Relationship between expression level of sex-determining region Y box 9 and metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of sex-detemining region Y box9 (SOX9) expression levels on the proliferation, migration and metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).@*Methods@#A total of 74 OSCC pathological specimens were collected from Shanghai OSCC Tissue and Biological Informations Bank, and clinicopathological information of these specimens were collected. Immunohistochemistry assay was used to examine the expression levels of SOX9 in OSCC and to analyze their relationship with clinicopathological features. Cell counting kit-8 assay and cloning formation was used to observe the relationship between the expression levels of SOX9 and the proliferation of OSCC. Transwell experiment and scratch test were used to detect the difference of the ability of OSCC in cell lines with different expression levels of SOX9.@*Results@#The risk of lymph node metastasis in patients with high expression of SOX9 was significantly increased (P=0.010). In the Transwell experiment, the number of HN6 cells (671.0±57.4, P=0.000) migrated to the lower chamber more than that of CAL27 cells (172.0±13.9). In the scratch experiment, HN6 cells [0 h: (93.7±2.1) μm; 6 h: (56.7±2.5) μm; 12 h: (29.7±3.1) μm] migrated faster than CAL27 [0 h: (93.7±1.5) μm; 6 h: (78.0±2.0) μm; 12 h: (42.0±3.0) μm](P<0.05). The migration ability of the cell line (HN6) with high-expression of SOX9 was significantly higher than that in cell line (CAL27) with low-expression SOX9 (P<0.05). The expression levels of SOX9 in OSCC were no significant on cell proliferation (P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#High expression of SOX9 can promote the migration and lymph node metastasis of OSCC. SOX9 is a candidate gene target for the diagnosis and intervention of lymph node metastasis in OSCC.

The osteointergration and osteoinduction of titanium implant with nHA/BG gradient coating in rabbits / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate the osteointegration and osteoinduction of nano hydroxyapatite/bioglass ( nHA/BG ) gradient nanofilm on the surface of titanium ( Ti) prepared by hypotherm sintering and plastic deformation. Methods:Hypotherm sintering was used to produce nHA/BG gradient coating followed by soaking in the simulated body fluid. Ti implants with gradient coatings were planted in femoral condyles at one side of 12 New Zealand rabbits and the untreated Ti implants were planted at the other side as the controls. 1, 3 and 6 months after implantation, the animals were sacrificed after X-ray examination and the tissues around the implants from the 3 month group were used for the preparation of hard tissue section and ground section. New bone formation was observed by tetracycline fluorescence staining. Von Gieson staining was used to observe the osteointegration at the interface between bone and im-plant. Results:The gradient coatings were porous and composed of irregular rod-like nano-HA crystals. Animal study showed well es-tablished osteointegration between the gradient coating and more novel bone was found around the implants with gradient coatings. Conclusion:Osteointegration and ostioinduction of Ti implant can be enhanced by nanostructured surface with gradient coatings of nHA/BG.

A comparative study on stomatological education and vocational perspective between U.S.A and China / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Chinese stomatology education mode is different from foreign oral education mode,with its own characteristics and some deficiencies.By comparing to the mature oral ( dental ) medical education system,we can learn from the successful experience from American modern oral medical education mode while preserving their advantages to carry forward the Chinese stomatology education.For this purpose,we analyze the academic structure,curriculum,teaching methods,continuing education,basic training,clinical practice,career prospects between Sino-US oral medical education system.Some suggestions on educative reform were also made.

Identification of genes with consistent expression alteration pattern in ACC-2 and ACC-M cells by cDNA array / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the molecular events and metastasis-related genes in ACC-2 and ACC-M cells of adenoid cystic carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Adenoid cystic carcinoma cell line ACC-2 and a sample of adenoic cystic carcinoma cell clones highly metastatic to the lung (ACC-M) were investigated. ACC-2 and ACC-M cells were cultured and collected. Total RNA was extracted using standard Trizol RNA isolation protocol. The poly A mRNA was purified and labeled in reverse transcription using M-MLV reverse transcriptase in the presence of Easytides deoxyadenosin 5' triphosphate [alpha-(33)p]. A cDNA array was assembled with 7675 EST clones which represented the same number of independent single genes. Prepared nylon membranes were hybridized with the [alpha (33)p]-dATP labeled mRNA from ACC-2 and ACC-M cells. Membranes were exposed to phosphor screen.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The high-through put analysis of gene expression pattern was obtained from ACC-2 and ACC-M cells by the hybridization of the cDNA array. The difference of parallel gene expression was analyzed. Genes were clustered according to their expression level in the ACC-M compared with ACC-2 cells. According to each gene's ratio of expression level, there were 17 genes which were upregulated with ratios over 3.0, and there were 12 genes which were downregulated with ratios below 0.33 (1/3.0 = 0.33).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Significantly different expression patterns between ACC-2 and ACC-M by cDNA array were observed. The differences lie in signal pathways, tumor antigens, immune molecular and some unknown genes.</p>

Establishment of human immortalized oral epithelial cell line HIO615 induced by HPV16 E6 and E7 / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an immortalized oral epithelial cell line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Normal human oral epithelial cells were transfected with HPV16E6/E7 open reading frames using recombinant retroviral system pLXSN. Expression of HPV16E6 and E7 protein were tested by Western blot in three kinds of cells. To define cellular biological characterization of HPV16E6/E7 transfected cells, a series analysis were performed, including protraction of growth curve, HE staining, immunocytochemical staining and scanning electron microscope observation. The tumorigenicity was assessed by colony formation and transplanting the cells into nude mice.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Human oral epithelial cells transfected with HPVE6/E7 has been in culture for over 18 months. The cell line was named HIO615. Western blot analysis showed HIO615 expressed HPV16 E6 and E7 protein. HIOC were positive for cytokeratin, tonofibril and desmosome as observed by scanning electron microscope. The number of large colonies of dense multilayer cells was low (0.77%). No tumor developed in nude mice injected subcutaneously with HIOEC.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A human immortalized oral epithelial cell line induced by HPV16E6 and E7 has been successfully established.</p>

Relation between the expression of P-gp and GST-pi in oral and maxillofacial squamous carcinoma and chemoresistance / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigating the relation between the expression of P-glycoprotein and Glutathione transferase-pi and the chemoresistance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expressions of these two proteins in patients with oral and maxillofacial squamous carcinoma and normal oral tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rate of P-gp and GST-pi in oral and maxillofacial malignant tumor was 57.1% and 53.6% respectively, and no expression in normal oral tissues; the expression of GST-pi was relevant to the resistance to cisplatin, while the expression of P-gp was relevant to the resistance to chemotherapeutic drug in general.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The method of immunohistochemistry combining MTT assay in vitro may become an efficient way to predict the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drug.</p>

Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis in ACC-2 cells is associated with the arrest of G(2)/M / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether paclitaxel (Taxel) can efficiently induce apoptosis of ACC-2 or not, and to study the relation of apoptosis and arrest of cell mitosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Paclitaxel-induced arrest of cell mitosis and apoptosis of ACC-2 cells in various concentration and different treat time were determined using transmission electron microscope (TEM), fluorescence microscope, flow-cytometry and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Under fluorescence microscope, apoptotic cells were green with irregular clumping of nucleus chromatin, or even nuclear chromatin segregation. The typical ultra-structural changes of apoptosis observed by TEM were cell compaction, margination of nuclear chromatin, condensation of cytoplasm, protuberances and apoptotic body. "DNA Ladder" was absent in agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA extracted from culture of ACC-2 cells and paclitaxel-induced ACC-2 cells. "Sub-G(1)" phase peak of ACC-2 cells induced by 50 nmol/L paclitaxel in 48 h and 72 h was 17.13% and 16.26%, respectively. The percentage of G(2)/M phase increased in accordance with raise of the paclitaxel concentration and prolongation of treatment. The typical ultra-structural changes of apoptosis were observed in case that G(2)/M phase was arrested.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Paclitaxel could induce apoptosis of ACC-2 cells. Arrest of G(2)/M phase might induce apoptosis of ACC-2 cells.</p>

Chemosensitivity testing of oral and maxillofacial cancer with biopsy specimens / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the chemosensitivity in fresh biopsy specimen of human oral and maxillofacial cancer, and the differential chemosensitivity among those drugs used popularly in clinic.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human biopsy cancer cells were obtained from 150 oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. The antitumor drugs tested using modified MTT assay were cisplatin (CDDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), Pinyangmycin (PYM), Paclitaxel (Taxol), Teniposide (Vm-26), Epi-adriamycin (E-ADM), Vindesin (VDS) and Methortrexatum (MTX).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The success rate of the MTT assay was 93.33% (140 of the 150 cases). At a drug concentration of Cmax x 5, the inhibition rates of oral tumor cells were 63.76% for Vm-26, 25.93% for CDDP, 25.86% for E-ADM, 23.52% for Taxol, 22.97% for PYM, 22.08% for 5-Fu, 18.42% for VDS and 18.93% for MTX. The inhibition rate of VM26 was significantly higher than any of other seven chemotherapeutic drugs (P < 0.05). Over forty percent patients with squamous cell carcinoma showed moderate chemosensitivity to VM-26, CDDP and E-ADM, and over forty percent cases with adenoid carcinoma showed moderate chemosensitivity to Vm-26, Taxol and E-ADM.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Most oral and maxillofacial cancers showed chemosensitivity to Vm-26, CDDP, E-ADM and Taxol. Vm-26, E-ADM and Taxol were more potent drugs than VDS, 5-Fu and MTX against oral and maxillofacial cancer cells. Chemosensitivity testing using modified MTT assay was useful in selecting antitumor drugs for patients with oral and maxillofacial cancers.</p>