ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the relationship between tube voltage kV value for head and neck CT angiography and body weight.Methods:A total of 120 patients with suspected vascular disease of the head and neck who underwent CT angiography of the head and neck in Beihai People's Hospital from January 2020 to May 2022 were included in this study. Patients were divided into three groups according to different tube voltages: group A (tube voltage 120 kV, n = 45), group B (tube voltage 100 kV, n = 45) and group C (tube voltage 80 kV, n = 30). Patients in group A were divided into group A1 (< 70 kg, n = 15), group A2 (70-85 kg, n = 15) and group A3 (> 85 kg, n = 15) according to different body weights. Patients in group B were divided into group B1 (< 70 kg, n = 15), group B2 (70-85 kg, n = 15) and group B3 (> 85 kg, n = 15) according to different body weights. Patients in group C were divided into group C1 (< 70 kg, n = 15) and group C2 (70-85 kg, n = 15) according to different body weights. Group C3 was not used. The contrast medium used was Loversol. The CT value, image noise, signal-to-noise ratio, contrast to noise ratio, and effective radiation dose of arterial vessels in each group were measured. The images were subjectively evaluated by two physicians who had senior professional titles using a 5-point rating scale. Results:Subjective score of image quality was all ≥ 3 grade in each group. There was no significant difference in image quality rating between groups A1 and A2 and groups B1, B2, and C1. There was a remarkable difference in image quality rating between groups A3, B3, and C2 and the other groups. There was a significant difference in the CT value of blood vessels at four different levels between groups A1, B1 and C1 ( F = 76.82, 64.62, 98.79, 71.85, all P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in CT value of blood vessels at four different levels between groups A2, B2 and C2 ( F = 159.82, 112.33, 108.22, 135.18, all P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in CT value of blood vessels at four different levels between groups A3 and B3 ( t = 4.40, 4.27, 3.91, 3.59, all P < 0.05). In groups B3 and C2, the image noise was remarkably increased, signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio were remarkably decreased compared with those in the other groups. The effective radiation dose of arterial vessels in group B1 was 47% lower than that in group A1 and the effective radiation dose of arterial vessels in group C1 was 73% lower than that in group A1 ( F = 116.18, P < 0.001). The effective radiation dose of arterial vessels in group B2 was 49% lower than that in group A2, and the effective radiation dose of arterial vessels in group C2 was 66% lower than that in group A2 ( H = 35.40, P < 0.001). The effective radiation dose in group B3 was 35% lower than that in group A3 ( t = 3.59, P < 0.05). Conclusion:In CT angiography of the head and neck, the selection of tube voltage kV value is related to body weight. Tube voltage 80 kV is suitable for patients with a body weight < 70 kg, tube voltage 100 kV for patients with a body weight of 70-85 kg, and tube voltage 120 kV for patients with a body weight > 85 kg. These tube voltages can decrease effective radiation dose and ensure image quality, meeting the requirement for clinical diagnosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with imported corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Beijing City.Methods:A case-control study was performed to retrospectively analyze 69 cases of imported COVID-19 from abroad and 147 cases of domestic confirmed COVID-19 from China as a control group from January 20 to March 20, 2020 admitted to Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University.The epidemiological and clinical characteristics were compared.Statistical analysis were performed by t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test and Fisher exact test. Results:The main sources of the cases in the import group were from the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain and other European countries, with 44.9%(31/69) of the overseas students entering the country by air. The age of the imported group (27(21, 40) years) was lower than the domestic group (43 (32, 59)years), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( U=2 828.500, P<0.01). Compared with the domestic group, the proportion of cases with contact history of confirmed cases in the imported group was lower (30.4%(21/69) vs 68.0%(100/147)), the interval between onset and admission ≤seven days was higher (81.2%(56/69) vs 66.0%(97/147)), the proportion of cases with underlying diseases was lower (21.7%(15/69) vs 44.2%(65/147)). The differences between the two groups were all statistically significant ( χ2=26.935, 5.233 and 10.175, respectively, all P<0.05). The proportion of mild cases in the imported group was higher than that in the domestic group (42.0%(29/69) vs 10.9%(16/147)). Seventeen cases with olfactory abnormality and 12 cases with taste abnormality were found in the imported group, while no olfactory and taste abnormality was found in the domestic group. The proportions of fever, weakness, muscle soreness and dyspnea were all lower than those of the domestic group, the differences between the two groups were all statistically significant ( χ2=13.851, 8.118, 9.730 and 16.255, respectively, all P<0.01). The proportions of cases with decreased lymphocyte absolute numbers (37.7%(26/69) vs 67.3%(99/147)) and increased C reactive protein level (15.9%(11/69) vs 51.8%(72/139)) were both lower than the domestic group, and the differences between the two groups were both statistically significant ( χ2=18.015 and 24.722, respectively, both P<0.01). The proportions of cases with ground glass shadow and consolidation of chest computed tomography were lower than those of the domestic group and the differences between the two groups were all statistically significant ( χ2=11.961 and 5.099, respectively, all P<0.05). In terms of complications, the proportions of cases with acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute myocardial injury were lower (2.9%(2/69) vs 10.9%(16/147) and 4.3%(3/69) vs 14.0%(16/114), respectively), and there were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=4.017 and 4.335, respectively, both P<0.05). There were no cases received mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in the imported group, and the proportions of patients received oxygen therapy and antibiotic treatment were significantly lower than those in the domestic group (13.0%(9/69) vs 26.5%(39/147) and 13.0%(9/69) vs 39.5%(58/147), respectively) and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( χ2=4.942 and 15.797, respectively, both P<0.05). Conclusions:The majority of imported COVID-19 cases are mainly from European countries, mostly young and middle-aged, and mostly mild and ordinary types.The symptoms of olfactory and taste abnormality are found for the first time.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of alcohol extract of Toddalia asiatica on the inflammation-associated cytokines of model rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA). METHODS:70 SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group,a model con-trol group,a positive control chemical medicine group(Leflunomide tablets,0.012 g/kg),a positive control TCM group(Tripter-ygium glycosides tablets,0.012 g/kg)and the groups of low,medium and high-dose [1,4,6 g(crude drug)/kg] alcohol extract of T. asiatica,with 10 rats in each group. The rats in all groups except for the normal control group were given complete Freund’s complete adjuvant id for the establishment of AA models. At the same time,the rats in the drug administration groups were given corresponding drugs ig,while those in the normal control group and the model control group were given isometric normal saline ig,twice a day,for 28 consecutive days. The degree of toe swelling,arthritis index and the levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6, IL-10,tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in serum and synovial membranes of all groups of rats were determined. RESULTS:Compared to the normal control group,the model control group demonstrated higher degree of primary and secondary toe swelling,arthritis index and levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand PGE2 in serum and joint synovial membrane,and low-er level of IL-10 therein(P<0.01). Compared to the model control group,all the above-mentioned indexes of the rats in drug ad-ministration groups significantly improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The alcohol extract of T. asiatica. has a preven-tive and therapeutic effect on the model rats with AA by regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cyto-kines in serum and synovial membrane.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of β-Elemene on the apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells; To discuss its mechanism of action. Methods β-Elemene (10, 20, 40, 80, 160 μg/mL) were incubated to the Panc-1 cells in vitro cultured for 24 h, 48 h and 72h, and trypan blue refusal method was used to detect cell inhibition rate;Apoptosis rate was measured by TUNEL; Hoechst33258 fluorescent staining was used to observe the changes of the nucleus. The activity of Caspase-3, 8 and 9 were detected by ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Fas, FasL and Cyt c and AIF. Results The activity of Panc-1 cells was obviously inhibited time/concentration dependent inhibition (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the apoptosis rate increased after incubated with β-Elemene (P<0.01, P<0.001) after incubated with β-Elemene for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h; After giving β-Elemene 72 h, Panc-1 cells nucleus were broken obviously, and chromatin condensed and showed strong blue fluorescence, along with of apoptotic bodies; After incubated with β-Elemene for 48 h, Caspase-3, 8 and 9 activity significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01); protein expressions of Fas, FasL, Cyt c and AIF were significantly enhanced (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001). Conclusion β-Elemene can inhibit Panc-1 cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and the mechanism may be related to activating cell death receptor pathway and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway to play anti-tumor effects.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the effect of Changankang Capsule (Radix Astragali, Rhizoma Coptidis, Flos Lonicerae, etc.) on acute inflammation and immune function in mice. METHODS:Swelling ears induced dimethylbenzene and capillary vessel increase permeability induced by acetic acid, 2,4 diniitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) was adoptedas mouse model. extent of swelling ears, lymphocyte proliferation and the Tumor necrosis factor ? and interleukin 1 ? in serum were observed. RESULTS:Changankang had significantly anti inflammation in mouse's acute inflammatory model and could inhibit swelling ears and lymphocyte proliferation, decreased the level of TNF ?, but made little iufluence on IL 1? change. CONCLUSION:Changankang Capsule has the effect on anti inflammation and inhibitory effect on the DTH. Its action mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the production of TNF ?.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To study the action of Shugan Pills (SHGP) (Fructus Toosendan, Rhizoma corydalis, Radix Paloniae Albe, Radix Aucklandiae, Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, Fructus Aurantii, etc.) on treatment of epigastralgia. METHODS: The analgesic effect was tested by the hot plate test and writhing method. The anti gastric ulcer action of SHGP was observed on the gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. The effect on gastric secretion in rats was studied with pylorus ligation. The effect on gastrointestinal motility was observed by determination of gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion ability in mouse. RESULTS: SHGP enhanced hot pain threhshold and decreased the number of twisting body in mouse. SHGP markedly inhibited gastric ulcer induced by water immersion stress, reserpine and absolute ethyl alcohol. SHGP significantly inhibited the secretion of gastric acid and pepsin and promoted the secretion of gastric mucus. SHGP markedly delayed gastric emptying in normal mouse and when gastric emptying and small intestinal propulsion was stimulated by neostigmine. SHGP faintly strengthed the effect of atropine on inhibition of gastrointestinal motility. CONCLUSION: Shugan Pills could have analgesic effect, anti gastric ulcer action, it inhibited the secrection of gastric juice and the activity of gastric smooth muscle. These effects might be the pharmacological mechanisms of SHGP on treatment of epigastralgia.
ABSTRACT
AIM:To explore the effect of Xiangshahewei Pill(Radix Aucklandiae,Rhizoma Cyperi,Fructus Amomi,etc.)on secretion in anorectic rat model induced by Fenfluramine.METHODS:Anorectic rat model was induced by Fenfluramine in dose of 15 mg/kg for 8 days.Xiangshahewei Pill was administered orally to the rats also for 8 days.The volume of gastric juice,total gastric acid,mucus,acidity of gastric acid and activity of pepsin of rats were measured.RESULTS:Xiangshahewei Pill could improve the turbulence of gastric secretion in anorectic rat induced by Fenfluramine.Xiangshahewei Pill in dose of 0.75 g/kg(P
ABSTRACT
AIM: To observe the effect of Chang'ankang Capsule (Radix Astragali, Rhizoma loptidis, Flos Lonicerae, etc.) on rat's colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) and investigate its mechanism. METHODS: The rat's colitis was induced by TNBS and ethanol, one week later the rats were given the medicine for 14 days. The 21st day the mucosal damage index (CMDI) and histopathology (HP) of the colon were observed. Meanwhile the level of myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric oxide (NO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), maiondiadehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) were detected. RESULTS: CMDI and HP, biochemistry in model rats showed that the models were successful. Chang'ankang groups significantly alleviated CMDI, HP, and improved the high level of MPO, NO and MDA, promoted the content of SOD, GSH-PX, CAT. CONCLUSION: Treatment with Chang'ankang shows beneficial effects on rat's ulcerative colitis by alleviating damage of free radical and NO and leukocyte.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacological action of Qiweikaixin Granules.METHODS:Brain injured-olfac?tory bulb damage type was adopted,and the rats were divided into normal control group,pseudo-operation group,model group,hydrochloric acid clomipramine group and Qiweikaixin Granules(high,moderate,mild dosage)group,the behaviors of each group was observed,the contents of adrenocorticotrophic hormone corticotrophin(ACTH)and cortisol(COR)in plasma were also observed.RESULTS:In both the open field test and the heliophobic test,the behaviors of the model group had obvious changes;both the Qiweikaixin Granule group and the hydrochloric acid clomipramine group significantly resisted the change of behaviors of rats;the contents of ACTH and COR in the plasma of the model rats group increased significantly(P