Path of social organizations participation in management of mental health in primary and middle schools / 中国学校卫生

Abstract@#As an important part of the social psychological service system, social organizations provide collaborative support for the management of mental health in primary and middle schools. Based on a case of Wuhan psychological service center, the significant contributions were made by social organizations, including system building,technique provides,field supervision and resource aggregation. Social organizations efforts include improving school psychology service system, exploring school based curriculum in respond to needs, seeking solutions of the crisis, and collaborating with social resources to guide multilateral support. The path of social organizations in participating in the mental health management, the limitations and needed support would be explored.

Swallowing function and its related factors in elderly people in welfare homes of Wenzhou City / 上海预防医学

Objective:To understand the swallowing function of the elderly in welfare homes of Wenzhou City，Zhejiang Province and to analyze the related factors of swallowing dysfunction. Methods:A total of 507 elderly people aged 60 years and over were surveyed by questionnaires in three welfare homes of Wenzhou City from January 2018 to January 2020.Hinds time-limited water drinking test was used to screen dysphagia. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of swallowing dysfunction. Results:The incidence of swallowing dysfunction was 26.04% （132 out of 507）. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in the incidence of swallowing dysfunction among the elderly in terms of age， spouse condition， self-care ability， health status， taking sleeping pills， cerebrovascular disease， nervous system disease and depression （P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were related to swallowing dysfunction among the elderly： age ≥80 years old， taking sleeping pills， cerebrovascular diseases， nervous system diseases and depression. Conclusion:The incidence of swallowing dysfunction in elderly people in welfare homes of Wenzhou City is high， especially those aged ≥80 years who need more attention. In addition， taking sleeping pills， cerebrovascular diseases， nervous system diseases and depression all increase the risk of swallowing dysfunction. Corresponding preventive and intervention measures should be formulated.

Analysis of genetic variant in a Chinese pedigree affected with neurofibromatosis type I / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1).@*METHODS@#Target capture high-throughput sequencing and Sanger sequencing were carried out to detect the pathological variant in a NF1 patient and his parents.@*RESULTS@#The proband and his similarly affected father have both harbored a novel nonsense variant of c.2511G>A (p.trp837x) in the NF1 gene. The same variant was not found in his mother and 200 healthy controls.@*CONCLUSION@#The heterozygous nonsense variant of c.2511G>A (p.trp837x) of the NF1 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of NF1 in this pedigree.

Progress in Molecular Mechanisms and Cell Transplantation Therapy of Parkinson's Disease / 中国药学杂志

Neuron is the basic structure and functional unit of nervous system. Once the neurons are damaged or lost, the balance of neuroregulation will be destroyed and a series of nervous system diseases will be induced. Parkinson's disease (PD) is a kind of chronic neurodegenerative disease caused by selective loss of many dopaminergic neurons in the dense region of the substantia nigra in the ventral midbrain. At present, conventional drugs and adjuvant therapies can only relieve clinical symptoms to a certain extent, but cannot fundamentally delay the progress of the disease. With the rapid development of stem cells and reprogramming technologies around the world, cell transplantation to deal with neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson's disease has become a new and potential therapy. This paper mainly summarizes the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease, the preparation of autogenous dopaminergic neurons and the research progresses of dopaminergic neurons transplantation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Curative effect and aesthetics analysis of 40 patients with breast fibroadenoma treated by ring -areola incision / 中国基层医药

Objective To analyze the immune function and shoulder function of sentinel lymph node biopsy combined with mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer.Methods A total of 80 patients with breast fibroadenoma were selected ,and they were randomly divided into surround -mammary areola incision group ( n=40 ) and conven-tional radial incision group(n=40) according to the digital table.The bleeding volume,operation time,hospital stay, satisfaction and curative effect were compared between the two groups .Results The markedly effective rate of surround-mammary areola incision group was 87.50％,which was significantly higher than that of the radial incision group(62.50％),and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =10.400,P=0.001).The total effective rate was 100.00％in the surround -mammary areola incision group ,which was significantly higher than that in the radical incision group(χ2 =6.500,P=0.010).The time of operation,the amount of bleeding and the length of hospital stay in the surround-mammary areola incision group were (56.7 ±3.2) min,(62.1 ±1.8) mL and(8.3 ±0.8) d, respectively,which were lower than those in the radial incision group [(69.8 ±4.3)min,(71.1 ±2.4)min,(11.2 ± 1.3)d],there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (t=15.262,P=0.000;t=18.735, P=0.000;t=11.864,P=0.000).The incidence rates of breast milk symmetry,scar acceptance and adverse reaction in surround-mammary areola incision group were 87.50％,87.50％ and 2.50％,respectively,which were significantly better than those in the radial incision group(67.50％,65.00％ and 15.00％),there were statistically significant differences between the two groups (χ2 =5.032,P=0.024;χ2 =7.862,P=0.005;χ2 =3.923,P=0.047).The total satisfaction rate was 87.50％in the surround-mammary areola incision group ,which was higher than 62.50％in the radial incision group (χ2 =7.222,P=0.007).Conclusion The use of surround -mammary areola incision in the treatment of patients with breast fibroadenoma has obvious effect ,can reduce the degree of breast injury ,improve the physical appearance of the breast ,with high satisfaction .

The expression of cancer-related gene gankyrin in pancreatic cancer / 中华胰腺病杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of tumor related gene gankyrin expression in pancreatic cancer.Methods The immunohistochemical staining was performed to study the gankyrin expression in 62 pairs of pancreatic cancer and matched non-tumor tissues.The correlations ofgankyrin expression with pathological parameters and the influences on the prognosis were analyzed.Results Ggankyrin positivity in pancreatic cancer and matched non tumor tissue was 2.5％ (45/62)and 19.4％ (12/62),respectively.The positivity of gankyrin was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer compared with matched non-tumor tissues,and the differences were statistical significant (P ＜ 0.01).Gankyrin expression in pancreatic cancer tissues were significantly correlated with TNM stage,differentiation and metastasis (P ＜ 0.05),but not with age,gender or tumor location (P ＞ 0.05).The 3-year survival rates of patients with positive and negative gankyrin expression were 17.8 ％ (8/45)and 41.2％ (7/17),respectively.Patients with positive gankyrin expression had a significantly shorter survival period compared with these with negative expression in pancreatic cancer tissues (P =0.034).Conclusions Gankyrin was overexpressed in pancreatic cancer,which was correlated with poor prognosis.

Detection of KIT gene of a case with serious phenotypes of piebaldism / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To investigate the mutations of KIT gene and SLUG(SNAI2)gene in one patients with piebaldism in Chi?na.[Methods]All coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of KIT gene and SLUG gene were amplified by PCR. The PCR products were sequenced. The DNA samples from 50 normal subjects were also sequenced for control.[Results]The novel mutation,c.860T>A (p.V287E),was detected in patient. This mutation was absent in his parents and the controls ,indicating a de novo mutation. The de?tection result of all coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of SLUG gene was normal.This p.V287E mutation was located in the ex?tracellular ligand-bindingdomain(ectodomain)of KIT,which may generate clash with E249 and disrupt the conformation ofβD andβD/βE of D3 that required for SCF(stem cell factor)binding.[Conclusion]We have identified a novel mutation of KIT gene,c.860T>A(p.V287E),which is probably associated with serious phenotypes of piebaldism.

Ethanol extract of propolis protects vascular endothelial cells from oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis by inhibiting C/EBP homologous protein expression / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with EEP (7.5,15 and 30 mg/L) or 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA,4 mmol/L) for 1 h and then treated with ox-LDL (100 mg/L) or tunicamycin (TM,4 mg/L) for 24 h.The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining,respectively.The activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the medium and caspase-3 in the HUVECs were measured.The protein and mRNA levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP),a proapoptotic molecule under endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS),and its downstream Bcl-2 were examined by Western blot and real-time PCR,respectively.RESULTS:Like PBA (an ERS inhibitor),EEP protected HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced injury in a dose-dependent manner,as assessed by the increased cell viability and the decreased LDH release,apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activation.The decrease in cell viability and the increases in LDH release,apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activation induced by TM,an ERS inducer,were also attenuated by EEP.Moreover,EEP suppressed ox-LDL-induced CHOP upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation,and this effect was similar to that of PBA.Similarly,EEP significantly suppressed TM-induced CHOP upregulation both at the protein and mRNA levels.CONCLUSION:EEP may protect HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced apoptosis,and the mechanism is at least partially involved in suppressing CHOP-mediated ERS-associated apoptotic pathway.

Ethanol extract of propolis protects vascular endothelial cells from oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis by inhibiting C/EBP homologous protein expression / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) on oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms.METHODS:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with EEP (7.5,15 and 30 mg/L) or 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA,4 mmol/L) for 1 h and then treated with ox-LDL (100 mg/L) or tunicamycin (TM,4 mg/L) for 24 h.The cell viability and apoptosis were determined by MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining,respectively.The activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) in the medium and caspase-3 in the HUVECs were measured.The protein and mRNA levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP),a proapoptotic molecule under endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS),and its downstream Bcl-2 were examined by Western blot and real-time PCR,respectively.RESULTS:Like PBA (an ERS inhibitor),EEP protected HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced injury in a dose-dependent manner,as assessed by the increased cell viability and the decreased LDH release,apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activation.The decrease in cell viability and the increases in LDH release,apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activation induced by TM,an ERS inducer,were also attenuated by EEP.Moreover,EEP suppressed ox-LDL-induced CHOP upregulation and Bcl-2 downregulation,and this effect was similar to that of PBA.Similarly,EEP significantly suppressed TM-induced CHOP upregulation both at the protein and mRNA levels.CONCLUSION:EEP may protect HUVECs from ox-LDL-induced apoptosis,and the mechanism is at least partially involved in suppressing CHOP-mediated ERS-associated apoptotic pathway.

Analysis and strategy of family caregiving behavior in children with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore and analyze the influencing factors of family caregiving behavior and protective strategies in children with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection. Methods By reviewing the literature, a self-designed questionnaire for family caregiving behavior related to recurrent lower respiratory tract infection were adopted, including feeding behavior, hand hygiene, environmental factors, time of outdoor activities and family health-seeking behavior. Totally 206 cases with recurrent lower respiratory tract infection (the study group) and 206 cases with acute lower respiratory tract infection (the control group) were included and all cases were investigated by family caregiving behavior questionnaire. The influencing factors of family caregiving behavior of two groups were analyzed and compared. Results The feeding behavior in the study group was worse than that in the control group(χ2=5.14-14.76, P0.05). Conclusions We should guide parents to establish the right and reasonable family care behavior to effectively enhance children's physical fitness and disease resistance and to avoid exposure to infectious agents and harmful substances, reduce the occurrence of Recurrent Lower Respiratory Tract Infections.

Relationship between Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and secondary allergic diseases in children / 第二军医大学学报

Objective We sought to determine the relationship between MP infection and secondary allergic disease and to clarify the associated mechanisms. Methods A prospective study was performed to investigate the patient’ immune status by determining serum cytokines spectrum and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels, and to compare these indicators with sepsis patients and healthy children. Results Comparing with healthy children, children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection Th2 cytokines, such as, IL - 4, IL - 6 and IL - 10 increased significantly. Comparing with healthy children, sepsis patients’ IL - 6 and IL - 10 levels raised significantly, but there was no significant change on IL - 4 level. Only when children infected with mycoplasma pneumoniae, the serum IgE level significantly increased. Conclusion When children with mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, the serum IgE level significantly increased, IL-4 level is the key factor for determining serum IgE levels. ThisSstudySalso shows that Th1/Th2 imbalance happened in the process of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.

Curative effect of nasal irrigation combined with backslapping for sputum suctioning on respiratory tract infections in infants / 现代临床护理

Objective To study the curative effect of nasal irrigation combined with backslapping for sputum suctioning on respiratory tract infections in infants . Methods Two hundred and forty-seven infants with respiratory tract infections were enrolled in the study and divided into the control group and the experiment group by the medical record number . On the basis of routine care , the experiment group was treated with nasal irrigation to clear secretions . Result The time for rales and cough disappearing in the experiment group was shorter than that in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0 . 05 ) . Conclusions Nasal irrigation combined with backslapping for sputum suctioning can effectively ease the main symptoms and signs , enhance the ventilation function , enhance sleep quality and promote the rehabilitation of the disease .

Chemical constituents in root tubers of Euphorbia kansui and their activities / 中草药

Objective: To study the isolation and identification of the chemical constituents in the root tubers of Euphorbia kansui and screen the cytotoxic activity of monomer compounds. Methods: The silica gel column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methodx were used. The structures were identified by the spectrum data analysis (MS, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR); The cytotoxic activity of monomer compounds was determined by MTT method. Results: Nine compounds were identified from the ethyl acetate part, respectively. They were kansuinin B (1), 3-O-(2, 3-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-dodecanoyl-ingenol (2), 5-O-benzoyl-20-deoxyingenol (3), euphol (4), isoscopletin (5), adenosine (6), hydroxytyrosol (7), 2', 4', 7-trihydroxy isoflavone (8), and emodin (9). Among them compound 1 is jatrophane-type diterpene, compounds 2 and 3 are the ingenane-type diterpenes, compound 4 is triterpene compound. Conclusion: Compounds 6-8 are isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1 and 9 have the good inhibition on intestinal epithelial cells ICE-6.

Discussion on professor SHAO Jing-Ming's academic opinion of focusing spirit / 中国针灸

During professor SHAO Jing-ming's academic research and medical practice, his academic opinion of focusing spirit is gradually developed. In terms of nurturing the spirit, attention should be paid on persistence as well as everyday health maintenance and exercise to nurture the spirit of physician. In terms of clinical diagnosis and treatment, patients' psychology, employment and life status should be observed and experienced, which could bring more methods to take essential care of patients' spirit. The treatment should work with psychological counseling, advocating that based on patients' qi and spirit, various forms of treatment methods should be properly used, such as acupuncture or moxibustion or combination of acupuncture and medicine, along with simple acupoint selection and harmony medication. Before clinical treatment of acupuncture, calming the mind is critically emphasized to make a clear diagnosis. During the acupuncture, calming and focusing the mind is necessary as well as emphasizing the details, so acupuncture could be integrated with Chi Gong to create a new warming-sensation technique. In a word, the academic opinion of focusing spirit is shedding an inspiring light upon further study.

Clinical features of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia for children by eviden ce-based medical analysis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the clinical features and curative effect of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) in children of China.Methods Patients' records in China Biological Medicine Database (CBM-disc 1980-2011) and Wan Fang Database were reviewed.The clinical data of the children with newly diagnosed HAAA were respectively studied,including clinical manifestations,blood routine,bone marrow examination and viral serology results,as well as the treatment and clinical effect.Results A total of 50 children were confirmed as HAAA.There were 41 boys and 9 girls.The median age was 8.2 years(range 0.8 to 15.0 years) on diagnosis.The causes of hepatitis could not be identified.The median interval between hepatitis occurrence to blood cell reduction was 10 weeks.Twenty-two cases were diagnosed as severe aplastic anemia and 13 cases as very severe aplastic anemia.Fifteen children died within 1 month after diagnosis.In the immunosuppression treatment group,the percentage of overall responders was 69.2％,which was higher than that of the non-immunosuppression treatment group (18.5％) (x2 =9.920,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Severe HAAA is very common in school children,especially in boys.The children with HAAA have a higher early death rate.Immunosuppression therapy is effective if combined with androgenic hormone with an earlier diagnosis.

Asthma at acute attack stage treated with "Shao's five needling therapy": a multi-central randomized controlled study / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of asthma at acute attack stage treated with "Shao's five needling therapy".</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The randomized controlled method was applied to divide 210 cases into an observation group and a control group, 105 cases in each one. In the observation group, "Shao's five needling therapy" [Feishu (BL 13), Dazhui (GV 14), Fengmen (BL 12)] and the combined therapy were adopted, including oxygen uptake, aerosol inhalation and oral administration of prednisone. In the control group, the oral administration of theophylline sustained release tablet and the combined therapy were applied. The treatment was continued for 7 days. The clinical symptoms and physical signs such as wheezing, cough, expectoration, chest stuffiness, wheezing rale and shortness of breath, as well as lung function indices such as forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the observation group, 69 cases were cured clinically, 20 cases effective remarkably, 7 cases effective and 0 case failed. In the control group, 49 cases were cured clinically, 31 cases effective remarkably, 15 cases effective and 0 case failed. The difference in the efficacy was significant in comparison of the two groups (P < 0.05). The therapeutic effect in the observation group was better than that in the control group. The total score of the symptoms and physical signs, FEV1 and PEF after treatment were all improved significantly in the two groups (all P < 0.01). And the results in the observation group were better than those in the control group (all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>"Shao's five needling therapy" achieves the significant efficacy on asthma at acute attack stage. It significantly relieves the symptoms and physical signs of the patients and improves lung functions. The effect is better than that of theophylline sustained release tablet.</p>

Treatment of childhood aplastic anemia with antithymocyte globulin, management of side effects and long-term follow-up / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) based immunosuppression therapy for childhood aplastic anemia, to reduce the adverse effects and to observe the long-term outcome.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Thirty-five children with aplastic anemia (AA) were enrolled in this study. Six of the cases had very severe AA (VSAA), 11 had severe AA (SAA)-I, 8 had SAA-II and 10 had moderate AA (MAA). All these patients were treated with ATG plus Cyclosporin A (CSA). The following measures were taken during the ATG therapy: infection of the patients had been controlled before ATG treatment. Comprehensive anti-allergic measures were implemented. Close attention was paid to the hemorrhage related with platelet reduction caused by ATG and severe infection of the patients.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Shortly after the ATG usage, all the patients had a significant decrease of absolute peripheral lymphoblast count by more than 60 percent. With a mean follow-up time of 28 months, the total effective rate was 77.14% (27/35), significant response rate was 57.14%(20/35). There was no significant difference among VSAA, SAA and MAA groups in the response rate. Adverse reactions included the following: (1) 48.6% (17/35) patients presented mild anaphylactoid reaction during the first day of ATG treatment; (2) 42.9%(15/35) cases presented serum sickness 5 - 11 days after the last dose of ATG with a mean duration of 3.6 days, all the patients were cured effectively with methylprednisolone; (3) 25.7% (9/35) patient's peripheral blood platelet count was reduced, might be caused by ATG, to below 10 × 10(9)/L, but no patient had severe hemorrhagic complication after platelet transfusion was performed; (4) 22.9%(8/35)of patients got infection within a month after ATG therapy, including 3 cases with clinical septicemia, all the 3 cases recovered after antibiotics treatment. There was no ATG treatment-related death in this series.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ATG is a very effective therapy for children with SAA and MAA. Comprehensive measures are needed to prevent and handle the side effects to avoid treatment-related death. Long-term supportive therapy and proper follow up contribute to the favourable outcomes of the patients.</p>

Diagnosis and treatment of primary retroperitoneal tumor / 第二军医大学学报

Objective:To summarize our experience on the diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary retroperitoneal tumor (PRPT). Methods: The clinical data of 315 patients with primary retroperitoneal tumor (from Jan. 2000 to Jun. 2008) were retrospectively analyzed,and the clinical experience on diagnosis and treatment was summarized. Results: The ratio of benign to malignant tumors in our group was 0. 55 : 1. Totally 294 patients received operation,including 161 cases of radical resection,69 cases of combined resection, and 64 partial palliative resection. Twenty-one patients received no operation. The prognoses of patients who received radical resection for malignant tumors were significantly improved compared with those of patients who received partial palliative resection (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Imaging diagnosis can effectively identify PRPT. Complete resection is the key for treatment of PRPT,and reoperation is an effective treatment for recurrent PRPT.

Professor Shao Jing-ming: a famous expert of acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

Professor SHAO Jing-Ming devotes his life in clinical practices for more than 80 years. He is an eminent specialist acupuncture with abundant clinical experiences. He establishes the unique method of needling of tri-points and penta-needles which achieves significant effectiveness for the treatment of asthma. He has taught for more than 50 years with unique educational method. A great amount of experts appear in the circle of TCM after receiving his unique training. He devotes his life to composing books on acupuncture and moxibustion. He devotes his life and his heart to promoting the development of acupuncture and moxibustion, and makes remarkable contribution in this field.

Study on professor Shao Jing-ming's academic thought / 中国针灸

Professor Shao Jing-ming has been engaged in medicine for over 70 years. He has original academic view in diagnosis of diseases, prescription of combined acupoints, needling manipulation and combination of acupuncture and moxibustion with medication, etc.. He holds that disease should be combined with syndrome, modern medical sciences are used for definite diagnosis of diseases; for acupoint prescriptions, fewer and better acupoints are selected, and treatment of difficult and complicated diseases with back-shu points usually can attain good results; correct application of needling manipulation and Deqi is the key of therapeutic effects; he creates and uses heat-sensation needling manipulation, the method of twirling-inserting needle with finger pressure, injection-type inserting needle method; combination of acupuncture-moxibustion with medicine can increase therapeutic effects. He writes a book Zhongyi Zhiyao of about 300,000 words.