Preliminary study of PPARA regulate the ferroptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma to prevent disease deterioration / 中华预防医学杂志

To explore whether PPARA is involved in the process of ferroptosis in hepatoma cells, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARA) was comprehensively analyzed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through public database and experimental data, including the expression, the functions and the potential roles of tumor progression. The research design is experimental research,data analysis based on bioinformatics and cell experiment. From January 2022 to August 2022, relevant cell experiments were conducted in the Basic Medical Laboratory of the General Hospital of the Southern Theatre of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The expression and the correlation with clinicopathologic features of PPARA in HCC were analyzed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. To study the protein expression of PPARA in HCC and normal tissues through the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network between PPARA and the core factor of ferroptosis was constructed based on Search Tool for the Retrival of Interacting Genes/Protein (STRING) database, then, the correlation between PPARA and the core gene Glutamate-cysteine Ligase Catalytic Subunit (GCLC) was analyzed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA). Assessed the expression of PPARA in HCC cell lines SK-HEP-1, SMMC-7721, MHCC-97H, BEL-7402 and normal liver cell L02 by Western Blot (WB) and the changes of PPARA expression after 48h treatment with ferroptosis inducer Erastin were observed. Single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the expression of PPARA between groups in GEPIA database. The expression of PPARA in GSE25097 and GSE112790 data was compared by rank sum test. Survival analysis was performed using time series test method. The difference of PPARA expression between clinical and pathological features was compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The correlation between the expression of GCLC and PPARA was compared by the method of Spearman correlation. The expression of PPARA in cell lines was compared by paired T test. The results showed that the RNA and protein expression of PPARA in HCC was lower than that in normal tissues (P<0.05). PPARA alterations were correlated with patient clinicopathological features and prognosis (P<0.05). The PPI constructed by STRING database suggests that PPARA interact with the key factors of ferroptosis, such as NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2 (NFE2L2), Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), Tumor Protein P53 (TP53), GCLC, Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 (DPP4), Citrate Synthase (CS), Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase (ALOX15) and Acyl-CoA Synthetase Long Chain Family Member 4 (ACSL4). Furthermore, the PPARA was significantly associated with GCLC validated via GEPIA database(R=0.6, P<0.05). The expression of PPARA increased after treatment with ferroptosis inducer Erastin for 48 h by WB. In conclusion, the expression of PPARA is lower in HCC with a poor prognosis. PPARA interacts with GCLC in regulating ferroptosis in HCC.

Study of anti-atherosclerosis effect and potential mechanisms of piperine in ApoE / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effects of piperine (PIP) on atherosclerosis in ApoE mice fed with high fat diet and the potential mechanisms. Methods After PIP was administered for 20 weeks, aorta was stained by oil red O with the area of aortic plaque analyzed. The levels of blood lipids and serum inflammatory factors were detected. Hepatic expressions of oxidative stress related factors were determined. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured and treated with a series of concentrations of PIP after LPS induction. The levels of NO and oxidative lipids were detected and factors of PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway were analyzed. Results Serum levels of TG, LDL-C, TNF-α and CRP were significantly reduced by PIP in ApoE

Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and cause-specific emergency department visits in Guangzhou / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To understand the relationship between the concentration of air pollutants and daily emergency department visits for different diseases (circulatory system disease, digestive system disease, nervous system disease and respiratory system disease) in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. Methods The daily average concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2, carbon monoxide (CO) and PM2.5 and the daily maximum 8-hour concentrations of O3, the daily average temperature, the relative humidity and cause -specific emergency department visits of the four major diseases from 2015 to 2017 were collected in Guangzhou. Semi-parametric generalized additive model was used to analyze the relationship between the concentration of pollutants and daily cause-specific emergency department visits. Results The daily average concentrations of SO2, NO2, CO, O3 and PM2.5 during the study period were 13.24 μg /m3, 45.96 μg /m3, 0.97 mg /m3, 123.77 μg /m3 and 36.22 μg /m3, respectively. For circulatory system disease，the independently significant associations of SO2 with emergency department visits in single-pollutant models (2.91%, 95% CI: 1.00%-4.85%), and multipollutant models (4.39%, 95% CI: 1.22%-7.67%) were observed. Conclusion The ambient SO2 increases the risk of emergency department visits due to circulatory diseases in Guangzhou. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the emission of SO2.

Antiproliferation activity of a naphthoquinone derivative against vascular smooth muscle cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim: To explore the effect of a synthetic naphthoquinone derivative on the proliferation of rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(RAVSMCs) stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and to clarify its mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effect. Methods: The influence of the synthetic naphthoquinone derivative on cell cycle progression and main signal transduction pathway of cell cycle induced by PDGF-BB were investigated by cell proliferation assay, [3H] thymidine incorporation test, cell cycle process analysis and immunoblotting assay. Results: S phase cell percentage in the cell cycle was reduced, while G0/G1 phase cell percentage was increased by the synthetic naphthoquinone in a dose-dependent (0. 1, 0. 5, 1 μmol · L-1) manner. Moreover, DNA synthesis also decreased. The inhibitory rate of PDGF-BB-induced RAVSMCs proliferation achieved the maximum of 44. 4% after 24 h pre-treatment by the synthetic naphthoquinone derivative at the concentration of 1 μmol · L-1. The phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase l/2(ERKl/2), Akt, phospholipase C (PLC) γ1 and PDGF receptor β(PDGFRβ) induced by PDGF-BB was significantly decreased (P < 0. 01) by addtion of 1 μmol · L-1 synthetic naphthoquinone derivative. Conclusions: The synthetic naphthoquinone derivative exhibits anti-proliferation activity against RAVSMCs induced by PDGF-BB via blocking the transformation of G0/G1 phase cell into S-phase cell in the cell cycle. The mechanisms might be related to its down-regulatory effect on phosporalation level of ERK1/2, Akt, PLCγ1 and PDGFRβ.

Influence of alisol B 23-acetate on blood glucose in type 2 diabetic mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore whether alisol B 23-acetate possesses the therapeutic potential for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM ). Methods T2DM mouse model was established by combined administration of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. After three weeks of oral administration of rosiglitazone or alisol B 23-acetate, the blood glucose of type 2 diabetic mice was measured. Oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was carried out the next day. Rosiglitazone was chosen as positive drug. 2-[N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-l, 3-diazol-4-yl) amino]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-NBDG) uptake assay in adipocytes was adopted to test whether alisol B 23-acetate had effect on glucose uptake in cells. 3T3-Ll pre-adipocytes differentiation model was performed to evaluate whether alisol B 23-acetate promoted adipo-genesis. Results Mice exhibited significantly higher blood glucose concentration after intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide for three weeks, as examined by blood glucose concentration on day 21 and OGTT on day 22, compared with normal mice in blank control group. After orally administrating alisol B 23-acetate at dose of 5 mg • kg-1 , 10 mg • kg-1 ,20 mg • kg-1 daily for three weeks, respectively, or orally administered rosiglitazone at dose of 10 mg • kg-1 daily for three weeks, blood glucose greatly decreased in type 2 diabetic mice. Moreover, insulin resistance was also improved to a certain degree during OGTT. Furthermore, alisol B 23-acetate not only increased insulin-induced glucose uptake in adipocytes at the concentration of 30 mmol • L-1 glucose, but also accelerated 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes differentiation process at concentration of 1 μmol • L-1 and 10 μmol • L-1 . Conclusions Alisol B 23-acetate reduces blood glucose of type 2 diabetic mice, promotes pre-adipocyte differentiation and increases glucose uptake in adipocytes; however, the mechanism of action needs further exploration.

Hypoglycemic effect of alismoxide in type 2 diabetic mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the hypoglycemic effect of alismoxide. Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) mouse model induced by combined administration of streptozotocin and nicotinamide was adopted. Three weeks later, blood glucose of blank control group and type 2 diabetic mouse model group was measured on day 21 , and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) was carried out on day 2 2 , respectively. After type 2 diabetic mouse model was successfully established, rosiglitazorie was chosen as positive drug. Oral administration of rosiglitazone at dose of 10 mgk g-1 daily was performed for three weeks in positive group. Oral administration of alismoxide at dose of 5 , 10 and 20 mg kg"1 daily for three weeks was carried out in alismoxide different dose group, respectively. Furthermore, influence of alismoxide on differentiation was investigated in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, and Oil red 0 staining was adopted. Results Not only blood glucose was decreased by alismoxide in type 2 DM mice, but also hypoglycemic trend was exhibited during OGTT. Furthermore, at concentration of 0. 5 and 1 fimol L " 1 , alismoxide promoted 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation. Conclusions It suggests that alismoxide might possess hypoglycemic property and accelerate pre-adipocyte differentiation; however, the mechanism involved needs further study.

Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of ginsenoside Rh_2 caprylic acid monoester / 中国中药杂志

Ginsenoside Rh_2,firstly isolated from red ginseng,is protopanaxadiol type of steroidal saponin. Rh_2 possessed variety of activities,but bioavailability of oral administration Rh_2 was extremely low due to poor absorption. Moreover,ginsenoside Rh_2 exhibited toxicity on human normal cells. Therefore,to improve stronger anti-tumor activity and attenuate toxicity,it was essential to design and optimize chemical structure of ginsenoside Rh_2. Through n-octanoylchloride modifications,a novel ester derivative of ginsenoside Rh_2 named caprylic acid monoester of Rh_2( C-Rh_2) was designed and synthesized. Structure of novel ginsenoside derivative was identified by1 D and 2 D NMR,as well as ESI-MS analyses. Anti-tumor effect of C-Rh_2 was tested on H22 tumor bearing mice. C-Rh_2 displayed certain anti-tumor activities and exhibited less toxicity than Rh_2. In the present study,C-Rh_2 as ester form of ginsenoside Rh_2 showed better anti-tumor activity and less toxicity,but the specific mechanism needs further investigation.

Evaluation of Protective Immune Response Induced by a DNA Vaccine Encoding GRA8 against Acute Toxoplasmosis in a Murine Model

Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan zoonotic protozoan parasite that infects most species of warm-blooded animals, including humans. The heavy incidence and severe or lethal damage caused by T. gondii infection clearly indicate a need for the development of an effective vaccine. T. gondii GRA8 is a member of the dense granules protein family and is used as a marker of acute infection. In the present study, we evaluated the protective immunity induced by DNA vaccination based on a recombinant eukaryotic plasmid, pDsRed2-GRA8, against acute toxoplasmosis in mice. BALB/c mice were intramuscularly immunized with the pDsRed2-GRA8 plasmid and then challenged by infection with the highly virulent GFP-RH strain of T. gondii. The specific immune responses and protective efficacy against T. gondii of this vaccine were analyzed by measuring cytokine and serum antibody titers, splenocyte proliferation assays, and the survival times of mice after challenge. Our results showed that mice immunized with pDsRed2-GRA8 demonstrated specific humoral and cellular responses, induced higher IgG antibody titers with predominant IgG2a production; increased levels of IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IFN-γ, TNF-α, and splenocyte proliferation; and prolonged survival times compared to those of control mice. The present study showed that DNA immunization with pDsRed2-GRA8 induced humoral and cellular immune responses, and all immunized mice showed greater Th1-type immune responses and longer survival times than those of control mice. These results indicated that T. gondii GRA8 DNA immunization induces a partial protective effect against acute toxoplasmosis.

Astragaloside IV promotes angiogenesis in rats with myocardial infarction via PKD1-HDAC5-VEGF pathway / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the angiogenic effect and mechanisms of astragaloside IV(AS-IV)in rats with myocardial infarction via protein kinase D 1(PKD1)-histone deacetylase 5(HDAC5)-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)signaling pathway.METHODS:The classic model of myocardial infarction by ligation of the left anterior de-scending coronary artery was replicated,and the rats were randomly divided into model group,AS-IV group,and AS-IV+CID755673(PKD1 inhibitor)group.The sham operation control group and DMSO control group were also set up.All the rats were given intravenous injection via caudal vein.The rats were sacrificed 4 weeks later,and segmental heart samples were used for HE staining and Masson staining.The expression of PKD1,HDAC5 and VEGF was analyzed by immunohis-tochemistry,RT-PCR and and Western blot.RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group and DMSO group,the myo-cardium in model group showed disordered arrangement, accompanied with necrotic myocardial cells and obvious fibrosis tissue.After treatment with AS-IV,the morphological changes of myocardium were obviously improved,and the number of new blood vessels increased significantly.However,after treatment with AS-IV+CID755673,the myocardial tissues of the rats became disordered again,with increased necrotic cells and some closed vessels.The mRNA and protein expression of PKD1,HDAC5 and VEGF in myocardial tissue in model group was significantly lower than that in sham operation and DMSO groups(P<0.05).The expression in AS-IV group was significantly higher than that in model group(P<0.01), while that in AS-IV+CID755673 group was significantly lower than that in AS-IV group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:AS-IV promotes the angiogenesis of myocardial tissues in the rats after myocardial infarction partly by regulating the PKD 1-HDAC5-VEGF signaling pathway.

Study on the dynamic changes of endothelial progenitor cells in peripheral blood and cognitive ability of rats with different degrees of traumatic brain injury / 天津医药

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs)in peripheral blood and cognitive ability of rats with different degrees of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods A total of 28 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham group,mild traumatic brain injury group,moderate traumatic brain injury group and severe traumatic brain injury group,seven rats in each group.A hole was drilled on the right parietal skull(4.0 mm posterior from bregma and 3 mm lateral to the sagittal suture,hippocampal region)to expose the dura.Rats were subjected to different degrees of traumatic brain injury of 0.9,2.1,3.2 atm(1 atm=101.325 kPa).The dynamic changes of EPCs,white blood cell count(WBC)and platelets(PLT)in the circulating blood were measured before(0 h)and after TBI(3,6,24,48,72,168,240 and 336 h after trauma). Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to record the escape latency and target quadrant change on day 21-25 after TBI in four groups. Results The number of circulating EPCs kept stable throughout the experiment in the sham group.The numbers of EPCs were significantly lower at 3 h after injury in mild,moderate and severe traumatic brain injury groups(17.4±3.1,15.6±5.0 and 23.6±3.0)than those in the sham group(53.6±7.9,P<0.05).The numbers of EPCs at 6 h after injury were increased rapidly,and which were significantly higher in the mild and moderate TBI group than those in sham group(P<0.05).Then the number of EPCs dropped to the normal level on 48 h after injury.The changes of EPCs was inconsistent with the WBC and PLT during the whole experiment.The positioning cruise experiment showed that the escape latency shortened over time in each group.The escape latency was longer in TBI group than that in sham group during the same period. The spatial probe test showed that the percentages of the target quadrant were significantly lower in the moderate and severe TBI groups than those in the sham group and the mild TBI group. Conclusion With the severity of traumatic brain injury,the cognitive ability reduces in model rats.The level of endothelial progenitor cells in circulating blood is related to the severity of the traumatic brain injury,and can be used as a marker to judge the prognosis.

The Establishment of Porcine Scoliosis Model by the Adjustable Brace Asymmetric Tethering / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To explore the feasibility of the adjustable brace asymmetric tethering in concave side for establishing a porcine scoliosis model.Methods Six minority piglets (aged 8-10-week-old, weight 8-10 kg) were selected and the adjustable brace asymmetric tethering in concave side were applied during the procedure.Roentgenography was performed before and immediately after the operation, and 1, 2 and 3 months after the procedure.Cobb angles were measured based in the plain radiograph.Results A piglet died for narcotic drug overdose and the other 5 pigs succeeded in modeling.The cobb angles were (9.0 ±1.6) ° in one month, (11.8 ±1.3) ° in two months and (21.6 ±2.4) ° in three months after the operation . Conclusion It's is an effective way to establish the porcine model of rapidly progressive structural scoliosis by the adjustable brace asymmetric tethering in concave side.It avoids the damage to the spinal elements and could be an ideal model for further study on corrective techniques.

The retrospective analysis of clinical features, treatment and prognosis of incidental prostate cancer / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To explore the clinical feature,treatment and prognosis of incidental prostate cancer(IPC) after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods From January 2009 to April 2017,24 cases undergoing TURP for benign prostatic hyperplasia and being diagnosed with prostate cancer(T1a-T1b) was retrospectivey analysed,who aged from 62 to 84 years (mean 71.8 years).Digital rectal examination (DRE) showed prostate medium texture,smooth surface,and no nodules.Ultrasound presented no low echo nodules in the prostate.Prostate volumes were 19.2-93.4 ml,with median of 40.1 ml.PSA were 1.81-9.11 ng/ml,with median of 4.12 ng/ml.The patients with PSA between 6-10 ng/ml accepted prostate biopsy,and pathological results were negative.Results The The pathology of TURP specimens in 24 cases were diagnosed prostate cancer (21 cases of T1a,3 cases of T1b).According to the new WHO/ISUP classification group,there were 18 cases of hierarchical group 1,3 cases of hierarchical group 2,1 case of hierarchical group 3,2 cases in hierarchical group 4.All patients were treated with hormonal therapy,and 7 cases (5 cases of hierarchical group 1,and 2 cases of hierarchical group 2) underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) after 3 months of hormonal therapy.The specimens of prostatectomy were examined by whole-mount serial,showing 3 cases of prostate cancer (T1a) with negative margin,and 4 cases of benign prostate cells.They were followed up for 5-82 months with median of 43.5 months.No biological progression or tumor progression was found,and,1 case died of colon cancer after 26 months of follow-up.The patients' age and Gleason score of stage T1b were higher than that of stage T1a.Prostate volume and preoperative PSA had no statistically significant difference between the two stages.Conclusions The patients' age and Gleason score of stage T1b were higher than that of stage T1b.The proportion of residual tumor following TURP was high.The prognosis of incidental prostate cancer was good by hormonal therapy or radical prostatectomy.

Establishment of An Animal Model of Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury and the Role of Soluble CD40 Ligand in the Development of Transfusion-related Acute Lung Injury / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To establish an animal model of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) and investigate the role of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) in the development of TRALI. Methods The TRALI animal model established by trauma-hemorrhage-transfusion. Lung edema was evaluated by histopathological examination and the protein and Evans blue dye accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The concentration of sCD40L in storage packed red blood cell (PRBC) and rat's plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results There were obvious epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue of 7 d-PRBC-treated group. The accumulation of protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 7 d-PRBC-treated group [(13.17±5.76)mg] was significantly higher than that in normal controls [(1.21±0.66)mg] and normal saline (NS)-treated group [(4.94±2.15) mg] (F=17.605,P<0.001). The leakage amount of Evans blue dye in 7 d-PRBC-treated group [(0.0109±0.0067)%/min] was significantly higher than that in NS-treated group [(0.0026±0.0006) %/min] (t=2.998,P=0.03). The concentration of sCD40L of the 7 d PRBC [(451.58±73.28) pg/ml] was significantly higher than 0 d PRBC [(277.94±98.18)pg/ml] (t=2.834,P=0.03). The concentration of sCD40L in the plasma of 7 d-PRBC-treated group [(878.21±125.30)pg/ml] was significantly higher than those in normal controls [(289.78±62.60)pg/ml] and NS-treated group [(418.07±47.68)pg/ml] (F=78.715,P<0.001). Conclusion The TRALI animal model was successfully established with trauma-hemorrhage-transfusion. The concentration of sCD40L in plasma of rats with massive transfusion is remarkably increased,suggesting sCD40L may play a role in the development of TRALI.

Study on intervention action of total flavonoids from Ilex Pubescens Radix on animal models of cerebral ischemic tolerance with blood stasis / 中国中药杂志

The mice models of blood stasis were established by injecting dexamethasone into the intramuscular of side the thigh for successive 15 days, and giving related drugs via an intragastric administration. Firstly, the method of blocking the bilateral common carotid artery (CCA) was used for 10 minutes, and then perfusion restore for 5 days. Secondly, the method of CCA was used for 30 minutes, and then reperfusion for 24 hours. The whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity, the activity of NOS and ATPase and the level of NOS, and the content of Glu in the ischemic brain were measured. The morphological changes of brain tissue were observed by eosin (HE) staining technique. The results showed that compared with IPC model group the large doses of the flavonoids could reduce the viscosity of whole blood significantly (P<0.01). The small and medium doses of flavonoids could reduce the whole blood viscosity low-shear obviously (P<0.01). The medium doses of flavonoids could reduce the midst-shear obviously (P<0.05). The large and medium dose of flavonoids could significantly improve the ATP activity (P<0.01). The medium dose of flavonoids could improve the Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity significantly (P<0.01). The small dose of flavonoids could improve the Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity obviously (P<0.05). The large doses of flavonoids could reduce the content of gluin the ischemic brain significantly (P<0.01). And the others does of flavonoids could reduce the content of gluin the ischemic brain obviously (P<0.05). The large doses of flavonoids could reduce the activity of TNOS and iNOS significantly (P<0.01). The medium doses of flavonoids could reduce the activity of TNOS and iNOS obviously (P<0.05). The small doses of flavonoids could reduce the activity of iNOS obviously (P<0.05). Total flavonoids could obviously or significantly decrease the whole blood viscosity, the activity of NOS and the content of gluin the ischemic brain, increase the activity of ATPase significantly or obviously, could significantly relieve the degree of pathological injury of brain tissue of animal models.

Effect of Point-of-care Hemoglobin/Hematocrit Devices and Autologous Blood Salvage on Reduction of Perioperative Allogeneic Blood Transfusion / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

Objective To evaluate the effect of point-of-care hemoglobin/hematocrit (POC HGB/HCT) devices and intraoperative blood salvage on the amount of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion and blood conservation in clinical practice.Methods A total of 46 378 medical records of 22 selected hospitals were reviewed. The volume of allogeneic red blood cell and plasma, number of patients transfused, number of intraoperative autologous blood salvage, total volume of autologous blood transfusion, and amount of surgery in the year of 2011 and 2013 were tracked. Paired t-test was used in intra-group comparison, while t-test of two isolated samples carried out in inter-group comparison. P<0.05 was defined as statistically significant difference.Results In the hospitals where POC HGB/HCT device was used (n=9), the average allogeneic blood transfusion volume per 100 surgical cases in 2013 was significantly lower than that in 2011 (39.86±20.20 vs. 30.49±17.50 Units, t=3.522, P=0.008). In the hospitals without POC HGB/HCT meter, the index was not significantly different between 2013 and 2011. The average allogeneic blood transfusion volume was significantly reduced in 2013 than in 2011 in the hospitals where intraoperative autologous blood salvage ratio [autologous transfusion volume/(autologous transfusion volume+allogeneic transfusion volume)] was increased (n=12, t=2.290, P=0.042). No significant difference of the above index was found in the hospitals whose autologous transfusion ratio did not grow.Conclusion Intraoperative usage of POC HGB/HCT devices and increasing autologous transfusion ratio could reduce perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion.

Predictors for Massive Blood Loss During Posterior Correction of Congenital Scoliosis in Pre-school Children:A Retrospective Observation / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To investigate the predictors for massive blood loss during posterior correction of congenital scoliosis in pre-school children. Methods Totally 124 children under six years of age,who received posterior correction of congenital scoliosis,were divided into two groups according to the ratio of intraoperative blood loss (BL) and estimated blood volume (EBV). Massive blood loss was defined as BL/EBV>0.15,and minor or moderate blood loss as BL/EBV≤0.15. All the records,including demographics,intraoperative fluids,pre- or postoperative laboratory parameters,and the length of hospital stay,were compared between these two groups. Results There were 57 children in the moderate or minor blood loss group and 67 children in the massive blood loss group. When compared with moderate or minor blood loss group,children in massive blood loss group had significantly lower body weight,shorter body height,longer anesthesia period,and more autologous or allogeneic transfusion (P<0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that body weight lower than 15 kg was the independent predictor for massive blood loss (OR=0.435,95% CI=0.197-0.962). Conclusions The incidence of massive blood loss is about 54% in children under six years of age who have received posterior correction of congenital scoliosis. The body weight of lower than 15 kg is an independent predictor for massive blood loss during the surgery.

Epidemiological survey of high-risk human papillomavirus among 2501 woman / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To survey the prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in woman in Guangzhou during the period from 2013 to 2014.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 2501 women in Guangzhou seeking medical attention in our hospital underwent high-risk HPV genotype screening of cervical specimens using real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among the women was 14.85% (146/983) in the year 2013, similar to the rate of 14.56% (221/1518) in 2014 (Χ(2)=0.041, P=0.839); no significant differences were found in the high-risk HPV infection rates between different age groups in either 2013 (Χ(2)=2.916, P=0.572) or 2014 (Χ(2)=6.494, P=0.165). The constituent ratio of the 13 types of high-risk HPV showed no significant difference between 2013 and 2014 (Χ(2)=11.872, P=0.452). The 13 HPV genotypes detected, listed in a descending order of the constituent ratios, included HPV-52, -16, -58, -56, -39, -51, -68, -59, -31, -35, -18, -33 and -45 in 2013, and were HPV-52, -16, -58, -68, -18, -51, -56, -39, -31, -33, -59, -35 and-45 in 2014.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We report a high prevalence of high-risk HPV among women in Guangzhou, which suggests the necessity of screening for high-risk HPV-DNA among women at all ages for prevention and early detection of cervical cancer.</p>

Effects of miR-192 on the expression of ZEB2 and the abilities of migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the effects of miR-192 on the expression of zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) and the abilities of migration and invasion of colorectal cancer (CRC) SW480 and SW620 cells. Methods: After transfection of miR-192 mimics into SW480 and SW620 cells, the expression levels of miR-192 and ZEB2 mRNA and ZEB2 protein were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The abilities of migration and invasion of SW480 and SW620 cells after transfection with miR-192 mimics were determined by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The recombinant vector pmiR-ZEB2-wt and miR-192 mimics were co-transfected into SW480 cells. The binding site of 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of ZEB2 gene with miR-192 was verified by Dual Luciferase™ Reporter Gene Assay. Results: As compared with the negative control (NC) group (transfection with miR-192 mimics-NC), the expression levels of miR-192 in SW480 and SW620 cells after transfection with miR-192 mimics were increased (P < 0.05), and the expression levels of ZEB2 mRNA and protein were decreased (P < 0.05), as well as the abilities of migration and invasion of SW480 and SW620 cells were inhibited (P < 0.05). The Dual Luciferase™ Reporter Gene Assay revealed that the luciferase activity in SW480 cells after co-transfection with recombinant vector pmiR-ZEB2-wt and miR-192 mimics was inhibited (P < 0.05), which indicated that the 3′-UTR of ZEB2 harbored a binding site for miR-192. Conclusion: ZEB2 may be one of the target genes for miR-192. Overexpression of miR-192 may down-regulate the ZEB2 expression and inhibit the migration and invasion of SW480 and SW620 cells. Copyright© 2014 by TUMOR.

An evaluation of the inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide-treated primary dental pulp cells with regard to calcium silicate-based cements / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

This study compared the biological changes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated dental pulp (DP) cells directly cultured on mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium silicate (CS) cements. DP cells were treated with LPS for 24 h. Then, the LPS-treated DP cells were cultured on MTA or CS cements. Cell viability, cell death mechanism and interleukin (IL)-1β expressions were analysed. A one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the significance of the differences between the means. A significantly higher IL-1β expression (2.9-fold) was found for LPS-treated cells (P<0.05) compared with DP cells without LPS treatment at 24 h. Absorbance values of LPS-treated cells cultured on CS cement were higher than a tissue culture plate. A significant difference (P<0.05) in cell viability was observed between cells on CS and MTA cements 24 h after seeding. At 48 h, a high concentration of Si (5 mM) was released from MTA, which induced LPS-treated DP cell apoptosis. The present study demonstrates that CS cement is biocompatible with cultured LPS-treated DP cells. MTA stimulates inflammation in LPS-treated DP cells, which leads to greater IL-1β expression and apoptosis.

Present situation of congenital defects in five counties (cities) of Gansu province in 2009-2010 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the situation of congenital defects' in five counties/cities in Gansu province so as to provide scientific evidence for the development of effective interventions.Methods General imformaton was collected on all the neonates who were born in Dunhuang city,Jingchuan county,Hui county,Weiyuan county and Yongjing county in Gansu province between Oct.1st,2009 to Sep.304th,2010,with all of their gestational age above 28 weeks.Neonates would include live birth,dead fetus and still birth.Results The overall incidence of congenital defects was 7.49‰ in the five counties/cities in Gansu province in 2009.Ranking order in the top three showed as congenital heart disease,pigmented nevus and limb deformity.Disease with the highest mortality was congenital heart disease (0.79‰).The incidence of congenital defects was 8.35‰ in 2010 with the ranking order of the top three as congenital heart disease,neural tube defects/pigmented nevus and hydrocephalus.Diseases having the highest mortality was congenital heart disease (1.10‰o).Different incidence rates on congenital defects were seen in realted areas,with the highest incidence as 14.65‰ in Dunhuang city.Hui county had the lowest incidence—3.28‰.Conclusion Different incidence of congenital defects were seen in respective areas in Gansu province,with the change of ranking orders.Different strategies should be developed differently depending on the current states of congenital defects in respective areas,according to the three-grade prevention model,to reduce the occurrence of congenital defects.