Design, synthesis, and neuroprotective and anti-platelet aggregation research of 3-n-butylphthalide derivatives / 药学学报

Butylphthalide and ferulic acid exhibit excellent therapeutic effects in ischemic stroke. In this research, twelve 3-n-butylphthalide derivatives were designed by molecular hybridization strategy. The target compounds were obtained by nucleophilic substitution, reduction reaction, esterification reaction and elimination reaction, and the structure was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-MS. All compounds were evaluated for neuroprotective activity against OGD/R-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortical neurons by MTT assay. The compounds with the best neuroprotective activity were biologically evaluated for their ability to inhibit platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) via the Bron method．The results indicate that 7b exhibited potent neurocyte protective activity as well as prominent anti-platelet aggregation activity. Compound 7b has potential to be developed as a drug for ischemic stroke.

Predictive values of the combination of Friedman stage and sleep oximetry done early after surgery in predicting the treatment outcomes of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the predictive values of the combination of preoperative data, including medical history and physical examination, and results of sleep oximetry performed early after the surgery (one week) in predicting the treatment outcomes of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) in adult patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).@*METHODS@#All the patients who were diagnosed with OSAHS, underwent UPPP treatment and had complete follow-up data in our institution between Jan 2013 and May 2016 were enrolled in our study. The pre-operative data of these patients, including age, physical examination, and polysomnography (PSG) data, were all exactly collected for analysis. All these patients had received the evaluation of subjective efficacy scale and the sleep oximetry test in early post-operative days (within one week). The long-term efficacy evaluations including PSG and subjective efficacy scale were all finished at least three months after the surgery.@*RESULTS@#In the research 61 patients were finally studied, including 25 responders (41.0%) and 36 non-responders (59.0%). Regression analysis revealed that the pre-operative Friedman stage and early post-operative oxygen desaturation index of ≥4% (ODI4) were found to be independently predictive parameters for the UPPP treatment outcomes (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis was used to estimate the predictive values of ODI4 to the treatment outcomes, and it was calculated with an area under the curve of 0.822. Using the ODI4 of 15 as the cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity of that calculated were up to 0.778 and 0.760 respectively. The response rate among the patients with an early post-operative ODI4 of <15 was 70.4%, which was significantly higher than that of the patients with an early post-operative ODI4 of ≥15, whose response rate was 17.6% (P<0.05). The similar results could also be obtained in the patients with pre-operative Friedman stage II (87.5% vs.25.0%) and Friedman stage III (33.3% vs. 6.7%).@*CONCLUSION@#The combination of early post UPPP operation oximetry parameters, especially ODI4, and pre-operative Friedman stage could be used in better evaluating the potential surgical outcomes of UPPP.

Clinical study of acute renal injury after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), to explore the risk factors and prognosis of postoperative AKI, and to establish a relatively accurate preoperative risk assessment strategy and prevention measures. Methods    The clinical data of 252 patients who underwent deep hypothermic circulatory surgery in our hospital from January 2014 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 179 males and 73 females with an average age of 53.6±11.6 years. The patients were divided into an AKI group and a non-AKI group according to the AKI diagnostic criteria developed by kidney disease improving global outcomes (KDIGO). The data of the two groups were compared, and the risk factors related to AKI after DHCA were analyzed by single factor and multivariate logistic regression. Results    Among the 252 patients enrolled, the incidence of AKI was 69.0%. The postoperative hospital mortality rate was 7.9% (20/252). The univariate analysis showed that the patient's age and body mass index (BMI)≥28 kg/m2, left ventricular ejection fraction<55%, preoperative serum creatinine (Scr)≥110 μmol/L, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), Cleveland score and intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time, intraoperative infusion of red blood cells, intraoperative infusion of plasma, postoperative  mechanical ventilation time≥40 h and other indicators were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.05); multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there was significant difference between the two groups in age (OR=1.040, 95% CI 1.017–1.064, P=0.001), BMI≥28 kg/m2 (OR=2.335, 95%CI 1.093–4.990, P=0.029), eGFR<90 mL/(min·1.73 m2) (OR=2.044, 95%CI 1.082–3.863, P=0.028), preoperative Cleveland score (OR=1.300, 95%CI 1.054–1.604, P=0.014) and intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time (OR=1.009, 95%CI 1.002–1.017, P=0.014). Conclusion    The incidence of AKI is higher after DHCA. Patients with postoperative AKI have longer hospital stay and higher risk of hospitalization death. The age of patients, BMI≥28 kg/m2, eGFR<90 mL/(min·1.73) m2, Cleveland score, intraoperative extracorporeal circulation time are independent risk factors for AKI after DHCA.

Synthesis and neuroprotective activity of resveratrol-3-n-butylphthalide hybrids / 药学学报

6-Bromo-3-n-butylphthalide was obtained by nitration, reduction and diazotization from carboxybenzaldehyde. Twenty hybrids from substituted styrene and 6-bromo-3-n-butylphthalide were synthesized and the structure was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and ESI-MS. All compounds were evaluated for neuroprotective activity against OGD/R-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortical neurons by MTT assay. The mechanism of neuroprotection was investigated by Western blot analyses. The results indicated that most of these compounds had a potent neuroprotective activity (All animal experiments were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine), especially 10h and 10i showed significant effects, which may play a neuroprotective role by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

50 most-cited articles in Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Mainland China

Objective: To identify and analyze the 50 most-cited gastroenterology and hepatology articles originating from mainland China

Methods: We utilized the 2015 edition of Journal Citation Reports and PubMed to determine the 50 most-cited gastroenterology and hepatology articles from 75 professional journals and four leading journals in clinical medicine, which are The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet, The Journal of the American Medical Association, and The British Medical Journal. Then we excluded the articles written outside mainland China and collected the basic information, including the title, authors, year of publication, source journal, city, institution, number of citations, and topic of the research

Results: The number of citations for the top 50 papers ranged from 279 to 89 [mean, 129]. These articles were published between 2005 and 2012, in which 2009 was the year with the largest number of highly cited papers [13]. All articles were published in 15 journals. The journal Hepatology published the largest number of articles [21], followed by Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology [4], Journal of Hepatology [4] and World Journal of Gastroenterology [4]. The top 50 articles originated mainly from Shanghai [20], Guangzhou [13] and Beijing [6]. Sun Yat-sen University produced most highly cited papers [10]. The number of basic research was far more than clinical research, of which the ratio was about 1.78[32:18]. In all these articles, hepatocellular carcinoma was the most-discussed topic [19], followed by hepatitis B virus [8] and endoscopic [5]

Conclusions: Although a large gap remains between mainland China and the global community, the gastroenterology and hepatology research from China is gradually recognized by the world

Application of three-line positioning method in blood collection by cardiac puncture from rats / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To introduce an improved method for collecting the blood of rat by cardiac puncture .Methods The study se-lected 90 Wistar rats,half male and half female ,and then the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneally injecting 10％chloral hydrate solution according to 0.3 mL/kg body weight.Then using three-line positioning method to determine the puncture site ,the blood collection needle and blood collection tube were used to collecting the blood ,Finally,the blood volume of each rat was recorded .Results The success rate was cal-culated according to the single blood collection of 5 mL or more,and our 90 rats were collected 90 times,the success rate was about 82.2％. After centrifugation,the total serum was about 260 mL,the average serum separation of each rat was about 2.8 mL.Conclusion The im-proved positioning method of heart blood collection is intuitive and easy to learn ,and the total volume and quality of blood is high ,besides ,the new method has a small surgical trauma and a high efficiency ,which is worth to extend .

Screening and follow-up for congenital heart disease in children aged 0-3 years in rural areas of Chongqing, China / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the incidence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in children aged 0-3 years in the rural areas of Chongqing, and to determine the suitable "screening-diagnosis-follow-up" system and screening indicators for CHD in these areas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Children aged 0-3 years from rural areas of the Fuling Disctrict of Chongqing were selected by cluster sampling. Using the "screening-diagnosis-evaluation system" employed at the levels of village/town, district/county, and province/city, the children were screened for seven indicators, i.e., family history of CHD, dyspnea, cyanosis, unique facial features, other congenital malformations, heart murmurs, and blood oxygen saturation (SpO<95%). Children who were positive for one or more indicators accepted echocardiography (ECG) for the diagnosis of CHD. CHD patients were evaluated for disease progression, given guided treatments, and followed-up by pediatric cardiologists.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Screening was performed for 10 005 out of the 10 281 children enrolled in the study (97.32% response rate). Among the 175 children who were positive for the indicators, 166 underwent ECG and 60 (0.6‰) were diagnosed with CHD, including 46 cases of simple CHD (76.65%), 11 cases of combined CHD (18.33%), and 3 cases of complex CHD (5.00%). Of the 7 screening indicators, heart murmur had the largest area under the ROC curve for the diagnosis of CHD. In addition, a combination of screening indicators (heart murmur, unique facial features, and other congenital malformations) was most effective for screening out CHD. The CHD patients were given surgical or intervention treatments, and followed up for 6 to 18 months. Ten patients improved without treatment, 13 patients received interventional or surgical treatment, 1 patient died of non-cardiac reasons. The remaining 36 patients were subjected to further follow-up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Heart murmur alone and in combination with unique facial features and other congenital malformations are valuable tools for CHD screening in children aged 0-3 years. The "village/town-district/county-province/city" screening-diagnosis-evaluation systems are useful for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of CHD in infants and young children from the rural areas of Chongqing.</p>

Xinfeng capsule for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patients with decreased pulmonary function--a randomized controlled clinical trial / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the effectiveness and safety of Xinfeng Capsules (XFC) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with decreased pulmonary function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was a randomized controlled clinical trial of 80 RA patients. Participants were assigned to the trial group (40 cases) and the control group (40 cases) by block randomization. The trial group was treated with XFC, three pills each time three times daily for 2 months. The control group was treated with tripterygium glycoside (TPT), two pills each time three times daily for 2 months. Both groups were followed up after 2 months. The clinical effects, changes in joint and pulmonary function, and quality of life before and after treatment were observed; safety indices were also evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pain, swelling, tenderness, and duration of morning stiffness of joints were obviously decreased after treatment in both the trial and the control groups compared with baseline (P<0.01). Compared with before treatment, hand grip strength increased significantly after treatment in the trial group (P=0.0000); pulmonary function parameters such as forced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), 50% of the expiratory flow of forced vital capacity (FEF50), carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLco) were increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05); measures of quality of life such as role-physical, body pain, vitality and mental health were also improved after treatment in the trial group (all P<0.05). Joint swelling in the trial group decreased compared with the control group (P=0.0043), while hand grip strength was increased after treatment (P=0.0000). The increase in FEF50, DLco, and the dimensions of quality of life such as vitality and mental health were all significantly greater in the trial group than the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>XFC not only relieved joint pain in RA patients, but also significantly improved the ventilation and diffusion function of the lungs. Therefore, XFC could improve the whole body function and enhance the quality of life of RA patients.</p>

Effect of triptolide on expressions of Notch receptors and ligands in rats with adjuvant- induced arthritis and reduced pulmonary function / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of triptolide on Notch receptor and ligand expressions in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group, model (MC) group, methotrexate group and triptolide groups. Rat models of AA were established by an intradermal injection of 0.1 mL Freund's complete adjuvant into the right paw. Twelve days after the injection, the rats were treated with corresponding drugs for 30 days; the rats in NC group and MC group were given saline only. Paw edema volume (E), arthritis index (AI), pulmonary function, histomorphologies, and Notch receptor/ ligand expression in the lung tissue were analyzed after the treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the NC group, E, AI, Notch3, Notch4, and Delta1 expressions in the lung tissues significantly increased while pulmonary function and pulmonary expressions of Notch1, Jagged1, and Jagged2 significantly decreased the model rats (P<0.01). Compared with the MC group, triptolide-treated rats showed significantly improved pulmonary functions, increased expressions of Notch1, Jagged1, and Jagged2 and decreased expressions of Notch3, Notch4, and Delta1 in the lungs (P<0.05, P<0.01); the therapeutic effect of triptolide was better than that of methotrexate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Triptolide can reduce inflammatory reaction and immune complex deposition to improve joint and pulmonary symptoms in rats with AA possibly by up-regulating the expressions of Notch3, Notch4, and Delta1 and down-regulating the expressions of Jagged1, Jagged2, and Notch1.</p>

Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by xinfeng capsule: an efficacy observation / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the curative effect of Xinfeng Capsule (XC) in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Recruited were 80 active RA patients, who were randomly assigned to the normal control group and the treatment group, 40 in each group. All patients received the same routine anti-rheumatic treatment: Methotrexate 10 mg per week; Diclofenac 50 mg when pain was obvious, twice daily. Patients in the treatment group took XC 3 tablets each time, thrice daily. All treatment lasted for 12 consecutive weeks. Serum iron (SI), serum ferritin (SF), transferrin (TRF); and RA disease activity index (DAS-28) were detected in all patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>XC could improve HAQ, DAS-28, hypersensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), prostaglandins A (PGA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), number of swelling joints, number of tender joints, and morning stiffness time in acute RA patients, showing statistical difference when compared with those of the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, SI, SF, DAS-28, and TRF significantly decreased in the treatment group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>XC could improve DAS-28, and SI reserve in patients with active RA, and lower DAS-28 related indicators.</p>

Prediction of large esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients using classification and regression tree analysis

OBJECTIVES: Recent guidelines recommend that all cirrhotic patients should undergo endoscopic screening for esophageal varices. That identifying cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices by noninvasive predictors would allow for the restriction of the performance of endoscopy to patients with a high risk of having varices. This study aimed to develop a decision model based on classification and regression tree analysis for the prediction of large esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. METHODS: 309 cirrhotic patients (training sample, 187 patients; test sample 122 patients) were included. Within the training sample, the classification and regression tree analysis was used to identify predictors and prediction model of large esophageal varices. The prediction model was then further evaluated in the test sample and different Child-Pugh classes. RESULTS: The prevalence of large esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients was 50.8 percent. A tree model that was consisted of spleen width, portal vein diameter and prothrombin time was developed by classification and regression tree analysis achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 84 percent for prediction of large esophageal varices. When reconstructed into two groups, the rate of varices was 83.2 percent for high-risk group and 15.2 percent for low-risk group. Accuracy of the tree model was maintained in the test sample and different Child-Pugh classes. CONCLUSIONS: A decision tree model that consists of spleen width, portal vein diameter and prothrombin time may be useful for prediction of large esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients.

SREBP-1c knockdown attenuated fatty degeneration in hepatic L02 cells and inhibited CCL2 and FGF21 protein expression / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of SREBP-1c silencing on lipid metabolism and expression of inflammatory chemokines in a NAFLD model with endoplasmic reticulum stress.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>NAFLD model was established in L02 cells treated with oleic acid. SREBP-1c expression was inhibited using RNA interference with a p Silencer-1.0-U6-4476 vector. After transfection with p Silencer-1.0-U6-4476 or control vector for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, the extent of fatty degeneration was shown by Oil Red O staining. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory chemokine CCL2 and basic fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) were determined by real time PCR and Western blot respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SREBP-1c silenced L02 cells showed fat droplets with smaller diameter and attenuated fatty deposition, as compared with control cells. The relative CCL2 mRNA levels in SREBP-1c silencing vector transfected L02 cells were 1.03+/-0.11 for 0 h, 1.11+/-0.21 for 24 h, 0.88+/-0.16 for 48 h, and 1.05+/-0.15 for 72 h, which showed no significant difference as compared with control cells (P>0.05, respectively). In addition, no difference was found between the different time points within the same group (P>0.05). However, CCL2 protein levels in SREBP-1c silenced cells were 1.19+/-0.15, 1.07+/-0.18, 0.48+/-0.14, and 0.05+/-0.24 after transfection for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h respectively, which were significantly downregulated as compared to the control group (P<0.01). And CCL2 protein levels between different time points in SREBP-1c silenced cells were also distinct (P<0.01). The relative FGF21 mRNA levels in SREBP-1c silenced L-02 cells were 1.01+/-0.08, 0.91+/-0.22, 0.98+/-0.20, and 1.02+/-0.12 for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h respectively, which were not statistically different as compared with the corresponding control cells. Statistic difference of FGF21 mRNA levels in SREBP-1c knockdown cells of different time points was not found (P>0.05). In striking contrast, robust down regulation of FGF21 protein in SREBP-1c silenced cells was observed, with 0.81+/-0.05, 0.66+/-0.12, 0.58+/-0.08 and 0.19+/-0.13 after transfection for 0 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h respectively, as compared to control group (P<0.01). And differences in FGF21 protein level between different time points in SREBP-1c silenced cells were also demonstrated (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SREBP-1c knockdown attenuated fatty deposition in oleic acid treated L02 cells. In addition, silencing of SREBP-1c expression reduced expressions of CCL2 and FGF21 proteins posttranscriptionally, which may play a role in endoplasmic reticulum stress induced inflammatory response in NAFLD.</p>

Study on the value of Helieobacter pylori (H. pylori) stool antigen immunocard STAT in the diagnosis of H. pylori infection: a meta-analysis / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the accuracy of the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) stool antigen (HpSA) test and ImmunoCard STAT HpSA in the primary diagnosis of H. pylori infection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We searched Medline (1966-2007.4), EMbase (1985-2007.4), Chinese Journals Full-text Database (CJFD) (1994-2007) etc. to identify Clinical Trials of ImmunoCard STAT HpSA for the primary diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Meta-analysis was conducted using the method recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration Center.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven trials were included with pooled sensitivity, pooled specificity as 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91-0.94), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.90- 0.95), respectively. Pooled positive likelihood ratio and pooled negative likelihood ratio were 12.01 (95% CI: 8.90-16.19), 0.08 (95% CI: 0.07-0.11), respectively with the pooled diagnostic odds ratio as 160.14(95% CI :100.43-255.34). The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) was 0.974 +/- 0.005.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ImmunoCard STAT HpSA appeared to be an accurate non-invasive method for the initial diagnosis of H. pylori infection.</p>

Preoperative enhanced three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled imaging for microvascular decompression of trigeminal neuralgia / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the preoperative high resolution three-dimensional MR imaging of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia, demonstrating the use in selection of patients and planning of the treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The enhanced three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled imaging and three-dimensional MR angiography with 3-T MRI system were used to detect the anatomic relationship of neural and vascular structures at the trigeminal root entry zone preoperatively, surgical findings served as a reference to compare the MR visualization with the exact anatomic relations.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-nine of 33 patients, who had the MRI positive vascular contact or compression, which was consistent to the symptom side, received the microvascular decompression (MVD). Surgical findings revealed neurovascular conflicts in all subjects, 27 of 29 (93%) were consistent to the imaging results, all the patients treated with MVD had the immediate complete pain relief.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>High-resolution MR imaging successfully demonstrated its usefulness in detecting the neurovascular contact at the trigeminal root entry zone, thereby facilitating the selection of patients who were most likely to benefit from MVD.</p>

Effect of combination glycyrrhiizin and triptolide on TNF-alpha and IL-10 in serum of collagen induced arthritis rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of combination therapy with glycyrrhizin (GL) and triptolide (TP) on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the model group, the TP group, the GL group, and combination 1, 2, 3 groups. The models were induced by collagen type II. The arthritis index (AI) and the edema rate were detected as curative effect, and the level of antibodies to collagen, TNF-alpha and IL-10 were measured by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The combination therapy with GL and TP significantly reduced the paw edema and arthritis index of CIA rats (P <0. 01 ), and the combination therapy can increase the level of IL-10, while decrease the level of TNF-alpha, and the level of antibodies to collagen decreased too (P <0.05, P <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combine 26.78 mg x kg(-1) GL with 13.40 microg x kg(-1) TP can significantly inhibited the CIA, and the effect equal to the dosage of 17. 86 microg x kg(-1) TP. It supports the possible of GL in combination with TP to reduce the dose and side effects related to TP.</p>

Hypoxia induced by CoCl2 influencing the expression and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 in rat hepatic stellate cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride on the expression and the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC-T6) and to clarify the possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HSC-T6 cell line was grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium with 10% fetal calf serum at 37 degrees C and 5% CO2. When reaching confluence, the cells were incubated with serum-free medium in the presence of cobalt chloride (0, 50, 100, 200 micromol/L) for six hours, and then the supernatant and the cells were harvested. The expression of the MMP-2 mRNA and HIF-1alpha protein in HSC-T6 cells was detected using RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. The activity of the MMP-2 in the supernatant was detected by zymography. The binding reaction between HIF-1a protein and MMP-2 gene sequence was investigated by electrophoresis mobility shift assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>When the concentration of CoCl2 increased from 0 micromol/L to 200 micromol/L, the expressions of MMP-2 mRNA (the rate of light density) were increased from 0.53+0.12 to 1.57+0.11 and the differences among these four groups were significant (F=34.21). The activity of MMP-2 (the value of light density*band area) decreased gradually from 84.49+5.38 to 53.70+3.42, and the differences among these four groups were also significant (F=29.54). The expressions of HIF-1a were increased gradually with the increase of the CoCl2 concentration. The shift band in the lane of the nuclear protein extraction and the MMP-2 probe containing hypoxia response element showed delays when compared with the lane of the sole probe, and the binding was partially abolished when competing sense oligonucleotides were used.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our results suggest that chemical hypoxia can up-regulate the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and decrease the activity of the enzyme. HIF-1alpha may play a part in the regulation of MMP-2 transcription under hypoxic conditions.</p>

Research on the BCL I Polymorphism of Haemophilia A in Han Chinese Population in Wenzhou / 中国慢性病预防与控制

Objective In order to find the polymorphism site applicable to efficient genetic diagnosis on Haemophilia A in Han Chinese Population in Wenzhou.Methods With the method of polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(PAGE),288 of X chromosomes from 96 men and 96 women were detected on the polymorphism of BCL I in the intron 18 of FV Ⅲ gene.Results The gene frequency of the polymorphic site BCL I was 34.38% in Han Chinese population in Wenzhou.43.75% women were heterozygous and the polymorphism information content(PIC) was 0.4512.Conclusion For Han Chinese population in Wenzhou,the BCL I genetic site has enough information,being one of the genetic markers with high polymorphism,applicable to the screening for carrier and prenatal diagnosis of Haemophilia A in Wenzhou.

Traumatic subdural hydroma developing into chronic subdural hematoma / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the incidence, pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of traumatic subdural hydroma (TSH) developing into chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 32 patients with TSH developing into CSDH and reviewed related literature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>16.7% of TSH developed into CSDH in this study. The time of evolution was from 22 to 100 days after head injury. All the patients were cured with hematoma drainage.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>TSH is one of the origins of CSDH. The clinical characteristics of TSH developing into CSDH follow that the ages of the patients are polarized, that the evolution often happens in the patients with small chronic hydromas and being treated conservatively, that the patients are usually injured deceleratedly and that the accompanying cerebral damage is often very mild.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of cystic acoustic neuroma / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical features and treatment of cystic acoustic neuroma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-two patients with cystic acoustic neuromas were diagnosed by CT and MRI preoperatively, and the tumors were resected by retrosigmoid approach, and verified by pathological studies.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 22 patients, 18 had tumors totally resected (postoperative house Brackman facial nerve grading: grade II in 4 patients, III in 7, IV in 3, V in 2, VI in 2) and 4 had tumors subtotally resected.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Because of its specific clinical features and poor operative results, cystic acoustic neuroma should be regarded as a specific subtype.</p>

Therapeutic effect of xinfeng capsule in treating adjuvant arthritis in rats and its effect on fas, fasL and bcl-2 expression in synovial membrane / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapeutic effect of Xinfeng Capsule (XFC) in treating adjuvant arthritis of rats and its effect on fas, fasL and bcl-2 expression in synovial membrane.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, the model group, the methotrexate (MTX) group, the TPT group and the XFC group. Except for the rats in the normal group, animals were modelled to adjuvant arthritis with Freund's complete adjuvant, and the latter three groups were treated with MTX, Tripterygium wilfordii polysaccharide (TPT) and XFC respectively. The arthritis index (AI), change of body weight (BW) of rats were recorded, and the expressions of fas, fasL and bcl-2 in rats' synovial membrane were determined.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with before treatment, the AI in the three treated groups was lowered significantly (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The BW increment in the XFC group after treatment was insignificantly different to that in the normal group (P > 0.05), while it was significantly lower in the other two treated groups than that in the normal group and the XFC group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, fasL expression was increased in the XFC group significantly (P < 0.05), but bcl-2 expression decreased, fas expression showed insignificant difference (P > 0.05). Comparison of the three gene expressions between the three treated groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>XFC could decrease AI in rats with adjuvant arthritis in the same way as MTX and TPT, it effected better in increasing BW than the latter two. The effect of XFC might be performed by its action in enhancing fasL expression, inhibiting bcl-2 expression and promoting apoptosis of proliferated synovial membranous cell so as to restrain hyperplasia of synovial membrane.</p>