Effects of orienteering sport on students' physical endurance / Efeitos do esporte de orientação sobre a resistência física dos estudantes / Efectos del deporte de orientación en la resistencia física de los estudiantes

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the orienteering sport, the orienteer has to pass through control points marked on the terrain in the shortest possible time, with the help of a map and a compass, using nature as a playing field. This activity has been with man since its origin. As a sport, it appeared in the Nordic countries more than a hundred years ago to perform an outdoor physical and intellectual activity with the potential to promote the aerobic endurance of university students. Objective: Study the effect of orienteering sports on the physical endurance of college students. Methods: Through experimental research method, 30 college students from different majors were taken as research objects, the physiological indices of each group were measured, and the effect of sport on cardiopulmonary function and aerobic endurance of college students and its physiological mechanism were discussed. Results: Orientation college students who have been engaged in sports training for a long time and physical education subjects have a significantly better cardiopulmonary function and aerobic endurance than ordinary college students to varying degrees. Conclusion: Orientation sports positively affected students' physical endurance, increasing their cardiopulmonary and aerobic endurance indexes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: No esporte de orientação, o praticante tem que passar por pontos de controle marcados no terreno no menor tempo possível, com o auxílio de um mapa e de uma bússola, usando a própria natureza como campo de jogo. Essa atividade acompanha o homem desde a sua origem e, como esporte, surgiu nos países nórdicos há mais de cem anos, com o propósito de realizar-se uma atividade física e intelectual ao ar livre, com o potencial de promover os a resistência aeróbica dos estudantes universitários. Objetivo: Estudar o efeito do esporte de orientação sobre a resistência física dos estudantes universitários. Métodos: Através do método de pesquisa experimental, 30 estudantes universitários de diferentes áreas de habilitação foram tomados como objetos de pesquisa, os índices fisiológicos de cada grupo foram medidos e o efeito do esporte sobre a função cardiopulmonar e resistência aeróbica dos estudantes universitários e seu mecanismo fisiológico foram discutidos. Resultados: Os estudantes universitários de orientação que se dedicam ao treinamento esportivo há muito tempo e as disciplinas de educação física têm função cardiopulmonar e resistência aeróbica significativamente melhores do que os estudantes universitários comuns em graus variados. Conclusão: O esporte de orientação demonstrou um efeito positivo sobre a resistência física dos estudantes, aumentando seus índices cardiopulmonares e de resistência aeróbica. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: En el deporte de orientación, el practicante tiene que pasar por puntos de control marcados en el terreno en el menor tiempo posible, con la ayuda de un mapa y una brújula, utilizando la propia naturaleza como campo de juego. Esta actividad acompaña a la humanidad desde su origen y, como deporte, apareció en los países nórdicos hace más de cien años, con el propósito de realizar una actividad física e intelectual al aire libre, con el potencial de promover la resistencia aeróbica de los estudiantes universitarios. Objetivo: Estudiar el efecto del deporte de orientación en la resistencia física de los estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Mediante el método de investigación experimental, se tomaron como objeto de investigación 30 estudiantes universitarios de diferentes carreras, se midieron los índices fisiológicos de cada grupo y se analizó el efecto del deporte sobre la función cardiopulmonar y la resistencia aeróbica de los estudiantes universitarios y su mecanismo fisiológico. Resultados: Los estudiantes universitarios de orientación que han realizado un entrenamiento deportivo durante mucho tiempo y las asignaturas de educación física tienen una función cardiopulmonar y una resistencia aeróbica significativamente mejores que los estudiantes universitarios ordinarios en diversos grados. Conclusión: El deporte de orientación demostró un efecto positivo en la resistencia física de los estudiantes, aumentando sus índices de resistencia cardiopulmonar y aeróbica. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Electrochemical biosensor for erythropoietin detection in athletes / Biossensor eletroquímico para detecção de eritropoietina em atletas / Biosensor electroquímico para detección de eritropoyetina en deportistas

ABSTRACT Introduction: The cytokine erythropoietin (EPO) is a crucial hormone for producing RBCs, which carry oxygenated blood to the rest of the body. Objective: This paper aimed to create an electrochemical detection based on Fe2O3-NiO nanoparticles and graphene oxide to measure EPO levels in athletes' blood. Methods: On a glassy carbon electrode, Fe2O3-NiO@GO was synthesized using the electrochemical deposition method. Results: The Fe2O3-NiO@GO/GCE was validated by structural characterizations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Fe2O3-NiO@GO/GCE was found to be a suitable and stable erythropoietin biosensor with a linear range of 0-500 ng/l and a detection limit of 0.03ng/l in electrochemical tests using the DPV technique. Fe2O3-NiO@GO/erythropoietin was investigated as a biosensor for erythropoietin in athlete's plasma. Conclusion: The results showed that the values obtained for recovery (94.56% to 98.40) and RSD (2.01% to 3.22%) were acceptable, indicating that the suggested technique can be used as a practical erythropoietin biosensor in blood samples. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: A citocina eritropoietina (EPO), é referida como um hormônio crucial para a produção de hemácias, que transportam o sangue oxigenado para o resto dos corpos. Objetivos: O objetivo deste trabalho foi criar uma detecção eletroquímica baseada em nanopartículas de Fe2O3-NiO e óxido de grafeno para medir os níveis de EPO no sangue dos atletas. Métodos: Em um eletrodo de carbono vítreo, o Fe2O3-NiO@GO foi sintetizado usando o método de deposição eletroquímica. Resultados: O Fe2O3-NiO@GO/GCE foi validado por caracterizações estruturais utilizando microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM). O Fe2O3-NiO@GO/GCE foi considerado um biosensor eritropoietina adequado e estável com uma faixa linear de 0-500 ng/l e um limite de detecção de 0,03ng/l em testes eletroquímicos utilizando a técnica DPV. O Fe2O3-NiO@GO/extropoietina foi investigado como um biosensor de eritropoietina no plasma do atleta. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que os valores obtidos para recuperação (94,56% a 98,40) e RSD (2,01% a 3,22%) foram aceitáveis, indicando que a técnica sugerida pode ser usada como um prático biosensor de eritropoietina em amostras de sangue. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: La citoquina eritropoyetina (EPO), se conoce como una hormona crucial para la producción de glóbulos rojos, que transportan la sangre oxigenada al resto del cuerpo. Objetivos: El objetivo de este trabajo fue crear una detección electroquímica basada en nanopartículas de Fe2O3-NiO y óxido de grafeno para medir los niveles de EPO en la sangre de los deportistas. Métodos: Sobre un electrodo de carbono vítreo, se sintetizó Fe2O3-NiO@GO mediante el método de deposición electroquímica. Resultados: El Fe2O3-NiO@GO/GCE fue validado por caracterizaciones estructurales mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM). El Fe2O3-NiO@GO/GCE resultó ser un biosensor de eritropoyetina adecuado y estable con un rango lineal de 0-500 ng/l y un límite de detección de 0,03ng/l en ensayos electroquímicos mediante la técnica DPV. Se investigó el uso de Fe2O3-NiO@GO/extropoietina como biosensor de eritropoyetina en el plasma de atletas. Conclusión: Los resultados mostraron que los valores obtenidos para la recuperación (94,56% a 98,40) y la RSD (2,01% a 3,22%) fueron aceptables, lo que indica que la técnica sugerida puede ser utilizada como un biosensor práctico de eritropoyetina en muestras de sangre. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Influence of health literacy of rural junior middle school students on knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19 protection in Jiangxi Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the influence of junior middle school students health literacy on knowledge, belief and behavior of COVID-19 in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, and to enhance junior middle school students ability to deal with public health emergencies.@*Methods@#Stratified cluster random sampling was used to investigate the health literacy, knowledge level and behavior of COVID-19 protection of 4 311 grade 7 to grade 8 students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province; Chi square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between junior high school students health literacy and COVID-19 protection knowledge, belief and behavior.@*Results@#The rate of health literacy of junior middle school students in rural areas was 18.21 %( n =785), the reported rate of intermediate level was high ( n =2 454, 56.92%), and the reported rate of junior high school students at a low level of health literacy was 24.87%( n =1 072). The rate of junior middle school students in rural areas with good COVID-19 protection knowledge was 63.49%, the rate of positive protection attitude was 74.25%, and the rate of good protection behavior was 85.36%; Rate of COVID-19 protection knowledge ( OR=4.85, 95%CI =3.80-6.18) and positive rate of protection attitude of high level health literacy ( OR=44.07, 95%CI =24.57-79.05), protective behavior possession rate ( OR=25.99, 95%CI = 19.67-34.35) were higher than those with low level of health literacy( P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#Health literacy is associated with COVID-19 protection knowledge, belief and behavior in rural junior high school students of Jiangxi Province, the findings provide direction for junior middle school students to improve their ability to deal with public health emergencies.

Retrospective analysis of childcare center disinfection in some regions of Anhui Province during 2019-2022 / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the status of childcare center disinfection around the COVID-19 pandemic, the needs of professional technical support, so as to give advice for improvement measures.@*Methods@#Using multi stage stratified sampling method, one was selected from each area of northern and southern Anhui Province, with 3 counties/districts selected from each city. A total of 54, 58, 60 childcare institutions were selected. A questionnaire survey, as well as on site visits and data check were administered in these childcare centers in Anhui Province were implemented. Information regarding the three stage disinfection work from 2019 to 2022 and technical support needs were collected.@*Results@#A total of 54, 58, 60 childcare centers were investigated in 2019, 2020 and 2021-2022. Most of the childcare centers recorded disinfection work (96.3%, 96.6%, 98.3%), while few of them ( 26.4% , 26.3%, 58.3%) monitored disinfection factor intensity. The implementing rate of disinfection effect evaluation was 68.3% at the stage of normal prevention and control, the highest demand rate for professional technical support was guidance and training ( 95.0% ), and the highest demand rate for training content was disinfectant preparation method (81.7%). There were significant differences in the rate of disinfection tableware room allocation (A: 93.3%, B: 70.0%), and the rate of disinfection effect evaluation among different cities (A: 53.3%, B: 83.3%)( χ 2=6.24, 5.46, P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#From 2019 to 2022, childcare center disinfection has significantly improved, however, disinfection factor intensity monitoring and disinfection effect evaluation are neglected during the stage of normal prevention and control. The demand for professional technical institutions to provide disinfectant preparation method guidance and training is high.It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of disinfection and related technical guidance.

Prevalence correlation of video display terminal syndrome and depression among medical students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of video display terminal syndrome (VDT) among medical students in university, and to explore the correlation between VDT syndrome and depressive symptoms, so as to provide theoretical guidance for promoting college students mental health.@*Methods@#A total of 3 265 freshmen and juniors in the Department of Medicine of Nanchang University were surveyed with census method in November 2019 to collect information regarding general information, symptoms related to VDT syndrome, depression status.@*Results@#In the valid questionnaire, the detection rate of VDT syndrome among college students was 33.3%, and the detection rates of VDT syndrome varied significantly by sex and clinical major( χ 2=6.45, 18.82 , P <0.05); The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 54.6%. One way ANOVA showed that there was significant differences in VDT syndrome status between those with and without depression symptoms ( χ 2=63.88, P < 0.01 ). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that VDT syndrome could increase the risk of detecting depression ( OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.58-2.14, P <0.01).@*Conclusion@#VDT syndrome has a high detection rate in college medical students and is a risk factor for depression in medical students. Society and schools should pay attention to health education on the rational use of video terminals for medical students, and take corresponding measures to intervene, so as to improve the physical and mental health of medical students.

Relationship between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of junior middle school students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the relationship between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of junior middle school students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, and to provide a reference for specific strategies for healthy eating behavior.@*Methods@#Stratified cluster random sampling was used to investigate the health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of 4 311 students in grades 7 to 8 from 50 middle schools in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, the relationship between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior was analyzed by Chi square test and Logistic regression.@*Results@#Health literacy of junior middle school students in rural areas (≥58 points) was 18.21%. Prevalence of unhealthy eating behavior was relatively high, among which irregular three meal time was the highest (62.33%), followed by high consumption of sugar sweetened beverage, insufficient dairy products consumption, breakfast skipping ever day and insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables, accounting for 54.60%, 50.38 %, 36.23% and 19.53%, respectively. The risk of irregular meal time ( OR =1.35, 95% CI =1.11-1.65), breakfast skipping every day ( OR = 1.23 , 95% CI =1.01-1.49), insufficient dairy products consumption ( OR =1.29, 95% CI =1.07-1.55), insufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables ( OR =1.45, 95% CI =1.10-1.92) and high consumption of sugar sweetened beverage ( OR =1.39, 95% CI = 1.15 -1.68) was higher than students with high health literacy ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#There is a correlation between health literacy and unhealthy eating behavior of junior middle school students in rural areas of Jiangxi Province, schools, families, governments and relevant departments can improve the health literacy level of junior high school students to improve their unhealthy eating behavior, so as to improve the health status of junior high school students.

Effect of orienteering exercises on children s executive function / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effect of orienteering exercises on the improvement of children s executive function, and to explore the relationship between executive function and orienteering intervention to provide theoretical support.@*Methods@#Forty children from the fourth grade of Zhonghai the First Experimental Primary School in Changchun City were selected as the experimental subjects, 20 as the experimental group (10 males, 10 females) and 20 as the control group (10 males, 10 females). The functional changes of executive function subfunctions (inhibitory function, conversion function, refresh function) before and after orienteering exercises intervention were measured by More odd shifting, 1 back and Flanker.@*Results@#After intervention, the inhibitory function, conversion function and refresh function were significantly decreased in the experimental group (10.29±15.99, 295.19±189.76, 642.85±220.78)ms compared with before intervention (25.62±10.18, 616.04±287.92, 1 051.25±275.00)ms (F=12.52, 20.76, 20.89, P<0.01), while there was no significant change in the control group (P>0.05). In this study, neither gender main effect nor interaction between sex × group, sex × time and sex × time × group were found (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Orienteering exercises can significantly improve children s executive function, which are not vaired by sex.

Identification of prognosis-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma based on bioinformatical analysis / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@# Objective: To identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and normal liver tissues by bioinformatic methods, and to explore the intrinsic mechanism of these candidate genes involving in the occurrence and development of HCC from transcriptome level as well as the clinical significance of their associations with the prognosis of HCC patients. Methods: Gene expression profiles of GSE45267, GSE64041, GSE84402 and TCGA were downloaded from GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus) and TCGA(The Cancer GenomeAtlas), respectively. R software and Bioconductor packages were used to identify the DEGs between HCC tissues and para-cancer tissues, and then Gene Ontology (GO) Enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis and survival analysis were performed. Results: Forty-six up-regulated genes and 154 down-regulated genes were screened out,and GO enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs were mainly related to cell division, proliferation, cycle regulation, oxidation-reduction process and certain metabolic pathways. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly involved in tryptophan metabolism, retinol metabolism and other metabolic pathways as well as p53 pathway. Over-expression of a panel of up-regulated genes (CCNA2, CDK1, DLGAP5, KIF20A, KPNA2 and MELK) was shown to be significantly negatively correlated with the prognosis of HCC patients in the TCGA dataset (all P<0.01). Conclusion: A set of up-regulated hub genes that are negatively correlated with prognosis will provide potential guiding value for the clinical research on the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

The relationship between Beclin 1 expression and lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the relationship between Beclin 1 level and lymph node metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Method    A total of 204 surgical specimens of patients with non-small cell lung cancer from September 2011 to September 2016 were collected in our hospital. There were 116 males and 88 females . Beclin 1 levels were detected by Western blotting. There were 116 males and 88 females at average age of 55.3±11.2 years. The patients were divided into three groups including a group N0 (no lymph node metastasis), a group N1(intralobar and interlobar lymph node metastases, and no mediastinal lymph node metastasis), and a group N2 (mediastinal lymph node metastasis). The differences of Beclin 1 levels in tumor tissues and lymph nodes of patients with N0, N1 and N2 were statistically analyzed. Results    Among 204 patients of lung cancer, 36 patients were squamous cell carcinoma and 168 patients were adenocarcinoma. The levels of Beclin 1 in tumor tissues of N0, N1 and N2 groups decreased gradually with a statistical difference (P<0.05). In the three groups, the levels of Beclin 1 in the lung hilum and intrapulmonary lymph nodes (N1 Beclin 1) of N1 and N2 groups were less than that of N0 group with a statistical difference (P<0.01). In the three groups, the level of Beclin 1 in the mediastinal lymph nodes (N2 Beclin 1) of N2 group was less than that of the N0 and N1 groups with a statistical difference (P<0.01). In the N1 group, the level of N1 Beclin 1 was less than that of N2 group (P<0.01). In the N2 group, though the level of N1 Beclin 1 was less than N2 Beclin 1, there was no statistical difference (P>0.05). Conclusion    Beclin 1 level can be used as a reference index to judge the benign and malignant lung masses, and lymph node Beclin 1 level can be used as an important reference index to help determine whether there is lymph node metastasis in lung cancer.

An epidemiologicul survey on intrauterine device downward dislocation in Chinese rural users / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the situation of downward dislocation of intrauterine device (IUD) and the impact related to the effectiveness of IUD use, in China. Methods An epidemiological survey with cross-sectional, retrospective and prospective study designs was conducted to investigate 18 922 IUD users who were selected by a multi-phase stratified cluster sampling method. Results IUD's downward dislocation had been an important unsuccessful issue related to the IUD insertion that accounted for 20% of total the cases of failure. The top three failure outcomes would include extrusion,removal due to downward dislocation and unintended pregnancy. Respectively, the cumulative rates and the ranking due to IUD failure (per 100 women) in the first, third, sixth and twelfth month were shown as follows: extrusion appeared as 0.33%, 1.13%, 2.21% and 4.30%; removal as 0.10%, 0.37%, 0.80% and 2.34% ; while unintended pregnancy were 0.03%, 0.14%, 0.41% and 1.14%. Conclusion IUD' s downward dislocation made great impact on the effectiveness of IUD use that should call for attention from relative governmental sectors and researchers in the areas of prevention, diagnosis and treatment.