Correlation analysis between preschool children s emotional competence and home rearing environment / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the correlation between preschool children s emotional competence and home rearing environment in Shangrao City, so as to provide support for improving children s emotional competence development as well as their home rearing environment.@*Methods@#A total of 1 242 children aged 3-6 years old from 10 kindergartens in Shangrao City were retrospectively investigated by stratified cluster random sampling method in December 2022, and the Children s Emotional Adjustment Scale-Preschool Version (CEAS-P) and the Home Nurture Environment Scale for children aged 3-6 were surveyed on parents of preschool children. The t-test was used to test the difference, Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of preschool children s emotional competence.@*Results@#There were significant differences in emotional competence scores of preschool children for demographic indicators including age, place of residence, health status and whether they were only children ( F/t =5.98, 6.56, 38.00, 2.23, P <0.01). The emotional competence of preschool children was positively correlated with the home rearing environment ( r=0.62, P <0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that diverse activities/play participation, social adaptation/self management, and emotional warmth/self expression in home rearing environment were positive predictors of children s emotional ability ( β =0.30, 0.28, 0.16), while neglect/intervention/punishment were negative predictors ( β =-0.09)( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The home rearing environment is a factor related to young children s emotional competence. It is suggested specific parenting initiatives such as enriching family activities and play, strengthening children s self adaptation and management, giving warmth and let children express emotions, and preventing child neglect, interference and punishment should be conducted to improve children s emotional competence.

Clinicopathological features of thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype and gene alterations of thyroid-like low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (TL-LGNPPA). Methods: Fifteen case of TL-LGNPPA diagnosed at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (5 cases) and the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (10 cases) from November 2011 to August 2020 were collected. Clinical and pathological examinations, immunohistochemical staining and next-generation sequencing were performed. The clinicopathological and molecular characteristics were summarized, and relevant literature was reviewed. Results: Fifteen patients were identified and included. Their median age was 36 years (range, 20-60 years). The male-female ratio was 1.0∶1.1. The most common symptoms were epistaxis and nasal obstruction. The neoplasms were located on the roof of the nasopharynx or the posterior margin of the nasal septum. The pathological features included complex papillary and glandular structures mainly composed of single or pseudostratified cubic and columnar cells, with mild to moderate cytological atypia. In some cases, spindle cell features, nuclear grooves, ground glass nuclei, squamous metaplasia, or scattered psammoma bodies were identified. In addition, nuclear polar reversal cells, hobnail cells and micropapillary structures were found, but have not been reported in previous literature. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were diffusely positive for TTF1, CK7, vimentin and CKpan; focally positive for p40, CK5/6 and p16; and negative for Tg, NapsinA, CK20, CDX2, S-100 and PAX8. The Ki-67 positive rates ranged from 1% to 20% and were≤10% in thirteen cases (13/15). EBER in situ hybridization was negative in all cases. DNA sequencing of 6 specimens was performed and all specimens were found harboring gene mutations (EWSR1, SMAD2, ROS1, JAK3, GRIN2A, ERRCC5, STAT3, and TET2), but no hot spot gene alterations were found. No MSI-H and MMR related gene changes were detected. All tumors showed low tumor mutation burden. All 15 patients underwent endoscopic surgery, and only 1 of them underwent radiotherapy postoperatively. All patients were recurrence free and alive at the end of follow-up periods (range: 23 to 129 months). Conclusions: TL-LGNPPA is a rare indolent tumor of the nasopharynx and exhibits a unique morphology and immunophenotype. Endoscopic resection is an effective treatment for TL-LGNPPA with excellent overall prognosis.

LOX-1 Regulation in Anti-atherosclerosis of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicine: Current Knowledge and the New Insight / 中国结合医学杂志

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) have recently been identified to be closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS). A growing body of evidence has suggested Chinese medicine takes unique advantages in preventing and treating AS. In this review, the related research progress of AS and LOX-1 has been summarized. And the anti-AS effects of 10 active components of herbal medicine through LOX-1 regulation have been further reviewed. As a potential biomarker and target for intervention in AS, LOX-1 targeted therapy might provide a promising and novel approach to atherosclerotic prevention and treatment.

Wogonoside alleviates high glucose-induced dysfunction of retinal microvascular endothelial cells and diabetic retinopathy in rats by up-regulating SIRT1 / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of wogonoside on high glucose-induced dysfunction of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic retinopathy in rats and explore the underlying molecular mechanism.@*METHODS@#HRMECs in routine culture were treated with 25 mmol/L mannitol or exposed to high glucose (30 mmol/L glucose) and treatment with 10, 20, 30, 40 μmol/L wogonoside. CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay were used to examine cell proliferation and migration, and the changes in tube formation and monolayer cell membrane permeability were tested. ROS, NO and GSH-ST kits were used to evaluate oxidative stress levels in the cells. The expressions of IL-1β and IL-6 in the cells were examined with qRT-PCR and ELISA, and the protein expressions of VEGF, HIF-1α and SIRT1 were detected using Western blotting. We also tested the effect of wogonoside on retinal injury and expressions of HIF-1α, ROS, VEGF, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and SIRT1 proteins in rat models of STZ-induced diabetic retinopathy.@*RESULTS@#High glucose exposure caused abnormal proliferation and migration, promoted angiogenesis, increased membrane permeability (P < 0.05), and induced inflammation and oxidative stress in hRMECs (P < 0.05). Wogonoside treatment concentration-dependently inhibited high glucose-induced changes in hRMECs. High glucose exposure significantly lowered the expression of SIRT1 in hRMECs, which was partially reversed by wogonoside (30 μmol/L) treatment; interference of SIRT1 obviously attenuated the inhibitory effects of wogonoside against high glucose-induced changes in proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, membrane permeability, inflammation and oxidative stress in hRMECs. In rat models of STZ-induced diabetic retinopathy, wogonoside effectively suppressed retinal thickening (P < 0.05), alleviated STZ-induced retinal injury, and increased the expression of SIRT1 in the retinal tissues (P < 0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#Wogonoside alleviates retinal damage caused by diabetic retinopathy by up-regulating SIRT1 expression.

Changes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in workers exposed to noise / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.

Changes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in workers exposed to noise / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.

Association of serum Apelin level, silicosis stage and pulmonary function in patients with occupational silicosis / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of serum Apelin level, silicosis stage and lung function in patients with occupational silicosis(hereinafter referred to as silicosis). METHODS: A case-control study was conducted. A total of 85 patients with silicosis were selected as the silicosis group(44, 28 and 13 patients with stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ silicosis, respectively), and 120 healthy individuals without occupational hazard exposure were selected as the control group. Serum samples were collected from the cases of the two groups and the level of Apelin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The pulmonary function of the silicosis group was examined. RESULTS: The median and the 25 th and 75 th percentiles \[M(P_(25),P_(75))\] of serum Apelin levels in the control group and silicosis group were 1.29(0.92, 1.77) and 0.80(0.62, 1.04) mg/L, respectively. The level of serum Apelin M(P_(25),P_(75)) in stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ silicosis patients was 1.03(0.82, 1.31), 0.66(0.60, 0.80) and 0.50(0.30, 0.65) mg/L, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the level of serum Apelin in the silicosis group was higher than that in the control group after excluding the influence of age and smoking(P<0.01). The level of serum Apelin decreased with the increase of silicosis stage in the silicosis group(P<0.001). Serum Apelin level in silicosis group was positively correlated with lung vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75%(all P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The lower level of serum Apein in silicosis patients, the more serious the disease and the more serious the damage to lung function. Apelin is of significance in the diagnosis, staging, treatment appraisal and prognostic evaluation of silicosis, and it can be use as a potential therapeutic target for silicosis.

Regulatory T Cells: A New Target of Chinese Medicine in Treatment of Atherosclerosis / 中国结合医学杂志

Inflammation and immune disorders are integral to the occurrence and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). With the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in immune regulation attracting attention, it has been widely accepted that Treg decrease and dysfunction are involved in AS pathogenesis. Chinese medicine (CM) has the advantages of being dual-directional, multi-targeted, and having minimal side effects in immune regulation. The anti-atherosclerosis effects of CM via Treg modulation have been revealed in clinical and animal studies. Therefore, this article reviews existing research on Tregs, the relationship between Tregs and AS, and the progress of CM for treating and prevention of atherosclerotic cardio-cerebrovascular diseases by regulating Tregs. Although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, CM treatment targeting Treg cells might provide a promising and novel future approach for prevention and treatment of AS.

Treatment experience of a case of brodifacoum poisoning / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the experience of diagnosis and treatment of a case of brodifacoum poisoning. METHODS: The clinical data of a case of unexplained brodifacoum poisoning was retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: The patient went to the doctor for unexplained bleeding. The bleeding symptoms included nasal o blood ozing, blood in saliva and skin ecchymosis. Blood anticoagulative rodenticide test showed positive with brodifacoum. The results of coagulative function tests showed that the indexes of partial prothrombin time, prothrombin time and fibrinogen were increased. The patient was diagnosed as brodifacoum poisoning based on the clinical symptoms and laboratory test results. The combined use of 40 mg/d of vitamin K_1 and frozen plasma improved the clotting time and quickly alleviated the bleeding symptoms of the patient. However, the patient′s bleeding symptoms recurred when vitamin K_1 was discontinued. The patient was hospitalized for 62 days and then discharged. With follow-up one month after discharge, the patient showed no bleeding symptoms, but brodifacoum could still be detected in the blood. CONCLUSION: The symptoms of brodifacoum poisoning may relapse and the treatment course is long. Vitamin K_1 could be used as the first-choice medicine for the treatment of brodifacoum poisoning, but its usage needs to be optimized.

A clinical analysis of hypoglycemia in patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the causes of hypoglycemia and the features of clinical indices in patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus. MethodsA total of 50 patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus who were admitted to Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2017 to June 2019 were enrolled as subjects, among whom 25 patients with one hypoglycemic event were enrolled as experimental group and 25 patients without hypoglycemia were enrolled as control group. Hepatic and renal function, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, and Child-Pugh class were evaluated for both groups, and the time period and possible causes of hypoglycemia were analyzed. The independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. ResultsCompared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly lower levels of fasting blood glucose ［6.10(3.45~8.96) mmol/L vs 8.12(6.18~12.59)mmol/L, Z=-2.687, P=0.007］, cholinesterase ［3009.00(1788.50~4439.50)U/L vs 4936.00(4051.00~6740.50)U/L, Z=-3.095, P=0.002), albumin (32.02±7.07 g/L vs 35.89±5.49 g/L, t=2.161, P=0.036), and glycosylated hemoglobin (6.97±1.64 mmol/L vs 8.04±1.78 mmol/L, t=2.047, P=0.047). Among the patients in the experimental group, 36% had Child-Pugh class B cirrhosis and 36% had Child-Pugh class C cirrhosis, and among the patients in the control group, 56% had Child-Pugh class A cirrhosis and 40% had Child-Pugh class B cirrhosis; there was a significant difference in Child-Pugh class between the two groups (χ2=8.786, P=0.012). Most of the patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus experienced hypoglycemia in the fasting state in the morning and in the daytime, with the main causes of excessive insulin (44%) and insufficient food intake or calorie supplementation (40%), and some patients experienced fasting asymptomatic hypoglycemia (16%). ConclusionBlood glucose monitoring and management should be taken seriously for patients with liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus in clinical practice, in order to reduce the occurrence of hypoglycemia.

Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid-gold nanoparticles-mediated photodynamic therapy in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cells

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the conjugation of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) could enhance the anti-tumor efficiency of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in epidermoid carcinoma cells. The mRNA and protein expression levels were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. Cell viability, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were determined by MTT assay, flow cytometry, transwell invasion assay, and migration assay, respectively. Singlet oxygen generation was detected by the singlet oxygen sensor green reagent assay. Our results showed that PDT with 5-ALA and GNPs-conjugated 5-ALA (5-ALA-GNPs) significantly suppressed cell viability, increased cell apoptosis and singlet oxygen generation in both HaCat and A431 cells, and PDT with 5-ALA and 5-ALA-GNPs had more profound effects in A431 cells than that in HaCat cells. More importantly, 5-ALA-GNPs treatment potentiated the effects of PDT on cell viability, cell apoptosis, and singlet oxygen generation in A431 cells compared to 5-ALA treatment. Further in vitro assays showed that PDT with 5-ALA-GNPs significantly decreased expression of STAT3 and Bcl-2 and increased expression of Bax in A431 cells compared with PDT with 5-ALA. In addition, 5-ALA-GNPs treatment enhanced the inhibitory effects of PDT on cell invasion and migration and Wnt/β-catenin signaling activities in A431 cells compared to 5-ALA treatment. In conclusion, our results suggested that GNPs conjugated to 5-ALA significantly enhanced the anti-tumor efficacy of PDT in A431 cells, which may represent a better strategy to improve the outcomes of patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Mechanism of male reproductive failure in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and outcomes of assisted reproductive technology treatment / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective: To explore the potential mechanism of male reproductive failure in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) patients and analyze the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology treatment. Methods: Next-generation sequencing was performed for genetic diagnosis of 8 ADPKD patients, who came to International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, for genetic counseling. The semen of ADPKD patients and normal males who came for pre-pregnancy consultation was collected by masturbation for sperm analysis. The ultrastructure of sperm was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Outcomes of 7 patients with ADPKD who chose preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) were compared with those of 7 patients who were dystrophin (DMD) gene mutation carriers, undergoing the PGT in the same period. Results: Eight patients with ADPKD were heterozygous for polycystin 1 (PKD1) gene. Key parameters of sperm motion including progressive motility sperm percentage, curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity, average path velocity, amplitude of lateral head displacement were much lower than those of normal semen, showing mild to severe oligozoospermia. One ADPKD patient with severe oligoathenospermia manifested bilateral seminal vesicle cysts. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the central microtubules of the sperm flagella of ADPKD patients were absent and the surrounding double microtubules were disorganized. There was no significant difference in the number of eggs, fertilization rate, cleavage rate, effective embryo rate and excellent embryo rate between the ADPKD patients and the DMD gene mutation carriers, but the ADPKD patients were prone to early abortion. Conclusion: Male reproductive failure caused by ADPKD may be related to many factors such as abnormal structure of sperm flagella and genital cysts. Further, PKD1 mutation may play a role in embryo implantation and early development.

Use of cationic microbubbles targeted to P-selectin to improve ultrasound-mediated gene transfection of hVEGF165 to the ischemic myocardium / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Gene therapies have been applied to the treatment of cardiovascular disease, but their use is limited by the need to deliver them to the right target. We have employed targeted contrast ultrasound-mediated gene transfection (TCUMGT) via ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) to transfer therapeutic genes to specific anatomic and pathological targets. Phospholipid microbubbles (MBs) with pcDNA3.1-human vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165) plasmids targeted to P-selectin (MB+P+VEGFp) were created by conjugating monoclonal antibodies against P-selectin to the lipid shell. These microbubbles were divided into four groups: microbubble only (MB), microbubble+P-selectin (MB+P), microbubble+pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165 plasmid (MB+VEGFp), and microbubble+ P-selectin+pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165 plasmid (MB+P+VEGFp). The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results showed that the VEGF gene was successfully transfected by TCUMGT and the efficiency is increased with P-selectin targeting moiety. UTMD-mediated delivery of VEGF increased myocardial vascular density and improved cardiac function, and MB+P+VEGFp delivery showed greater improvement than MB+VEGFp. This study drew support from TCUGMT technology and took advantage of targeted ultrasound contrast agent to identify ischemic myocardium, release pcDNA3.1-hVEGF165 recombinant plasmid, and improve the myocardial microenvironment, so promoting the restoration of myocardial function.

Effects of PFOA exposure on inflammatory mediators IL-4, IFN-γand glucocorticoid receptor in asthmatic mice / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)exposure on the changes of asth-matic mouse airway inflammation,inflammatory mediators interleukin-4(IL-4)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in serum, and glucocorticoid receptor(GR)expression in the lung tissue.METHODS:BALB/c mice(n=30)were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control(C)group,asthma(A)group,asthma+low-dose PFOA(AP10)group,asthma+mode-rate-dose PFOA(AP50)group and asthma+high-dose PFOA(AP100)group.Asthma model and PFOA exposure model of mice were established according to the grouping.The animals were sacrificed and their lungs were collected for HE stai-ning,transmission electron microscopy,Western blot and immunohistochemical staining.ELISA was applied to detect the levels of IL-4 and IFN-γin the serum.RESULTS: HE staining of the lungs showed that the asthmatic mice, compared with the normal control mice,had obvious mucus secretion around the airways and infiltration of inflammatory cells around airways and blood vessels,and the effects were much more marked in AP groups.Ultrastructural alteration of the lung tis-sues in the asthmatic mice were indicated by transmission electron microscopy.Compared with C group, the results of ELISA in A group and AP groups proved that IL-4 in the serum was increased and IFN-γwas decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compare with A group,IL-4 was significantly increased and IFN-γwas decreased in AP100 group(P<0.05), and no difference of those between AP 10 group and AP50 group was found.The results of Western blot indicated that GR protein expression in the asthmatic mice were decreased compare with the normal mice(P<0.05), and no difference of that among A group and AP groups was observed.Immunohistochemical staining manifested that GR protein was mainly lo-cated in the cytoplasm of bronchial columnar epithelial cells,airway smooth muscle cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. CONCLUSION:Acute airway PFOA exposure in asthmatic mice dose-dependently exacebates lung inflammation by indu-cing Th2 type immune responses, promotes infiltration of inflammatory cells and mucus secretion around the airways and blood vessels,and destroys the ultrastructure of the lung tissues.

LncRNA H19 and Target Gene-mediated Cleft Palate Induced by TCDD / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

This study investigated the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the development of the palatal tissues. Cleft palates in mice were induced by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Expression levels of long non-coding RNA H19 (lncRNA H19) and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) gene were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The rate of occurrence of cleft palate was found to be 100% by TCDD exposure, and TCDD could cause short upper limb, cerebral fissure, webbed neck, and short neck. The expression levels of lncRNA H19 and IGF2 gene specifically showed embryo age-related differences on E13, E14, and E15 in the palatal tissues. The expression levels of lncRNA H19 and IGF2 gene showed an inverse relationship on E13, E14, and E15. These findings demonstrated that lncRNA H19 and IGF2 can mediate the development of mouse cleft palate.

Analyzing the usage of glucocorticoid in the treatment of occupational medicamentose-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the usage of glucocorticoid in patients who were treated with occupational medicamentose-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene( OMDT),in order to provide a reference for regulating the glucocorticoid treatment of the disease. METHODS: Using a retrospective survey method,144 OMDT cases of patients who were diagnosed and cured by Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment from 2001 to2013 were selected. The general information,clinical data and the use of glucocorticoid were collected and analyzed.RESULTS: i) The usage of glucocorticoid. The median and the 0th to 100 th percentile [M( P_0-P_(100)) ] of first dose of methylprednisolone was 100. 00( 40. 00-1 000. 00) mg / d; 58 patients( 40. 3%) using the first dose of treatment were ineffective. The dosage of glucocorticoid was increased one week after admission,the M( P_0-P_(100)) to an initial dose of120. 00( 40. 00-1 000. 00) mg / d; The M( P_0-P_(100)) of maintenance time of initial dose was 5. 5( 1. 0-14. 0) days. After treating effectively,should the decrement to stop using gradually the first glucocorticoid. The dose was gradually cut down to 20-50 mg every 1 to 3 days if the glucocorticoid dose was more than 100 mg / d; it was cut down to 10 mg every 2 to 3days if the glucocorticoid dose was less than 100 mg / d. The M( P_0-P_(100)) of glucocorticoid using time was 66. 0( 22. 0-229. 0) days. The M( P_0-P_(100)) of total amount of glucocorticoid was 3 510. 0( 420. 0 ~ 27 336. 3) mg. ii) The first dose of glucocorticoid in patients of erythema multiforme group were less than those of exfoliative dermatitis group and bullous epidermal necrolysis group( P < 0. 05),the initial dose and total amount of glucocorticoid were less than the other 3 types of rash( P < 0. 05). iii) Compared with the patients with severe impaired liver function,the first dose,the initial dose and the total amount of glucocorticoid were significantly higher than those in mild impaired liver function( P < 0. 05),and the time of using glucocorticoid was longer than that in mild impaired liver function( P < 0. 05). iv) The first dose and the initial dose of glucocorticoid in patients were positively correlated with the total amount of glucocorticoid [Spearmen correlation coefficient( r_S) were 0. 73 and 0. 78 respectively,P < 0. 01). The maintenance time of the initial dose of glucocorticoid was not correlation with the time of patients who were out of contact with trichloroethylene or the urinary level of trichloroacetic acid at admission( r_Swere- 0. 14 and 0. 10 respectively,P > 0. 05). v) Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that,if the patients who had no erythema multiforme,the more severe the degree of liver dysfunction or the white blood cell count higher than 9. 5 × 10~9/ L,the first dose of glucocorticoid used should be more than 120 mg / d( P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: Liver function and type of rash are important factors that affect the usage of glucocorticoid in patients with OMDT. Glucocorticoid therapy should be prescribed in reference to the liver function and skin lesion of patients with OMDT.

Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by alveolar epithelial cells of rats exposed to silica dust / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell( BMMSC) could be induced by alveolar epithelial cell( AEC) of rats exposed to silica dust or not. METHODS: BMMSCs were isolated and cultivated from 6specific pathogen free healthy male SD rats through bone marrow adherent method. The AECs from other 6 rats randomly selected from the same batch were cultivated by immune adherent purification method. Three rats were treated with 1. 0 m L( 40 g/L mass concentration) of silicosis dust suspension by one time intratracheal injection as silicosis dust exposure model,and the other 3 rats were given 0. 9% sodium chloride solution as normal. Experimental group was the co-culture of BMMSCs and AECs from silicosis dust exposure rats. Control group A was the co-culture of BMMSCs and AECs from normal rats. Control group B was the culture of BMMSCs alone. The morphology changes were observed by the inverted phase contrast microscope at the time points of the 4th and the 8th day. Double immunofluorescence staining using aquaporin 5( AQP5) and surfactant protein C( SP-C) was performed on the treated BMMSCs. The fluorescence staining was observed using the inverted fluorescence microscope( IFM) and laser scanning confocal microscope( LSCM). Integral optical density( IOD) analysis was conducted on fluorescence of 2 kinds of proteins by Image-pro plus 6. 0 graphic analysis software. RESULTS: After the co-culture,the BMMSCs in experimental group and control group A changed from long spindle shape to cubic and polygonal shape,the variation of morphology on day 8 was more obvious than that on day 4,and the change in control group A was less obvious than that of experimental group. There was no obvious morphology change in BMMSCs of control group B. By IFM and LSCM,on day 4 and day 8,the expression of green fluorescence AQP5 and red fluorescence SP-C were all observed in BMMSCs of experimental group and control group A. The BMMSCs of control group B only showed a little green fluorescence expression of AQP5,no expression of red SP-C fluorescence was seen. Both by IFM and LSCM,on day 4 and day 8,the 2 kinds of IOD of BMMSCs in experiment group were higher than those of control group A and B at the same time points( P < 0. 01); the IOD of control group A was higher than that of control group B at the same time point( P < 0. 01). The IOD of experiment group and control group A on day 8 were higher than those on day4 in the same group( P < 0. 01). CONCLUSION: AEC of rats exposed to silica dust can effectively induce BMMSC to be differentiated into AEC.

Insecticide susceptibility in larval populations of the West Nile vector Culex pipiens L. (Diptera:Culicidae) in Saudi Arabia

Objective: To investigate the susceptibility to some conventional and non-conventional insecticides in laboratory and field larval populations of the West Nile vector Culex pipiens L. (Cx. pipiens), the dominant species in Jeddah Province, Saudi Arabia. Methods: The tested conventional insecticides were Actikil and Pesgard, while the non-conventional ones were Bacilod, Dudim and Baycidal. Probit analysis and photo-microscopical observations were carried out to shed light on acute toxicity in laboratory and field Cx. pipiens strains. Results: Cx. pipiens were more susceptible to Pesgard (LC50: 0.045 and 0.032 mg/L) than Actikil (0.052 and 0.038 mg/L) and Bacilod (0.129 and 0.104 mg/L), for the field and laboratory strains, respectively. Results showed that treatments with the chitin syn-thesis inhibitor Dudim and Baycidal evoked morphological effects similar to those induced by other insect growth regulators. According to IC50 values obtained (concen-tration which to inhibit the emergence of 50%of mosquito adults), the compound Dudim (0.000 3 and 0.000 1 mg/L) was more effective against Cx. pipiens L. mosquitoes than Baycidal (0.000 4 and 0.000 3 mg/L) for both the field and laboratory strains, respectively. Conclusions: Our results provide baseline data to enhance control programs and orient public health decisions on the selection of pesticides against mosquito vectors in Saudi Arabia.

Pegylated interferon combined with entecavir in treatment of HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of pegylated interferon α-2a and entecavir (ETV) combination therapy for patients with HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Fifty eight HBeAg positive CHB patients were assigned to two groups:29 patients received ETV 0.5 mg daily for 72 weeks (ETV group) and 29 patients received ETV and pegylated interferon α-2a 180 μg weekly for 48 weeks followed by ETV alone for 24 weeks (combination group).Serum samples were collected from all patients every 12 weeks for assessment of biochemical,virological and serological responses to treatment.Results Fifty four patients completed the 72-week study,including 28 in ETV group and 26 in combination group.There were no significant differences in week 24,week 48 and week 72 of ALT normalization [72％ (21/29)vs.93％ (27/29),x2 =2.104;90％ (26/29) vs.97％ (28/29),x2 =0.269;90％ (26/29) vs.97％ (28/29),x2 =0.269],HBV DNA undetectable rate [31％ (8/26) vs.46％ (13/28),x2 =1.391;62％ (16/26) vs.57％ (16/28),x2 =0.108;77％ (20/26) vs.75％ (21/28),x2 =0.027],HBeAg loss rate[12％(3/26) vs.25％ (7/28),x2 =0.850;31％ (8/26) vs.32％ (9/28),x2 =0.012;46％ (12/26) vs.36％(10/28),x2 =0.609] and HBsAg levels (log10 IU/ml) (3.63 ± 0.45 vs.3.36 ± 1.18,t =-1.066;3.45 ±0.43 vs.3.23 ± 1.15,t =-0.915;3.36 ± 0.58 vs.2.88 ± 1.28,t =-1.762) between two regimens (all P ＞ 0.05).Among 58 patients,15 were HBeAg and anti-HBe double-positive (26％)and 43 were HBeAg mono-positive patients.The baseline HBV DNA level [(5.07 ± 1.50) vs.(6.40 ± 1.47) log10 IU/ml,t =2.858,P ＜ 0.05] and HBeAg titer [14 (4-45) vs.732 (296-1 012) S/CO,Z =-5.031,P =0.05] in double-positive patients were lower than those in mono-positive patients.The HBV DNA undetectable rate of double-positive patients was significantly higher than that of mono-positive patients in 24 weeks [10/15 vs.26％ (10/39),x2 =7.819,P ＜0.05] and 72 weeks [15/15 vs.69％ (27/39),x2 =4.287,P =0.05].The HBeAg loss rate of double-positive patients was higher than that of mono-positive patients in 12 weeks [6/15 vs.10％ (4/39),x2 =4.533,P =0.05] and 48 weeks [9/15 vs.26％ (10/39),x2 =5.608,P =0.018].This tendency was more significant in the combination therapy group,but the difference was not statistically significant.(5/6 vs.4/9,P =0.065).Conclusions Compared with Entecavir monotherapy,entecavir combined with interferon may not improve the therapeutic effect in HBeAg positive chronic hepatitis B patients.However,the therapeutic response of HBeAg/anti-HBe double-positive patients may better than that of HBeAg mono-positive patients.

Identification and characterization of a novel neuropeptide (neuropeptide Y-HS) from leech salivary gland of Haemadipsa sylvestris / 中国天然药物

The present study was designed to identify immunomodulatory components from the leech salivary gland of Haemadipsa sylvestris. The Sephadex G-50, Resource(TM) S column chromatography and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) were used to isolate and purify the salivary gland extracts (SGE). Structural analysis of isolated compounds was based on Edman degradation and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF-MS). The cDNA encoding the precursor of the compound was cloned from the cDNA library of the salivary gland of H. sylvestris. The levels of inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were assayed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effects on cell proliferation and cell viability were observed using MTT assay. A novel neuropeptide Y (Neuropeptide Y-HS) from the leech salivary gland of H. sylvestris was purified and characterized. It was composed of 36 amino acid residues and the amino acid sequence was determined to be FLEPPERPAVFTSVEQMKSYIKALNDYYLLLGRPRF-NH2, containing an amidated C-terminus. It showed significant inhibitory effects on the production of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, and MCP-1. Neuropeptide Y was identified from leeches for the first time. The presence of neuropeptide Y-HS in leech salivary gland may help get blood meal from hosts and inhibit inflammation.