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OBJECTIVES@#To establish a predictive equation for commonly used pulmonary ventilation function parameters in children aged 6-<16 years in northeast China.@*METHODS@#A total of 504 healthy children from Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces of China were selected for the prospective study, among whom there were 242 boys and 262 girls. The JAEGER MasterScreen Pneumo spirometer was used to measure pulmonary ventilation function. With the measured values of 10 parameters, including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV@*RESULTS@#The boys aged 9-<10 years and 15-<16 years had significantly higher body height, FVC, and FEV@*CONCLUSIONS@#A new predictive equation for the main pulmonary ventilation function parameters has been established in this study for children aged 6-<16 years in northeast China, which provides a basis for accurate judgment of pulmonary function abnormalities in clinical practice.
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Child , Female , Humans , Male , China , Forced Expiratory Volume , Prospective Studies , Pulmonary Ventilation , Reference Values , Schools , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is a portable, reliable, and inexpensive method for lung function assessment. PEF can reflect expiratory airflow limitation and its variability can document reversibility, which provides an objective basis for the diagnosis of asthma in children. Short-term PEF monitoring can be an important aid in the management of acute asthma exacerbations, identification of possible triggers, and assessment of response to treatment. Long-term PEF monitoring can assist in the assessment of asthma control and warning of acute exacerbations, and this is useful for children with severe asthma. This article reviews the measurements, influencing factors, interpretation, and application of PEF, and its role in the diagnosis and management of asthma in children, to provide references for the clinical application of PEF in children.
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Child , Humans , Asthma/therapy , Peak Expiratory Flow Rate , Respiratory Function TestsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the correlation between the bronchial dilation test (BDT) and asthma control level in children with asthma.@*METHODS@#A total of 153 children with asthma, aged 5-14 years, who attended the outpatient service from March 2016 to March 2018 were enrolled. According to the presence or absence of atopic constitution, they were divided into an allergic group with 79 children and a non-allergic group with 74 children. The correlation between BDT and Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) scores was analyzed for both groups.@*RESULTS@#All basic pulmonary function parameters were positively correlated with C-ACT scores in the non-allergic group (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The improvement rate of BDT is well correlated with C-ACT scores in children with asthma, suggesting that BDT can be used as an index for predicting asthma control level.
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Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Asthma , Dilatation , Forced Expiratory Volume , Lung , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
To establish the UPLC fingerprint of Zhongyi Angong Niuhuang Pills, in order to evaluate its quality by chemical pattern recognition. The method was developed on a column of Poroshell 120 EC-C_(18), with methanol-0.1% formic acid solution as the mobile phase for gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL·min~(-1). The column temperature was 30 ℃,and the detective wavelength was 254 nm. The similarity of 24 batches of Angong Niuhuang Pills was compared by using Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System(2004 A). Hydrophobic cluster analysis,principal components analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were conducted by using SIMCA 13.0 software to investigate different components among these products. The UPLC characteristic fingerprint was established in this study. And 17 common peaks were identified by standard reference and UPLC-MS. The similarity of 24 batches samples were above 0.980,which can be classified into three categories for pattern recognition. Baicalin,berberine,jatrorrhizine,wogonin and wogonoside were identified as the main markers that cause differences of various batches. The method is simple,rapid,accurate and reproducible,and can provide scientific basis for improving the quality standard of Zhongyi Angong Niuhuang Pills.
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry , Tandem Mass SpectrometryABSTRACT
@#AIM: To observe the clinical effect of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with vitrectomy in the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).<p>METHODS: A retrospective study. Sixty patients(66 eyes)with PDR who underwent vitrectomy in our hospital from May 2016 to May 2017 were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods, 30 cases(33 eyes). ranibizumab were injected into vitreous cavity 3-5d before operation in group A, but not in group B. The incidence of iatrogenic retinal holes, intravitreal hemorrhage, visual acuity and complications were compared between the two groups.<p>RESULTS:Iatrogenic retinal hiatus and intravitreal hemorrhage occurred in both groups during operation. The number of eyes with iatrogenic retinal hiatus and the incidence of intravitreal hemorrhage in group A were less than those in group B(<i>P</i><0.05). The visual acuity of group A was better than that of group B(<i>P</i><0.05). After operation, the number of eyes with intravitreal hemorrhage, high intraocular pressure and macular edema in group A was less than that in group B(<i>P</i><0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Preoperative intravitreal injection of ranibizumab combined with vitrectomy for PDR can effectively reduce iatrogenic retinal hiatus and intravitreal hemorrhage. Postoperative complications are less, which is conducive to the recovery of patients.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy,safety and tolerability of recombinanat human interferon α2 b(rhIFNα2b)spray in treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection(except the flu)in children. METHODS: In total,575 children who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled from January,2019 to July,2019. They were divided into rhIFNα2b spray group(291 cases)and ribavirin group(284 cases). The children in rhIFNα2b spray group were given the rhIFNα2b spray(P.putida),and those in ribavirin groups were treated with the ribavirin spray. The curative effect and safety between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The per-protocol set(PPS) comprised 448 patients(233 in the rhIFNα2b spray group,215 in the ribavirin group). The primary efficacy endpoint was antipyretic time which in rhIFNα2b spray group(25.0 h)was significantly shorter than that in the ribavirin group(33.6 h)(P=0.0001). In the comparison of symptomatic relief time,the relief time of nasal congestion,runny nose,sore throat and cough in rhIFNα2b spray group was shorter than that in ribavirin group(P<0.05). The recovery time in the rhIFNα2b spray group was 92 h,which showed significant decrease compared with the ribavirin group(112 h)(P<0.0001). The incidence of adverse events had no statistical differences between the two groups(P=0.2461). CONCLUSION: The rhIFNα2b spray treatment for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children is proved to be significantly effective;particularly,it can evidently relieve fever symptoms and promote the disappearance of nasal and pharyngeal symptoms. It has good safety and tolerability,so the rhIFNα2b spray is worthy to be promoted in clinical application.
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Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of wheezing in infants under 2 years old,mostly caused by viral infection. Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and rhinovirus(RV)are the most common pathogens. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between infants with bronchiolitis induced by virus infection(RSV or RV)in the early stage of life and the subsequent development of asthma later during childhood. This review summarized the relationship between bronchiolitis induced by RSV and RV infection and recurrent attacks of wheezing or asthma,the long-term impact on lung function,the pathogenesis,risk factors and prevention strategies of asthma after virus infection.
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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the main pathogens of common community-acquired pneumonia in children.The incidence of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia has been increasing in recent years,and the drugs are limited in children. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. In this paper,the diagnostic and therapeutic value of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the treatment of refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children was expounded from the aspects of endobronchial lesions,pathogen and cytokine analysis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,bronchoalveolar lavage,airway cleaning and local drug injection under bronchoscopy.
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Objective To measure in vivo biomechanical properties of pelvic support structures associated with uterosacral ligament suspension(ULS). Methods Ten Chinese female cadavers(death within 48 hours)without embalming were carefully dissected to expose the ligament. After dissection, ligaments were sewn according to standard ULS surgical technique. They were stretched at a steady rate to breakage during constant electronic registration of load and displacement. In vivo biomechanical properties were evaluated by a load-displacement curve. Results Ultimate load of uterosacral ligament, ring around cervix were(37.3±23.5),(49.3±28.4)N, respectively. The differences between the two groups was not significant(P>0.05). Ligament stiffness were(1.26±1.22),(1.45±0.92)N/mm, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05). Conclusions The uterosacral ligament, ring around cervix with sufficient strength are not easy to deform. ULS is an effective procedure for treating middle pelvic defects from a biomechanics perspective.
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·AIM: To investigate the effects of fundus laser combined with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy on serum levels of NOS, VEGF and IL-6 in patients with diabetic macular edema. ·METHODS:From May 2015 to May 2016,106 cases (156 eyes) of patients with diabetic macular edema in hospital were be selected as the research object. According to the random number table method,84 eyes of 56 cases were in observation group, 72 eyes of 50 cases in the control group. The control group was given retinal laser treatment, the observation group was treated by retinal laser combined with anti-VEGF therapy. We compared two groups of clinical efficiency,the best corrected visual acuity, macular thickness, complications and serum NOS,VEGF and IL-6. ·RESULTS: The best corrected visual acuity significantly increased and the macular thickness significantly decreased in the observation group (P < 0. 05). The improvement of the best corrected visual acuity and macular thickness in the observation group was obviously better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The level of NOS,VEGF and IL-6 was not different between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of NOS increased significantly and VEGF and IL-6 decreased significantly in the two groups (P<0.05). The improvement of serum NOS, VEGF and IL - 6 in the observation group was better than those in the control group (P < 0. 05). The total effective rate of clinical treatment in the control group (80.6%) was lower than that of the observation group (94. 0%, P<0. 05). The incidence of complications in the control group (9.7%) and the incidence of complications in the observation group (7.1%) were not significantly different (P>0.05). ·CONCLUSION:This is a safe and effective treatment of fundus laser combined with anti - VEGF drugs in the treatment of diabetic macular edema. It can effectively improve serum NOS,VEGF and IL-6 levels.
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AIM:To investigate the dry eye prevalence, tear film function and corneal status in patients with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy ( TAO) .?METHODS: Totally 218 patients ( 436 eyes ) with TAO admitted to our hospital from September 2014 to August 2016 were selected and divided into two groups according to TAO's clinical activity score ( CAS): score≥ 4 divided into active patients, 72 cases of 144 eyes;score<4 points were inactive patients, a total of 146 cases of 292 eyes;according to the patient's course of the situation was divided into three groups, less than 1a for the short course of disease, a total of 133 cases of 266 eyes;course of disease in the 1-2a in the medium course group, there were 40 eyes of 80 eyes and 45 eyes of 90 eyes in more than 2a, as long course group. Contrast patients were examined by corneal fluorescein staining ( FL) , tear film break-up time ( BUT ) and tear secretion test ( SⅠt ) Happening.?RESULTS: In 218 patients, 138 cases of 276 eyes were diagnosed as dry eye. The prevalence rate of active period patients was higher than that of inactive patients, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). The prevalence rate in the short course group was higher than that of the middle course group and the long course group, and the difference was statistically significant compared with that in long course group (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference between any two of the three groups in BUT and SⅠt detection (P>0. 05), and the differences was statistically significant in the detection of FL (P<0. 05). The differences of FL, BUT and SⅠt between the inactive patients and the active patients were statistically significant (P<0. 05).? CONCLUSION: Most patients with TAO have inadequate tear secretion and tear film instability. The corneal epithelium of 1/3 TAO patients is damaged and the incidence of dry eye disease is significantly higher than that of normal subjects.
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Objective@#To investigate the value of Multislice computed tomography volume rendering(VR) technique and 3D printing technique in auricular reconstruction.@*Methods@#Six patients were enrolled for auricular reconstruction with costal cartilage, including 5 congenital microtia patients and 1 traumatic auricular defect patient. We harvest the three-dimensional reconstructive data of the contralateral sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth costal cartilage with VR technique. Three-dimensional solid models were 3D printed with nylon material according to the data exported in STL format. Preoperative simulation was performed on the models, accordingly, we determined the strategies of costal cartilage harvest and framework fabrication, and operations were performed based on the pre-designed plan.@*Results@#In all 6 patients, the actual costal cartilage harvest and framework fabrication process was consistent with the preoperative design and simulation results, and more scientific than before. The shapes of reconstructed ears were vivid and natural. No complications such as infection, absorption, distortion and chest deformity happened.@*Conclusions@#Through costal cartilage VR and 3D printing technique, we could make more reasonable preoperative design and simulation. The results can be improved with reduced injury, while avoiding the risks of thoracic deformity.
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Objective To analyze the correlation between the pressure volume parameters and cardiac function in terms of New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Methods Among 36 patients with pulmonary hypertension admitted in our center between April 2015 to June 2016, right heart catheterization recording right atrial pressure curve,right ventricular pressure curve,pulmonary arterial pressure and oxygen saturation curve in different parts was performal.All patients recived underwent cardiac MRI examination to obtain a single cardiac cycle and the use of Mass software to measure right ventricular volume continuously and right ventricular pressure-volume loop parameters were then obtained. Patients were divided into different groups according to the NYHA functional classification, and the correlation between the parameters of each group and the cardiac function classes a were analyzed. Results Compare to patients with NYHA class Ⅰheart function,patients with NYHA heart function class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ had significantly higher right ventricular end diastolic pressure(P < 0.05)and higher right ventricular systolic pressure (P < 0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that cardiac function of NYHA classⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲhad position correlation with RVESV,RVEDP and RVESP wheras negative correlation with RVEDV. ROC curve analysis showed that,when the patients were divided into 2 groups as NYHAⅠvs. NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ,NYHA classification for predicting the outcome of the NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ level, pulmonary artery elasticity and right ventricular end systolic pressure had larger area under curves respectively. Conclusions Pressure-volume parameters of right ventricles are more objective indicators for cardiac function assessment for pulmonary hypertension patients and evaluation of disease progression especialy in patients with mild symptoms.
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Objective To analyze the correlation between the pressure volume parameters and cardiac function in terms of New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Methods Among 36 patients with pulmonary hypertension admitted in our center between April 2015 to June 2016, right heart catheterization recording right atrial pressure curve,right ventricular pressure curve,pulmonary arterial pressure and oxygen saturation curve in different parts was performal.All patients recived underwent cardiac MRI examination to obtain a single cardiac cycle and the use of Mass software to measure right ventricular volume continuously and right ventricular pressure-volume loop parameters were then obtained. Patients were divided into different groups according to the NYHA functional classification, and the correlation between the parameters of each group and the cardiac function classes a were analyzed. Results Compare to patients with NYHA class Ⅰheart function,patients with NYHA heart function class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ had significantly higher right ventricular end diastolic pressure(P < 0.05)and higher right ventricular systolic pressure (P < 0.01). Spearman correlation analysis showed that cardiac function of NYHA classⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲhad position correlation with RVESV,RVEDP and RVESP wheras negative correlation with RVEDV. ROC curve analysis showed that,when the patients were divided into 2 groups as NYHAⅠvs. NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ,NYHA classification for predicting the outcome of the NYHA class Ⅱ + Ⅲ level, pulmonary artery elasticity and right ventricular end systolic pressure had larger area under curves respectively. Conclusions Pressure-volume parameters of right ventricles are more objective indicators for cardiac function assessment for pulmonary hypertension patients and evaluation of disease progression especialy in patients with mild symptoms.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes in the migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) in asthmatic rats with airway remodeling and the effect of NK-1R inhibitor WIN62577 on the migration of ASMC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into two groups: airway remodeling induced by asthma and normal control. ASMC from rats with asthma and airway remodeling induced by ovalbumin (OVA) inhalation for 8 weeks were primary cultured and purified. Immunofluorescence and real-time PCR were used to measure the expression of NK-1R. With NK-1R inhibitor WIN62577 treatment, the changes in the migration of ASMC were measured by transwell chambers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NK-1R in ASMC was expressed mainly in the cytoplasm and cell membrane in the airway remodeling group, and the mRNA expression of NK-1R was higher than the normal control group (P<0.01). The number of the migrated ASMC in the airway remodeling group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.01). Various concentrations (10-11 mol/L, 10-10 mol/L, 10-9 mol/L and 10-8 mol/L) of WIN62577 treatment decreased the number of the migrated ASMC (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>NK-1R may affect airway remodeling possibly through promoting the migration ability of ASMC in rats with asthma.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Airway Remodeling , Androstenes , Pharmacology , Asthma , Pathology , Benzimidazoles , Pharmacology , Cell Movement , Myocytes, Smooth Muscle , Physiology , Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists , Pharmacology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the changes in the expression of leptin and its receptor in the lungs of mice with varying degrees of asthma before and after budesonide treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty Balb/c mice were randomly assigned into 4 groups with 10 animals in each. One group received no treatment (control group) and the other groups were challenged with either nebulized ovalbumin (OVA) for three days (3-day group) or seven days (7-day group), or with nebulized ovalbumin followed by budesonide administration (treatment group). Changes in airway inflammation were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The protein and mRNA levels of leptin and its receptor in lung tissues were determined using immunohistochemistry/Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The two asthmatic groups showed more significant pathological changes in the airway than the control and the treatment groups. Mice that were challenged by OVA for seven days showed more marked pathological changes in the airway compared with mice challenged by OVA for three days. The protein and mRNA levels of leptin in the lung tissues of the 3-day group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.01), but significantly lower than those of the 7-day group (P<0.01). The protein levels of leptin receptor in the lung tissues of the 3-day group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). The treatment group showed increased protein levels of leptin receptor compared with the 7-day group (P<0.01). No significant difference was noted between the four groups with respect to the mRNA levels of leptin receptor in the lung tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Leptin is highly expressed whereas its receptor is lowly expressed in the lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Budesonide can increase the expression of leptin receptor, but has no significant impact on the expression of leptin.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Asthma , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Pathology , Blotting, Western , Budesonide , Pharmacology , Immunohistochemistry , Leptin , Genetics , Lung , Chemistry , Pathology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , RNA, Messenger , Receptors, Leptin , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the diagnostic values of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) for typical bronchial asthma and cough variant asthma in children, and to explore whether FeNO can be applied to differentiate typical bronchial asthma from cough variant asthma in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 150 children who were newly diagnosed with typical bronchial asthma between June 2012 and June 2014, as well as 120 children who were newly diagnosed with cough variant asthma during the same period, were selected as subjects. FeNO measurement, spirometry, and methacholine provocation test were performed for both groups. Meanwhile, 150 healthy children were selected as the control group, and their FeNO was measured. The diagnostic values of FeNO for typical bronchial asthma and cough variant asthma were analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The FeNO values in the typical bronchial asthma and cough variant asthma groups were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.01), and the FeNO value in the typical bronchial asthma group was significantly higher than in the cough variant asthma group (P<0.01). FEV1/FVC%, FEV1%pred, and PD20 were significantly lower in the typical bronchial asthma group than in the cough variant asthma group (P<0.01). The optimal cut-off value of FeNO was 19.5 ppb for the diagnosis of typical bronchial asthma, with a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 86.7%; the optimal cut-off value of FeNO was 15.5 ppb for the diagnosis of cough variant asthma, with a sensitivity of 67.5% and a specificity of 78.0%; the optimal cut-off value of FeNO was 28.5 ppb for the differentiation between typical bronchial asthma and cough variant asthma, with a sensitivity of 60.7% and a specificity of 82.5%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Measurenment of FeNO may be useful in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of typical bronchial asthma and cough variant asthma.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Asthma , Diagnosis , Breath Tests , Cough , Diagnosis , Forced Expiratory Volume , Nitric Oxide , ROC Curve , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the correlation between airway inflammation and osteopontin (OPN) level in the lung tissue, and to study the effect of dexamethasone (DXM) on OPN expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control, ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged asthma groups (OVA inhalation for 1 week or 2 weeks) and DXM-treated asthma groups (DXM treatment for 1 week or 2 weeks). The mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA to prepare mouse model of acute asthma. Alterations of airway inflammation were observed by haematoxylin-eosin staining. Serum level of OVA-sIgE was evaluated using ELISA. OPN expression in the lung tissue was located and measured by immunohistochemistry and Western blot respectively. OPN mRNA level in the lung tissue was detected by real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The asthma groups showed more pathological changes in the airway than the normal control and the DXM-treated groups. Compared with the OVA-challenged 1 week group, the pathological alterations increased in the OVA-challenged 2 weeks group. The level of OVA-sIgE in serum increased in the asthma groups compared with the control and the DXM groups (P<0.01). Serum OVA-sIgE sevel increased more significantly in the OVA-challenged 2 weeks group compared with the OVA-challenged 1 week group (P<0.01). OPN protein and mRNA levels were significantly raised in the asthma groups compared with the normal control and the DXM groups (P<0.01), and both levels increased more significantly in the OVA-challenged 2 weeks group compared with the OVA-challenged 1 week group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The increased OPN expression in the lung tissue is associated with more severe airway inflammation in asthmatic mice, suggesting that OPN may play an important role in the pathogenesis of asthma. DXM can alleviate airway inflammation possibly by inhibiting OPN production.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Asthma , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Pathology , Dexamethasone , Therapeutic Uses , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin E , Blood , Lung , Metabolism , Pathology , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Osteopontin , Genetics , Physiology , Ovalbumin , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of γ-Vitamin E (γ-VitE) on levels of IL-4,IL-13 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in mouse with asthma.Methods Thirty healthy Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 3groups(10 mice in each group):asthma group,γ-VitE group and control group.In asthma group and γ-VitE group,20mice were sensitized by exposured to aerosolized ovalbumin and challenged with the same antigen to establish asthma model.Rats in asthma group were not treated with γ-VitE,rats in γ-VitE group were treated with γ-VitE.Rats in control group were treated with normal saline instead of aerosolized ovalbumin.The total cell,acidophilic leukocytes,neutrophils,macrophages and lymphocyte were observed and counted by microscopic after Wright-Giemsa stain.IL-13,IL-4and IgE in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured by ELISA assay.Results Mice sensitized by aerosolized ovalbumin appeared nose spasm itch,sneezing and catching the ear,the symptom were alleviated after γ-VitE intervention.The cell numbers of γ-VitE group were less than those in asthma group,the differences were significant (all P ＜0.05).The ELISA test result showed that the expression of IL-4 and IL-13 in asthma group and γ-VE group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of IL-4,IL-13 and IgE in γ-VitE group were significantly lower than those in asthma group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions γ-VitE can inhibit the levels of IL-4 and IL-13 in asthma mouse,and reduce the level of IgE.γ-VitE has a certain effect in treatment of asthma.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the alterations and relationship of surfactant protein (SP)-A, SP-D and KL-6 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Self-control method was used for the study on SP-A, SP-D and KL-6 in serum, infected and non-infected BALFs in 32 MMP children with only one side of MPP.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The contents of SP-A, SP-D and KL-6 in infected BALF were [mg/L;M (IQR) ]: 243 (90-468) , 187 (43-333) , 148 (47-426) ;104 (37-257) , 56 (25-131) , 35 (12-147) in non-infected BALF; 35 (25-69) , 33 (9-149) and 24 (15-62) in serum. The correlation coefficient of KL-6 between serum and infected BALF were -0.534 and -0.378 (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There were significant correlation between the alterations of SP-A, SP-D and KL-6 in serum and lung infection in children with CAP. KL-6 in serum may be more sensitive than SP-A and SP-D.</p>