Effect of sodium para-aminosalicylic on concentrations of amino acid neurotransmitters in basal ganglia of manganese-exposed rats / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe the effect of sodium para-aminosalicylate (PAS-Na) on concentration of amino acid neurotransmitters including glutamate (Glu), glutamine (Gln), glycine (Gly) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in basal ganglia of subacute manganese (Mn)-exposed rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into the control, Mn-exposed, low dose PAS-Na (L-PAS) and high dose PAS-Na (H-PAS) groups. Rats in experiment groups received daily intraperitoneally injections of manganese chloride (MnCl₂ · 4H₂O, 15 mg/kg), while rats in control group received daily intraperitoneally injections of normal saline (NS), all at 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Then the rats in PAS groups followed by a daily subcutaneously dose of PAS-Na (100 and 200 mg/kg as the L-PAS and H-PAS groups, respectively) for another 3 and 6 weeks; while the rats in Mn-exposed and control group received NS. The concentrations of Glu, Gln, Gly and GABA in basal ganglia of rat was detected by the high performance liquid chromatography fluorescence detection technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treating with PAS-Na for 3 weeks, the concentration of Gly in the Mn-exposed rats decreased to (0.165 ± 0.022) µmol/L (control = (0.271 ± 0.074) µmol/L, Mn vs control, t = 4.65, P < 0.05). After the further 6-week therapy with PAS-Na, the concentrations of Glu, Gln, Gly in the Mn-exposed rats were lower than those of the control rats ((0.942 ± 0.121), (0.377 ± 0.070), (0.142 ± 0.048), (1.590 ± 0.302), (0.563 ± 0.040), (0.247 ± 0.084) µmol/L; t = 7.72, 5.85, 4.30, P < 0.05); and also lower than in L-PAS and H-PAS groups, whose concentrations were separately (1.268 ± 0.124), (1.465 ± 0.196), (0.497 ± 0.050), (0.514 ± 0.103), (0.219 ± 0.034) µmol/L (L-PAS Glu and Gln vs Mn, t = 3.87, 3.77, P < 0.05; H-PAS Glu, Gln and Gly vs Mn, t = 6.78, 4.70, 3.42, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The toxic effect of manganese on Glu, Gln and Gly in basal ganglia of Mn-exposed rats is obvious, especially appears earlier on Gly. The toxic effect still continues to develop when relieved from the exposure. PAS-Na may play an antagonism role in toxic effect of manganese on concentration of Glu, Gln and Gly in basal ganglia of Mn-exposed rats.</p>

Effects of manganismus on proliferation of neural stem cells in mice's hippocampus / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of manganese poisoning on the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) in mice's hippocampus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mice (weight 8 approximately 10 g) were divided into control group(CG) low-dose group(LDG) middle-dose group(MDG) and high-dose group(HDG)by intraperitoneal injection of 0, 5, 20, 50 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) of manganese chloride dissolved in physiological saline. The ability of learning and memory was detected by Morris Water Maze, and the proliferation of NSCs in subgranular zone (SGZ) in these mice's hippocampus was also detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) Compared with the CG, the ability of learning and memory in all manganism group decreased significantly (P < 0.01) and this phenomenon in HDG was most notable (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the ability of memory was negatively correlated with the dose of manganese chloride (r(s) = -0.598, P < 0.01), but the difference of swimming speed in every group was of no statistic significance. (2) The numbers of NSCs in proliferation period in SGZ of all manganism groups was much lower than that of CG (P < 0.01) negatively correlated with the dose of manganese chloride (r(s) = -0.666, P < 0.01). (3) The reduction of NSCs had a positive correlation to the depression of learning and memory (r(s) = 0.734, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Manganismus can affect the ability of learning and memory, which is probably caused by the inhalation of manganese on NSCs in hippocampus.</p>

Genetic polymorphism of 6 short-tandem repeat loci in Miao minority group of Rongshui county in Guangxi province / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distributions of six short-tandem repeat (STR) loci, namely D7S820, D13S317, D16S539, HUMCSF1PO, HUMTPOX and HUMTH01, in Miao minority group at Rongshui county in Guangxi province and construct the relevant genetic database.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sodium-citrated blood specimens were collected from 208 healthy unrelated Miao individuals in Rongshui county. The DNAs from the specimens were extracted with phenol-chloroform method; AmplFSTR Identifier PCR Amplification Kit was used to amplify the extracted DNAs, and 3100 Genetic Analyzer was used to analyze and screen the amplified products.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In this study, 7, 8, 6, 7, 5, 7 alleles were observed at the 6 STR loci respectively. The expected distribution of genotype accorded with Hardy-Weinbery equilibrium. The total discrimination power, cumulative paternity exclusion power and total polymorphism information were 0.999995, 0.9959 and 0.9987 respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results demonstrate that these 6 STR loci are of high polymorphism and hereditary stability and are in accord with Mendel's law. The data obtained are valuable in population genetics research, forensic application, and individual identifications.</p>