The role of iron-uptake factor PiuB in pathogenicity of soybean pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines / 生物工程学报

Iron is an essential element for living organisms that plays critical roles in the process of bacterial growth and metabolism. However, it remains to be elucidated whether piuB encoding iron-uptake factor is involved in iron uptake and pathogenicity of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag). To investigate the function of piuB, we firstly generated a piuB deletion mutant (ΔpiuB) by homologous recombination. Compared with the wild-type, the piuB mutant exhibited significantly reduced growth and virulence in host soybean. The mutant displayed markedly increased siderophore secretory volume, and its sensitivity to Fe3+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Mn2+ was significantly enhanced. Additionally, the H2O2 resistance, exopolysaccharide yield, biofilm formation, and cell mobility of ΔpiuB were significantly diminished compared to that of the wild-type. The addition of exogenous Fe3+ cannot effectively restore the above characteristics of ΔpiuB. However, expressing piuB in trans rescued the properties lost by ΔpiuB to the levels in the wild-type. Taken together, our results demonstrated that PiuB is a potential factor for Xag to assimilate Fe3+, and is necessary for Xag to be pathogenic in host soybean.

Identification, expression and protein interaction analysis of Aux/IAA and ARF gene family in Senna tora L / 药学学报

The early response of plant auxin gene family Aux/IAA (auxin/indole-3-acetic acid) and its interaction with auxin response factor (ARF) are important pattern to regulate plant growth and development. This work identified 28 StoIAA and 24 StoARF members based on the whole genome data of the medicinal plant Senna tora L., which were classified into 10 and 8 subfamilies, respectively. Phylogenetic tree and collinearity analysis showed that S. tora has close evolutionary relationship with the IAA and ARF homologous genes of Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, and the segment duplication events dominate the expansion of StoIAA and StoARF. Gene structure analysis showed that the vast majority of StoIAA and StoARF contain characteristic conserved domain. Transcriptome data showed that StoIAAs and StoARFs were expressed in leaves, roots and seeds, some members had tissue specific expression. The StoIAA and StoARF promoter region most contain functional elements related to stress response, growth and development, hormone induction and secondary metabolism. In addition, gene expression analysis showed that many StoIAAs and StoARFs can quickly respond to drought and salt stress and exhibited same expression patterns under both stress condition. The yeast two-hybrid experiment confirmed that StoARF8 and StoARF10 exhibit varying degrees of interaction with multiple StoIAA proteins, respectively. The above results provide a basis for further biological functional analysis of the Aux/IAA and ARF gene family of S. tora.

Effect of LncRNA p21 regulating Hippo-YAP signaling pathway on formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of long non- coding RNA p21 (LncRNA p21) regulating Hippo- Yes-associated protein (Hippo-YAP) signaling pathway on the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in mice. Methods C57BL/6 ApoE

Changes of axial length in primary and secondary school students in Yunnan and associated factors / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the pattern of change of axial length/curvatrue radius ratio (AL/CR) and associated factors in primary and secondary school students in Yunnan, so as to provide scientific basis and prospective guidance for early myopia intervention and control.@*Methods@#A total of 685 students from grades 2 to 3 and grade 7 in 2 cities/counties in Yunnan Province were selected by multi stage stratified random cluster sampling method in 2020. All the participants were followed up twice with questionnaire of myopia related factors, uncorrected distance visual acuity, and refractive parameter measurement from October,2021 and March,2023,respectivelty. The distribution and change of AL/CR in different classes and groups were analyzed, and the influencing factos of AL/CR cumulative progression were explored using generalized linear model.@*Results@#AL/CR ratio in primary school students was (2.95±0.09) at baseline, increased to (2.99±0.11) at the first follow up and (3.04±0.12) at the second follow up. AL/CR ratio in middle school students(3.08±0.13) at baseline, increased to (3.12±0.15) at the first follow up and (3.15±0.14) at the second follow up. The generalized linear model showed that after controlling for environmental factors, ethnicity ( β =-0.017) , cumulative progression of the SE ( β =-0.027) influenced the changes of AL/CR ratio among the primary school students, whereas the changes of AL/CR ratio were associated with baseline AL ( β =-0.005), baseline corneal curvatrue radius ( β =0.032) and cumulative progression of SE( β =-0.035) among middle school students ( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The AL/CR ratio of primary and secondary school students in Yunnan can be used to judge different refractive status types, but its variation is not only related to SE progression, but also affected by different ethnic groups and baseline ocular biological parameters. so the value of AL/CR application in assessing the progression of myopia needs to be further confirmed.

Vector analysis of toric implantable collamer lens V4c implantation in correcting moderate to high myopia with high astigmatism / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the clinical effect of toric implantable collamer lens(TICL)V4c for correcting moderate to high myopia with high astigmatism using vector analysis and quality of life impact of refractive correction(QIRC).METHODS: Retrospective case series. A total of 55 patients(90 eyes)with moderate to high myopia and high astigmatism who received TICL V4c implantation in the refraction surgery center of ophthalmology department in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 were collected. Followed-up for 1 a, the uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA), best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and diopters were observed. Alpins vector analysis was used to evaluate the effect of astigmatism correction, and QIRC scale was used to evaluate patients' quality of life.RESULTS: At 1 a postoperatively, the UDVA of 98% eyes was the same or better than pre-operative BCVA, the safety index was 1.11±0.14, and the efficacy index was 1.11±0.15. The angle of error of 97% of the astigmatic eyes was within ±15°. The results of vector analysis showed that correction index was 0.83±0.13, angle of error was 1.00±4.49°, and index of success was 0.21±0.15. The total higher order aberrations under a pupil diameter of 6 mm was significantly increased compared with preoperatively(P&#x003C;0.05), the QIRC score was significantly better than that before surgery(P&#x003C;0.001), and the increase of total QIRC scores was positively correlated with preoperative spherical equivalent(rs=0.215, P&#x003C;0.05), indicating that the higher degree of myopia before surgery the patients, the better the quality of life after TICL implantation.CONCLUSION: TICL V4c implantation for the correction of moderate to high myopia with high astigmatism is safe and effective, and the patients' quality of life significantly improved after surgery.

Investigation and analysis of pharmaceutical management in compact medical consortium of Guangdong province / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the current situation of pharmaceutical management in compact medical consortium of Guangdong province， and to provide decision-making basis for promoting the high-quality construction and sustainable development of the provincial medical consortium. METHODS A self-designed questionnaire was used to select 50 compact medical consortiums in Guangdong province. The survey was answered by the heads of the pharmacy department of the general hospitals. The survey covered the basic scale of the consortium， the appointment of chief pharmacists， the implementation of pharmaceutical management and pharmaceutical care homogenization within the consortium， the difficulties in promoting the homogenization， and the expected provincial support. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the survey results. RESULTS A total of 50 questionnaires were collected， and the effective recovery rate was 100%. There were 16 chief pharmacists （32.00%） in charge of the pharmacy department of the general hospital in the medical consortium. Thirty-seven medical consortiums （74.00%） had established a drug supply support system within the consortium， 35 medical consortiums （70.00%） had carried out pharmaceutical management and coordination work within the medical consortium， 23 medical consortiums （46.00%） had established a clinical medication guidance system， 25 medical consortiums chenwenying2016@163.com （50.00%） had established a bidirectional communication mechanism， and only 8 medical consortiums （16.00%） had developed new models of pharmaceutical care. At present， the difficulties in promoting the homogenization of pharmaceutical management and pharmaceutical care within the medical consortium were mainly found in three aspects： the wide gap in management level of each member unit， the lack and uneven level of pharmaceutical personnel， and insufficient policy support and implementation. Most medical consortiums hoped that relevant departments could promote the homogenization of pharmaceutical work by holding special training courses or special supervision. CONCLUSIONS At present， the compact medical consortium in Guangdong province has achieved initial results in the implementation of the chief pharmacist system， the homogenization of pharmaceutical management and pharmaceutical care. However， it is still necessary to improve the coverage of chief pharmacist appointments in the medical consortium， implement the homogenization of pharmaceutical management， and accelerate the homogenization process of pharmaceutical care.

Discriminante analysis of risk factors Nomograms of myopia in children and adolescents in Yunnan Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the related factors of myopia among children and adolescents in Yunnan Province, and to predict and evaluate the influencing factors, so as to provide a scientific theoretical basis for the prevention and control of myopia.@*Methods@#From March 9 to 14, 2023, 848 students from 6 primary and secondary schools in Dali and Lijiang of Yunnan Province were selected by multi stage stratified random cluster sampling method for visual acuity detection and questionnaire survey on myopia related factors. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to establish a Nomogram prediction model for the selected influencing factors.@*Results@#The overall myopia rate of the respondents was 68.3%, the myopia rate of boys (63.4%) was lower than that of girls (72.9%), and the myopia rate of primary school students (46.7%) was lower than that of junior high school students (81.1%), and the difference was statistically significant（ χ 2=8.71, 108.07, P <0.05). Daily eye exercises, activities outside the teaching building during recess, having daily sleep time of 7-9 and >9 h, having both parents without myopia were negatively correlated with the occurrence of myopia in children and adolescents in Yunnan Province ( OR=0.64, 0.63, 0.56, 0.28, 0.48, P < 0.05 ). The reading and writing time after school ≥3 h per day and parents unrestricted time to play video games were positively correlated with myopia ( OR=1.94, 1.78, P <0.05). Based on the influencing factors, a Nomogram prediction model was established to quantitatively evaluate the risk of myopia. The results showed that greater risk for myopia was associated with sleep duration, parental history of myopia, and the time spent reading and writing after school every day.@*Conclusion@#Both genetic factors and environmental factors are related to myopia in children and adolescents. The prediction model of nomogram is beneficial for screening high risk factors of myopia and taking corresponding prevention and treatment measures.

Effect of metformin on the polarization status of microglia and photoreceptor cells activity in a high glucose environment / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of metformin on the polarization state and photoreceptor cell activity of microglia (BV2 cells) in a high glucose environment.Methods:An experimental study. BV2 cells were divided into a control group, a high glucose group, and a metformin+high glucose group. The cells in the high glucose group were cultured with 75 mmol/L glucose in the medium; the cells in the metformin+high glucose group were pretreated with 2 mmol/L metformin for 12 h and then placed in 75 mmo/L glucose concentration medium. The relative expression of M1 marker inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), CD86 and M2 markers arginase 1 (Arg-1), and CD206 protein were detected by Western blot. Interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-4 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). BV2 cells were co-cultured with mouse retinal photoreceptor cells (661W cells) for 24 h. The proliferation rate of 661W cells in each group was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric assay; the apoptosis rate of 661W cells in each group was measured by flow cytometry and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL). An independent sample t-test was used for comparison between groups. Results:Western blot assay showed that the relative expression of iNOS and CD86 protein was increased and the relative expression of Arg-1 and CD206 protein was decreased in BV2 cells in the high glucose group compared with the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=-16.783, -11.605, 4.325, 4.649; P<0.05); compared with the high glucose group, the relative expression of iNOS and CD86 protein was decreased and the relative expression of Arg-1 and CD206 protein was increased in BV2 cells in the metformin + high glucose group compared with the high glucose group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=7.231, 5.560, -8.035, -8.824; P<0.01). ELISA results showed that compared with the control group, the BV2 cells in the high glucose group had increased IL-6, TNF-α content and IL-4 content was decreased in BV2 cells in the high glucose group compared with the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=-64.312, -127.147, 71.547; P<0.001); compared with the high glucose group, IL-6 and TNF-α content was significantly decreased and IL-4 content was significantly increased in BV2 cells in the metformin+high glucose group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=44.426, 83.232,-143.115; P<0.001). After co-culture of BV2 cells with 661W cells for 24 h, the results of MTT colorimetric assay showed that compared with the control group, the activity of 661W cells in the high glucose group was significantly reduced, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=7.456, P<0.01); compared with the high glucose group, the activity of 661W cells in the metformin+high glucose group was increased ( t=-3.076, P<0.05). TUNEL method and flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis rate of 661W cells in the high glucose group was significantly higher compared with the control group, and the differences were both statistically significant ( t=-22.248, -22.628; P<0.001); compared with the high glucose group, the apoptosis rate of 661W cells in the metformin+high glucose group was significantly decreased, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=11.767, 6.906; P<0.001, 0.01). Conclusion:In the high glucose environment, metformin inhibited the inflammatory response and attenuated the apoptosis of photoreceptor cells by regulating the polarization of microglia toward the M2 type.

Application of the "three-in-one" bone repair strategy in the treatment of osteoporotic fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Osteoporotic fractures secondary to osteoporosis increase very rapidly in incidence, and have become a major cause of disability and mortality in the elderly population. Currently, there have no standard guidelines for perioperative management, surgery and postoperative rehabilitation, causing multiple complications and poor therapeutic outcome. The authors previously proposed bone repair strategies including active anti-osteoporosis, adequate bone grafting and bone healing acceleration, namely "three-in-one" bone repair strategy. The care steps in osteoporotic fracture surgery inluded perioperative management, operative precaution, and postoperative prevention of secondary fractures. With this in mind, the authors further discussed the detailed application of "three-in-one" bone repair strategy including perioperative active anti-osteoporosis treatment, early rehabilitation training, standardized internal fixation selection, standard bone grafting methods and prevention of secondary complications, so as to promote the standardized treatment of osteoporotic fractures and improve the prognosis.

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly (version 2023) / 中华创伤杂志

Periarticular fracture of the shoulder is a common type of fractures in the elderly. Postoperative adverse events such as internal fixation failure, humeral head ischemic necrosis and upper limb dysfunction occur frequently, which seriously endangers the exercise and health of the elderly. Compared with the fracture with normal bone mass, the osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder is complicated with slow healing and poor rehabilitation, so the clinical management becomes more difficult. At present, there is no targeted guideline or consensus for this type of fracture in China. In such context, experts from Youth Osteoporosis Group of Chinese Orthopedic Association, Orthopedic Expert Committee of Geriatrics Branch of Chinese Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Osteoporosis Group of Youth Committee of Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons and Osteoporosis Committee of Shanghai Association of Chinese Integrative Medicine developed the Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder in the elderly ( version 2023). Nine recommendations were put forward from the aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies and rehabilitation of osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder, hoping to promote the standardized, systematic and personalized diagnosis and treatment concept and improve functional outcomes and quality of life in elderly patients with osteoporotic periarticular fracture of the shoulder.

Diagnosis and treatment of 15 cases with hepatic cystic echinococcosis / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of hepatic cystic echinococcosis by analyzing the clinical characteristics of these patients.Methods:Clinical data of 15 patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis hospitalized in the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from April 22, 2019 to March 5, 2022 were collected. The general data, clinical manifestations, abdominal imaging results, treatment and outcome of the included patients were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The age of 15 patients with hepatic cystic echinococcosis ranged from 39 to 78 years, with a median age of 51 years. Among the 15 patients, 12 were farmers, two were freelance workers, and one was unknown. Eleven patients presented with abdominal pain and fatigue, one patient presented with obstructive jaundice, and three patients whom were found by physical examination did not complain of obvious discomfort. Echinococcoid cysts were located at the right lobe of the liver in eight patients, at the left lobe of the liver in five patients, and with multiple lesions in the left and right lobes of the liver in two patients. Two patients received conservative therapy. All the 13 patients who received surgical treatment recovered without complications, such as biliary fistula and subphrenic infection. The clinical symptoms including abdominal pain and fatigue were relieved significantly after surgery. The hospital stay were four to 23 days. All patients were administrated with albendazole (400 mg once daily).Conclusions:Hepatic cystic echinococcosis is more common in the right lobe of the liver, with atypical clinical symptoms. Preoperative imaging diagnosis and postoperative pathological examination are necessary for diagnosis. Surgery is the most effective treatment at present, and albendazole should be taken regularly in all patients.

Comparison of detection rates and time costs of different fundus imaging techniques for retinal neovascularization in optic disc and other area of proliferative diabetic retinopathy / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To compare the detection rate and time cost of different imaging methods for retinal and optic disc neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Thirty-eight patients (48 eyes) with PDR were enrolled in Henan Eye Hospital from October 2019 to February 2021, including 22 males (28 eyes) and 16 females (20 eyes). The average age of the patients was (51.08±13.35) years.All patients underwent ultra-widefield imaging (UWFI), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), en face optical coherence tomography (OCT), near-infrared fundus imaging (IR) combined with spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT). Wide field swept-source OCTA (WF-SS-OCTA) was performed in the patients who were unsuitable for FFA.The time required for each examination in one eye and the detection rate of neovascularization at the optic disc (NVD) and retinal neovascularization elsewhere (NVE) were recorded.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECKY-2021[22]). All patients were informed about the method and purpose of the study and voluntarily signed the informed consent form.Results:The mean monocular examination time costs of UWFI, IR+ SD-OCT, OCTA+ en face OCT, FFA and WF-SS-OCT was (0.51±0.13), (2.08±0.57), (5.79±0.68), (17.66±1.83) and (13.38±1.23)min, respectively.There was a significant overall difference in the mean monocular examination time among the five methods ( F=2 077.960, P<0.001). The detection rates of UWFI, IR+ SD-OCT, OCTA+ en face OCT, FFA+ WF-SS-OCT for NVE and NVD were 52.1%(25/48) and 12.5%(6/48), 81.3%(39/48) and 20.8%(10/48), 83.3%(40/48) and 27.1%(13/48), 93.8%(45/48) and 29.2%(14/48), respectively.There were significant differences in the detection rates of NVE ( χ2=26.460, P<0.001) but not in the detection rates of NVD ( χ2=4.645, P=0.200) among the various methods.Five neovascular buds were detected by OCTA in 3 eyes, but not by FFA. Conclusions:UWFI and IR+ SD-OCT are faster and non-invasive methods for the screening of NVD and NVE in PDR eyes.Compared with FFA, OCTA and en face OCT can show the shape of neovascularization more clearly.FFA provides a wide-range retinal image, but it is time-consuming and invasive.WF-SS-OCTA extends the examination range of OCTA and detects neovascularization non-invasively and faster than FFA.

PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a real-world study / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Management and treatment of terminal metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains heavily debated. We sought to investigate the efficacy of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor plus anlotinib as a potential solution for terminal mCRPC and further evaluate the association of genomic characteristics with efficacy outcomes. We conducted a retrospective real-world study of 25 mCRPC patients who received PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib after the progression to standard treatments. The clinical information was extracted from the electronic medical records and 22 patients had targeted circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) next-generation sequencing. Statistical analysis showed that 6 (24.0%) patients experienced prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response and 11 (44.0%) patients experienced PSA reduction. The relationship between ctDNA findings and outcomes was also analyzed. DNA-damage repair (DDR) pathways and homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway defects indicated a comparatively longer PSA-progression-free survival (PSA-PFS; 2.5 months vs 1.2 months, P = 0.027; 3.3 months vs 1.2 months, P = 0.017; respectively). This study introduces the PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib as a late-line therapeutic strategy for terminal mCRPC. PD-1 inhibitor plus anlotinib may be a new treatment choice for terminal mCRPC patients with DDR or HRR pathway defects and requires further investigation.

Predictive value of three kinds of thrombosis risk assessment scale for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after hip fracture in elderly patients / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore predictive value of Caprini score, Wells score and Autar score for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after hip fracture in elderly patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 310 elderly patients with hip fracture were selected from January 2018 to September 2022. According to the lower extremity color ultrasound examination results, 155 patients with DVT were divided into thrombosis group, included 42 males and 113 females, aged from 60 to 101 years old with an average of (80.58±8.84) years old; and 155 patients without DVT were divided into control group, included 58 males and 97 females, aged from 60 to 94 years old with an average of (79.01±8.99) years old. Caprini score, Wells score and Autar score immediately after admission were collected and compared between two groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate predictive value of three thrombus risk assessment tables for DVT after hip fracture in elderly patients.@*RESULTS@#Caprini score, Wells score and Autar score in thrombus group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis results showed that the best cut-off value of Caprini score was 8.5 points, the sensitivity was 46.5%, the specificity was 99.4%, and area under the curve(AUC) was 0.763. The best cut-off value of Wells score was 1.5, the sensitivity was 100%, the specificity was 99.4%, and AUC was 0.998. The best cut-off value of Autar score was 10.5 points, the sensitivity was 58.1%, the specificity was 84.5%, and AUC was 0.717.@*CONCLUSION@#Caprini scale, Wells scale and Autar scale all have good predictive efficacy for the risk of DVT in elderly patients with hip fracture, and could provide an important reference for clinical guidance for prevention, management and treatment of DVT after hip fracture in elderly patients, among which Wells scale has a higher predictive value.

Genome-wide identification of GSK gene family in Senna tora L. and expression analyses / 药学学报

Glycogen synthase kinase 3/SHAGGY-like kinase (GSK3) proteins play important roles in regulating plant growth, development, and stress response. In order to reveal the characteristics of GSK family members in the medicinal plant Senna tora L., in this study, we conducted the identification and expression analyses of GSKs in S. tora based on its whole genome data, combined with bioinformatics and gene expression research methods. The results showed that a total of nine S. tora GSK genes were identified, all of which contained the GSK characteristic kinase domains. All members were distributed on six chromosomes, the encoding amino acid length ranged from 465 to 943 aa, the protein molecular weight was from 33.57 to 88.83 kDa, and the average isoelectric point was 8.2. The StoSKs were divided into four evolutionary branches, and the StoSKs in the same evolutionary branch shared the same exon/intron structure and conserved motifs. The expansion of the StoSKs gene family was mainly due to segment duplication events, and there were 17, 11, 8 and 7 pairs of collinear genes with Glycine max, Medicago truncatula, Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa, respectively. The promoter regions of StoSKs mostly contained responses elements related to stress stimulation, growth and development, and hormone induction. Transcriptome data analysis showed that StoSKs were expressed in different tissues, with the highest expression level in roots. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that StoSKs in different evolutionary branches displayed a synergistic expression pattern response to light, and most of StoSKs could rapidly respond to NaCl stress with significantly up-regulated expression. All the results provide a basis for further analysis of the biological functions of the GSKs gene family in S. tora.

Mechanism of Wumeiwan in Treatment of Emotional Disorders Based on Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Wumeiwan are recorded in the Jueyin chapter of Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases （《伤寒杂病论》）， and many doctors in the past dynasties believed that they had the effects of calming intestinal ascarid by warming Zang organs. The clinical application was limited. Since KE Qin， a doctor in the Qing dynasty， proposed that Wumeiwan were the primary prescription against Jueyin diseases， Wumeiwan have been valued by doctors， and their clinical application has also been expanded. The syndrome indicated for Wumeiwan is attributed， not only to the ascarid internal harassment， but to the abnormal Qi movement of wind and wood in Jueyin and the dysfunction of Yin and Yang. According to the functions of six meridians based on the theory of "open-close axis" in Huangdi's Internal Classic （《黄帝内经》） and the original texts of Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases， Yinshu refers to Jueyin. Wumeiwan， the primary prescription against Jueyin diseases， have the function of connecting Yin and Yang， and they can treat diseases caused by Qi disturbance of Jueyin and cold and heat in complexity. Sharing the same resource， the Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life： The Essential Method of Using Herbal Medicine for the Differential Treatment of the Five Zang Organs （《辅行诀五脏用药法要》） and Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases both consult Models of the Classic of Decoction （《汤液经方》）. The formulation rules of tonic/purgative and collapse-saving prescriptions in Secrets for Auxiliary Cultivation Life follow the recorded "Tang Ye Jing Fa Tu" （an image revealing the compatibility principles of Chinese herbal drugs） and are closely related to the five elements theory. By exploring the formulation rules in "Tang Ye Jing Fa Tu" and the five elements of drugs， this study analyzed Wumeiwan and proved that Wumeiwan mainly acted on the liver， spleen， and heart. According to the Five Zang-organs Storing Spirit theory from Huangdi's Internal Classic， the above three organs are closely related to emotional adjustment. Therefore， the treatment of emotional disorders caused by qi disturbance of Jueyin and cold and heat in complexity with Wumeiwan is supported by evidence. At the end of this article， the reports on the treatment of emotional disorders with Wumeiwan in recent years were listed and reviewed. This article provides new ideas for the clinical application of Wumeiwan in the treatment of emotional disorders and expands the application range.

Analysis of Tumor Immune Microenvironment Based on Bulk RNA-sequencing Data and Its Application / 肿瘤防治研究

Cancer immunotherapy is one of the most promising biological therapies. The dynamic changes of the immune microenvironment of heterogeneous tumors are critical factors in determining the interaction and therapeutic efficacy between tumor and immune microenvironment. Therefore, quantitative analysis of its constituent cells, related genes, and phenotypes in real time is of great importance. The methods used to analyze tumor immune microenvironment include immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and so on. With the development of next-generation sequencing technology, transcriptome RNA sequencing data analysis has become one of the important methods to determine the composition of tumor immune microenvironment. This article focuses on the common methods of bulk RNA sequencing data analysis and related research progress.

Role of blood markers in predicting the failure of prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation for treatment of periprosthetic joint infection / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the value of inflammation,coagulation and nutrition markers in predicting the failure of prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation for treatment of periprosthetic joint infection(PJI). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 70 patients who undertook prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation due to PJI from June 2016 to October 2020 in the Department of Orthopedics,Henan Provincial People's Hospital. There were 28 males and 42 females,aged (65.5±11.9) years (range: 37 to 88 years). Patients were divided into two groups as the successful group and the failed group depended on whether reinfection occurred after prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation at the last follow up. Patient demographics,laboratory values (C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),ESR and CRP ratio (ESR/CRP),white blood cell count(WBC),platelet count(PLT),hemoglobin(HB),total lymphocyte count(TLC),albumin、fibrinogen(FIB),CRP and albumin ratio (CAR),prognostic nutritional index(PNI)),and reinfection rates were assessed. Comparison between groups was conducted by the independent sample t test or χ2 test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted,and the area under the curve (AUC),optimal diagnostic threshold,sensitivity,and specificity were analyzed to predict the failure of prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation. Results: All patients were followed up for at least two years,and the follow-up time was (38.4±15.2) months (range: 24 to 66 months). Fifteen patients suffered failure after prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation,while the other 55 patients succeeded. The overall failure rate of prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation in PJI treatment was 21.4%. Level of preoperative CRP(35.9±16.2)mg/L,PLT(280.0±104.0)×109/L and CAR 1.3±0.8 in successful group were lower than CRP (71.7±47.3)mg/L,PLT (364.7±119.3)×109/L and CAR 2.5±2.0 in failed group (all P<0.05).Whereas,level of preoperative ESR/CRP (3.3±3.1), Albumin (35.3±5.2)g/L and PNI 43.6±6.2 in successful group were higher than ESR/CRP (1.6±1.4),Albumin(31.3±4.8)g/L and PNI (39.2±15.1) in failed group (all P<0.05). AUC of ROC curve,optimal threshold value,sensitivity and specificity of CRP,ESR/CRP, PLT, Albumin,CAR and PNI for the predicting failure of prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation were 0.776(95%CI:0.660 to 0.867),35.4 mg/L,86.7%,67.3%;0.725(95%CI:0.605 to 0.825),1.0,60.0%,78.2%;0.713(95%CI:0.593 to 0.815),253,93.3%,47.3%;0.721(95%CI:0.601 to 0.822),35.7,93.3%,49.1%;0.772(95%CI:0.656 to 0.863),1.1,86.7%,67.3%;0.706(95%CI:0.585 to 0.809),45.7,100%,41.8% respectively. Conclusion: In patients with PJI,CRP>35.4,ESR/CRP≤1.0 and CAR>1.1 could predict the failure of prosthesis removal and antibiotic-loaded bone cement spacer implantation.

Clinicopathological analysis of primary gastric (gastrointestinal)-type mucoglandular lesion of endometrium / 中华病理学杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological features of primary gastric (gastrointestinal)-type mucoglandular lesions of the endometrium. Methods: Eight cases of primary gastric (gastrointestinal)-type mucoglandular lesions of endometrium diagnosed between 2014 to 2022 were retrieved from pathology archives of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China. The clinical history, pathological sections and follow-ups were analyzed. Results: The eight patients ranged in age from 35 to 67 years, with an average age of 55.5 years. Seven patients were examined for high-risk human papillary virus (HPV) before operation. Only one of them was positive for high-risk HPV52. No cervical mucinous lesions were found in any of the patients. Two cases were invasive gastric (gastrointestinal)-type adenocarcinoma, 2 cases were benign gastric (gastrointestinal)-type mucinous metaplasia, and the other 4 cases were atypical gastric (gastrointestinal)-type mucinous gland hyperplasia. Microscopically, tumor cells showed mucous epithelium with gastrointestinal differentiation. Immunophenotyping showed that MUC6 was diffusely or focally positive in 5 cases, CK20 and CDX2 were positive in 3 cases. And p16 was negative or focally positive in 5 cases and strongly positive in 1 case. ER was expressed in both benign and atypical lesions, and weakly positive or negative in the invasive adenocarcinoma. p53 showed mutant expression in one case and wild-type expression in the rest. HPV in situ hybridization was negative. Conclusions: Primary gastric (gastrointestinal)-type mucoglandular lesions of the endometrium show various forms of gastrointestinal differentiation, which are high-risk HPV independent. Morphology combined with immunohistochemistry is helpful for the diagnosis, which can only be made on exclusion of cervical gastrointestinal glandular lesion, gastrointestinal metastatic carcinoma and the mucinous subtype of endometrioid carcinoma.

Visual analysis of research on traditional Chinese medicine treatment of Alzheimer's disease in recent ten years / 中国中药杂志

This study employed bibliometrics tools to review the studies of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD) in recent ten years, aiming to explore the research status, hotspots, and future trends in this field at home and abroad. The relevant literature published from January 1, 2012 to August 15, 2022 was retrieved from Web of Science and CNKI. CiteSpace 6.1R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.15 were used for the visual analysis of authors, countries, institutions, keywords, journals, etc. A total of 2 254 Chinese articles and 545 English articles were included. The annual number of articles published showed a rising trend with fluctuations. The country with the largest number of relevant articles published and the largest centrality was China. SUN Guo-jie and WANG Qi were the authors publishing the most Chinese articles and English articles, respectively. Hubei University of Chinese Medicine and Beijing University of Chinese Medicine published the most articles in Chinese and English, respectively. Journal of Ethnopharmacology and Neuroscience Letters published the articles with the highest cited frequency and the highest centrality. According to the keywords, the research on TCM treatment of AD mainly focused on the mechanism of action and treatment methods. Metabolomics, intestinal flora, oxidative stress, tau hyperphosphorylation, β-amyloid(Aβ), inflammatory cytokines, and autophagy were the focuses of the research on mechanism of action. Acupuncture, clinical effect, kidney deficiency and phlegm stasis, and dredging governor vessel to revitalize mind were the hotspots of clinical research. This research field is still in the stage of exploration and development. Exchanges and cooperation among institutions should be encouraged to carry out more high-quality basic research on TCM treatment of AD, obtain high-level evidence, and clarify the pathogenesis and prescription mechanism.