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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the relationship between susceptibility to lung cancer among Chinese and genetic polymorphism at nucleotide -463 (G/A) in myeloperoxidase (MPO), an enzyme found in lysosomes of phagocytes and involved in the formation of hydroxyl radicals and activation of various smoking-related carcinogens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The association of this polymorphism with lung cancer in a hospital-based case-control study of 314 patients and 320 age- and sex-matched controls was tested. The MPO genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The allele frequency for MPO-463A was found to be 11.0% for controls, compared with 15.0% for patients. Multivariate analysis showed an increased risk for overall lung cancer in subjects having GG genotype (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2 - 2.5), however, the elevated risk was limited to squamous cell carcinoma (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4 - 3.9; n = 177) but not to adenocarcinoma (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.8 - 2.1; n = 137). In addition, the risky effect of the GG genotype on squamous cell carcinoma of the lung was evident only in the smokers and those who smoked >/= 26 pack-years (OR, 20.5; 95% CI, 5.6 - 75.3) as compared with GA and AA genotypes (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.7 - 22.5) but not in the nonsmokers or those who smoked < 26 pack-years.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our data support the hypothesis that -463A polymorphism in the MPO gene may reduce the susceptibility to lung cancer in the Chinese.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Asian People , Genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Lung Neoplasms , Genetics , Peroxidase , Genetics , Point Mutation , Polymorphism, Genetic , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Purpose To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of acute cerebral progressive infarction cured with urokinase in combination with heparin sodium. Methods There were 50 cases in the control group and treated group. The treated group was treated with urokinase 300,000 units/day intravenous for 1～2 days, heparin sodium 12,500 units/day intravenous for 5 days, the control group was treated with heparin sodium 12,500 units/day intravenous for 5 days. All patients were treated within 5 days of onset and the deterioration of neurological deficits within 10 hours. The hypodensity was showed by brain CT scan without hemorrhage, MDS score was given before and after cure 30 days for comparison. Results The neurological deficits improvement in the treated group was more efficient than the control group and no hemorrhage was found. Conclusion Middle dose urokinase infusion in combination with heparin sodium intravenous in treatment of acute cerebral progressive infarction was safe and effective and showed obviously clinical valuable.
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Three cases of Pick's disease diagnosed by clinical observation, MRI, SPECT, PET and pathology were analysed. Compared with Alzheimer′s disease, Pick's disease consisted of the following features: ①The changes in personality, judgement, affection and emotion, Kl?ver Bucy syndrome, progressive non fluent aphasia,and the defect of semantic memory were prominent in the early stage, but the disturbance of cognition and visuospatial ability were relatively late. ②Marked cerebral atrophy in the temporal pole was showed in MRI. ③Hypoperfusion and hypometabolism could be found in the frontal and / or temporal cortexes on SPECT or PET scans. It is important to understand the salient features for early diagnosis of Pick's disease in clinic.
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Objective :To study a simplified method of isolation of rat hepatocytes and to observe the pro-cess of cell morphology in long-term culture. Methods :Rat hepatocytes were isolated by a single two-stepperfusion method. The yield and viability were assessed by trypan blue exclusion. [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) was used to test the effect of serum concentration of newborn calf serum on the proliferation of hepatocytes. Hepatocytes were inoculated in the culture mediumconsisted of Williams' E supplemented with insulin,dexamethasone and 10％ new born calf serum. Themorphologic change of cultured hepatocytes was observed. Results:The average yield of hepatocytes was 2.26× 108 cells per rat, with an average viability of 95.6％. New born calf serum had strong biological activi-ty to stimulate the proliferation of hepatocytes and there was close-effect relationship followed by the in-crease of new born calf serum concentration. The rat hepatocytes can be cultured for 5～ 6 weeks withpreservation of normal morphologic appearance. Conclusion:The rat hepatocytes isolated by the abovemethod have high yields and viability and can be long-term cultured in vitro.
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Objective To explore the clinical features of spongiform encephalopathies occurred in the elderly and causes of misdiagnosis. Methods Clinicopathological diagnosis of a 79 year old man with acute spongiform encephalopathy was reported. Clinical, EEG and MRI characteristics of eight old patients with spongiform encephalopathy in China confirmed by neuropathology were reviewed. Results Elder patients with spongiform encephalopathies had an acute onset and a rapid developing course, and all patients presented with progressive dementia accompanied by various clinical manisfestations of extrapyramidal diseases. EEG recordings with typical periodic sharp wave complexes (PSP) was shown in six cases, and abnormal T2 signal in both basal ganglia by MRI in one case. Three cases were misdiagnosed as cerebral vascular disease and one cse as encephalitis herpes cimplex. Conclusions Spongiform encephalopathy in the elderly should be paid more attention to since their early clinical symptoms are similar to that of the acute cerebral vascular diseases. It is suggested that early diagnosis of spongiform encephalopathy could be made basing on the combination of the typical clinical characteristics and dynamic EEG findings, and brain biopsy if necessary, to avoid nosocomial spreading.
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To study the features of sporadic Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease(CJD) in China. Three cases of CJD diagnosed by clinical, electroencephalography (EEG), MRI,14 3 3 brain protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF),pathology and immunocytochemistry prion protein (PrP) were analysed. The average age of the onset of CJD was sixty four years.The onset was acute in all three cases. Visual and cerebellar signs appeared comparatively early besides mental and myoclonic symptoms,but signs of pyramidal damage were not obvious relatively. In all the three cases EEG showed periodic sharp wave complexes. Calcification of pallidumes was showed by CT in one case. Brain atrophy was not so obvious in three cases on MRI. One case showed increased signal surrounding both lateral ventricles of the brain on T2 weighted images. Biopsy,narked changes in the frontal lobe in one case,and in the occiptal lobe in another case were observed,with disappearance of nerve cells and extensive astroglial proliferation and spongiform state. Anti PrP immunocytochemistry had detected PrP deposits in the one biopsy,but the 14 3 3 brain protein was negative in CSF. The diagnosis of CJD was made clinically, but the 14 3 3 brain protein was suspicious one time and negative in another test. It suggested that CJD in Chinese patients may consist of the following features: 1. The onset was comparatively early in age. 2. The onset was acute. 3. Visual and cerebellar signs appeared comparatively early besides mental and myoclonic changes,but signs of pyramidal damage were not obvious relatively. 4. Brain atrophy was not remarkable. 5. Farther study with MRI should be carried out. 6. Negative 14 3 3 brain protein test could not rule out CJD.