, in-depth interviews with 11 university teachers. Results point to the scarcity of specific training for teaching practice in health, resulting in teaching-learning processes based in traditional teaching. At the same time the results show that as the teachers incorporate new knowledge, they prefer innovative and facilitating practices, improving the students’ teaching-learning process. Thus, the reseach emphasizes the need to expand the discussion on this subject, especially regarding to the role of managerial, didactic and pedagogical training of academic staff involved in health professional education, essential to achieve the standards recommended by the National Curriculum Guidelines.


El objetivo de este trabajo es el de identificar los saberes docentes sobre el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en salud por parte de profesores de una universidad pública. Se trata de una investigación descriptiva, de abordaje cualitativo, cuyos datos fueron obtenidos por medio de entrevistas a 11 profesores, utilizando el método de entrevista abierta o en profundidad. Los resultados apuntan a una carencia en la formación para el ejercicio de actividades docentes en salud, en donde los saberes específicos de los docentes se basan en un proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de acuerdo con el modelo tradicional. Al mismo tiempo, se indica que, al incorporar saberes nuevos, los docentes eligen prácticas innovadoras y facilitadoras que favorezcan la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los alumnos. Se destaca la necesidad de ampliar la discusión sobre el tema, fundamentalmente en lo que se refiere a la gestión y formación didáctica y pedagógica de los docentes de salud, cosa que es esencial para la formación preconizada por las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Universities , Faculty
5.
HU rev ; 41(3/4): 101-111, dez. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1808

ABSTRACT

As proteínas desempenham a maior parte das funções fisiológicas das células, constituindo também importantes alvos farmacológicos e biomarcadores de doenças. A pesquisa qualitativa, quantitativa e a elucidação estrutural destas moléculas são fundamentais para a compreensão do funcionamento dos sistemas biológicos, bem como na aplicação destas para o desenvolvimento de novos métodos diagnóstico. O estudo do proteoma nos permite identificar as proteínas que estão sendo expressas em um determinado momento, quantificá-las e observar suas modificações pós-transducionais. Dessa maneira, a análise proteômica fornece informações mais abrangentes e que não podem ser inferidas a partir das informações obtidas através da análise genômica. Este tipo de estudo envolve etapas como: extração e tratamento da amostra, separação das proteínas e/ou peptídeos, espectrometria de massas e análise dos dados usando ferramentas de bioinformática. O presente trabalho faz uma revisão narrativa sobre as principais técnicas aplicadas desde o preparo de amostras até a identificação das proteínas.


Subject(s)
Mass Spectrometry , Proteomics , Peptides , Biomarkers , Proteins , Computational Biology
6.
Educ. med. super ; 29(4): 880-889, oct.-dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-776395

ABSTRACT

Se objetivó realizar una revisión sistematizada de la literatura sobre las prácticas en salud colectiva del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS) de Brasil, en la carrera de Medicina, bajo la visión de los actores encabezados. Las búsquedas fueron hechas en las bases de datos SciELO y LILACS utilizando las palabras claves medicina, salud colectiva, Atención Primaria a la Salud, Enseño y Sistema Único de Salud cruzadas con el auxilio del operador booleano AND. Se encontraron 105 artículos, pero se trabajó con los 14 que atendían a los criterios de inclusión. Los resultados mostraron la necesidad de analizar la percepción de los sujetos envueltos en el papel que la Atención Primaria de Salud desempeña en la formación del profesional médico en el contexto SUS y en la compresión sobre la inserción del estudiante de medicina en este escenario(AU)


The aim was to perform a systematic review of the literature on practices in public health in the Unified Health System in Brazil, in the course of medicine, from the perspective of the actors involved. Searches were conducted in the SciELO and LILACS, data through keywords medicine, public health, Primary Health Care , Education and Health System crossed with the help of the Boolean operator AND. 105 articles were studied, the final sample consisted of 14 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The results show the need to analyze the perceptions of those involved about the role that primary health care plays in the training of medical professionals in the context of the Unified Health System, as well as understanding about the insertion of a medical student in this scenario(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Teaching/education , Public Health Practice , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Clinical Clerkship/methods , Learning , Education, Medical, Undergraduate/methods
7.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(7): 808-813, Nov. 2011. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-606643

ABSTRACT

A peptide (SmB2LJ; r175-194) that belongs to a conserved domain from Schistosoma mansoni SmATPDase 2 and is shared with potato apyrase, as predicted by in silico analysis as antigenic, was synthesised and its immunostimulatory property was analysed. When inoculated in BALB/c mice, this peptide induced high levels of SmB2LJ-specific IgG1 and IgG2a subtypes, as detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, dot blots were found to be positive for immune sera against potato apyrase and SmB2LJ. These results suggest that the conserved domain r175-194 from the S. mansoni SmATPDase 2 is antigenic. Western blots were performed and the anti-SmB2LJ antibody recognised in adult worm (soluble worm antigen preparation) or soluble egg antigen antigenic preparations two bands of approximately 63 and 55 kDa, molecular masses similar to those predicted for adult worm SmATPDase 2. This finding strongly suggests the expression of this same isoform in S. mansoni eggs. To assess localisation of SmATPDase 2, confocal fluorescence microscopy was performed using cryostat sections of infected mouse liver and polyclonal antiserum against SmB2LJ. Positive reactions were identified on the external surface from the miracidium in von Lichtenberg's envelope and, in the outer side of the egg-shell, showing that this soluble isoform is secreted from the S. mansoni eggs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Antibodies, Helminth/immunology , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Apyrase/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Blotting, Western , Cross Reactions , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Egg Proteins/immunology , Immunohistochemistry , Schistosoma mansoni/enzymology
8.
Rev. ciênc. méd., (Campinas) ; 20(1/2): 31-36, 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-678650

ABSTRACT

Los métodos de esterilización a baja temperatura son muy utilizados, actualmente, para la esterilización de los materiales termosensibles. Este articulo es una revisión bibliográfica que tiene el objetivo de identificar, en la literatura científica, las evidencias de la actividad antimicrobiana, toxicidad, eventos adversos y laaplicabilidad de las tecnologias de esterilización a baja temperatura. La búsqueda de los articulos, fue realizada por medio de la consulta a la base de datos Medline y Google Académico, desde el año 2006 hata octubre de 2009. Para la búsqueda de los articulos, se utilizaron palabras controladas en el idioma inglés y el operador AND para la especificidad del tema que se queria consultar. Fueron leídos y analizados quince articulos en sus totalidades, cuyos los resultados son: (1) El proceso de esterelización por plasma presentó resultados positivos mediante el proceso de esterilización por óxido de etileno; (2) Hay pérdidas en las propriedades en reprocesamiento de catéter de hemodinámica; (3) Falta de reglamentación y seguridad para el reprocesamiento de los materiales de un solo uso; (4) El óxido de etileno no es eficiente en la esterilización de superficies óseas


Subject(s)
Cold Temperature , Ethylene Oxide , Sterilization/methods , Plasma Gases , Catheters , Products with Antimicrobial Action , Toxicity
9.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(4): 370-373, July 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-554799

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we showed for the first time that the conserved domains within Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase isoforms, shared with potato apyrase, possess epitopes for the IgG1 and IgG4 subtypes, as 24 (80 percent) of the 30 schistosomiasis patients were seropositive for this vegetable protein. The analyses for each patient cured (n = 14) after treatment (AT) with praziquantel revealed variable IgG1 and IgG4 reactivity against potato apyrase. Different antigenic epitopes shared between the vegetable and parasite proteins could be involved in susceptibility or resistance to S. mansoni AT with praziquantel and these possibilities should be explored.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Helminth/immunology , Apyrase/immunology , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Solanum tuberosum/enzymology , Anthelmintics , Cross Reactions , Praziquantel , Schistosomiasis mansoni
10.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 105(4): 374-379, July 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-554800

ABSTRACT

Schistosoma mansoni ATP diphosphohydrolase isoforms and potato apyrase share conserved epitopes. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, elevated levels of IgM, IgG2a and IgG1 antibody reactivity against potato apyrase were observed in S. mansoni-infected BALB/c mice during the acute phase of infection, while only IgM and IgG1 antibody reactivity levels maintained elevated during the chronic phase of infection. Antibody reactivity against potato apyrase was monitored over an 11-month period in chronically-infected mice treated with oxamniquine. Eleven months later, the level of seropositive IgM decreased significantly (~30 percent) compared to the level found in untreated, infected mice. The level of seropositive IgG1 decreased significantly four months after treatment (MAT) (61 percent) and remained at this level even after 11 months. The IgG2a reactivity against potato apyrase, although unchanged during chronic phase to 11 MAT, appeared elevated again in re-infected mice suggesting a response similar to that found during the acute phase. BALB/c mouse polyclonal anti-potato apyrase IgG reacted with soluble egg antigens probably due to the recognition of parasite ATP diphosphohydrolase. This study, for the first time, showed that the IgG2a antibody from S. mansoni-infected BALB mice cross-reacts with potato apyrase and the level of IgG2a in infected mice differentiates disease phases. The results also suggest that different conserved-epitopes contribute to the immune response in schistosomiasis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Antibodies, Helminth/immunology , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Apyrase/immunology , Schistosoma mansoni/immunology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Solanum tuberosum/enzymology , Acute Disease , Anthelmintics , Chronic Disease , Cross Reactions , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin G/immunology , Immunoglobulin M/immunology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Oxamniquine , Schistosomiasis mansoni
11.
Ciênc. cult. (Säo Paulo) ; 47(3): 151-66, May-Jun. 1995. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-191371

ABSTRACT

The cells of blood vessel walls and the external surface of all blood cells have an ecto-ATPase which hydrolyzes ATP to ADP and also ADP to AMP. This enzyme has also been called apyrase or ATP-diphosphohydrolase. The enzyme hydrolyzes a broad range of tri-and diphosphate nucleosides such as UTP and UDP, GTP and GDP in additon to the adenine nucleotides and because of that it has also been called a nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase. The possible physiological roles for this ecto-ATPase involve the control of vascular tone by modulation of the levels of ATP and ADP binding to purino-receptors of the vasculature, the modulation of thrombogenesis by controlling the extracellular level of ADP which is known to activate platelet aggregation, and the protection from cytolytic effects of extracellular ATP. An ATP-diphosphohydrolase activity has been characterized on the external surface of Schistosoma mansoni, a parasite that lives in the circulation of the human host, and on the outer surface of Entamoeba histolytica, a parasite that may enter the circulation of the host through ulceration in the intestinal mucosa. The endoparasite Toxoplasma gondii also exhibits a nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase of high activity, although in this case the ecto-localization is still not documented. We raise the possibility that the endoparasites have evolved in a way to possibly mimic some of the conditions on the surface of cells normally present in the host circulation, thus escaping hemostatic defense responses of the host which require extracellular ADP or ATP.


Subject(s)
Animals , Apyrase , Blood Cells/enzymology , Entamoeba histolytica/enzymology , Schistosoma mansoni/enzymology , Toxoplasma/enzymology , Blood Vessels/enzymology , Adenosine Triphosphate , Blood Platelets/enzymology , Erythrocytes/enzymology , Granulocytes/enzymology , Hydrolases , Lymphocytes/enzymology , Macrophages/enzymology , Nucleotidases/metabolism , Plasma/enzymology
13.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 1993. 124 p. ilus, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-616025

ABSTRACT

Nesta tese caracterizamos uma nova enzima na superfície do tegumento do Schistosma mansoni, uma ATP difosfohidrolase. Controles apropriados mostraram que as atividades ATPásica, ADPásica, pirofosfatásica e adenilato quinásica possivelmente contaminantes não são significativamente importantes. Foi mostrado também dependência para íons divalentes e um provável mecanismo de hidrólise sequencial. Experimentos anticorpos com sugerem que sua massa molecular esteja em torno de 50 KDa. É uma ecto-enzima, foi o que comprovado citoquímica por em microscopia eletrônica e pela capacidade do esquistossomo de hidrolisar ATP ou ADP adicionados no lado externo de vermes intactos. Parece ser sintetizada pelo próprio verme, já que esquistossômulos obtidos in vitro apresentaram atividades ATPásica ADPásica e nas condições mesmas usadas para medidas tegumento de vermes adultos. Esta ecto-enzima pode estar envolvida nos mecanismos de escape do parasita ao sistema hemostático e/ou imune do hospedeiro, bloqueando os sistemas que usam ADP e/ou ATP como intermediários.


Subject(s)
Animals , Schistosoma mansoni/growth & development , Schistosoma mansoni/microbiology , Schistosoma mansoni/parasitology , Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
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