Expression and clinical significance of circadian gene Per2 in non-small cell lung cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the expression of Per2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and analyze its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of Per2 was determined in 60 NSCLC and 20 normal lung tissues by immunohistochemical assay, and the relationship between Per2 expression and clinicopathological features was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive expression rates of Per2 in NSCLC and normal lung tissues were 71.7% and 95.0%, respectively (P < 0.05). The expression of Per2 in NSCLC was correlated with pathological differentiation and TNM stage (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of Per2 in NSCLC is decreased. The negative expression of Per2 may contribute to the development and invasion in NSCLC.</p>

Analysis of changes in percentage of phenotype CD4 + CD45RA + and CD4+ CD45RO + in peripheral blood and effect of immunomodulation in aged male patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Autoimmunity participates in chronic heart failure (CCI), it is CD4+ T lymphocytes that mainly induces myocardial infiltration and the progression of the disease. The purpose of this research is to assess changes of CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocyte subset, and phenotype of primary T cell (CD4+ CD45RA+) and memory T cells (CD4+ CD45RO+) in peripheral blood in aged male patients with CCI. And to investigate the immunomodulatory effects on subsets of CD4+, CD8+ and phenotype of CD4+ CD45RA+ and CD4+ CD45RO+ and the possible therapeutic mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The participant were 155 aged men among whom 94 cases were diagnosed as CCI and heart function of the rest 41 cases were normal. All patients underwent echocardiography examination and were collected peripheral blood before and after treatment. Serum N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels were detected by heterogeneous immunoassay. Serum C reactive protein (CRP) were measured by immunoturbidimetry assay. T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were separated and determined distribution of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+, CD4+ CD45RO+ using flow cytometry. Participants were divided into 3 groups: the CCI intervention group, who received regular therapy and thymopentin (20 mg intramuscular injection, once every other day for 3 month; n = 60) , the CCI control group, who received regular therapy (n = 54) and 41 healthy individual older than 57 years of age, who served as normal controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and CD4+ CD45RO+ levels decreased, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), NT-proBNP, CRP, CD4+, CD4+ CD45RA+, CD4+/CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO+ levels were obviously higher in CCI group. Distribution of CD8+ was not significantly changed. The level of NT-proBNP, CRP, CD4+/CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45 RO+ was negatively correlated with LVEF. LVEF could be much improved via decreasing distribution of CD4+/CD8+, CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO in CCI intervention group than in CCI control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The changes of CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+ CD45RA+/CD4+ CD45RO+ suggest that CD4+ T lymphocyte subset and its phenotype play an important role in the process of CCI. The regulation of CD4+ T lymphocyte and its phenotype may be one of the strategy in the treatment of CCI.</p>

Comparison of lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene level in raw and cooked foods consumed in Beijing / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To measure lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene level in foods commonly consumed in Beijing, and compare the content difference between raw and cooked food.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-six commonly consumed foods of 8 classes were collected in Haidian district of Beijing from September to October in 2009. A high performance liquid chromatography method was used to determine the content of lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene in both raw and cooked samples.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Lutein was abundant in cucurbitaceous and solanaceous, allium and nuts, especially in Chinese chive (18 226.9 µg/100 g) and pumpkin (13 265.2 µg/100 g). Major sources of zeaxanthin included round pumpkin, green garlic shoot, corn and eggs, whose level of zeaxanthin were 444.6, 283.5, 279.7, 118.6 - 377.9 µg/100 g, respectively. Zeaxanthin level of those cooked foods changed to 483.9, 239.3, 279.1, 149.5 - 594.7 µg/100 g, respectively. The zeaxanthin level of cooked Chinese chive reached 1081.2 µg/100 g, while we did not detect any zeaxanthin in raw Chinese chive. β-carotene was present in a wide variety of vegetables and fruits. Carrot (17 234.3 µg/100 g) was a good source of β-carotene, while its level in cooked carrot was 17 013.5 µg/100 g.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Consuming the proper kinds of foods and changing the method of food processing were beneficial to increase the intake of lutein, zeaxanthin and β-carotene.</p>

Clinical assessment of Tpeak-end interval for prediction of myocardial infarction / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the value of Tpeak-end interval (Tpe) in predicting myocardial infarction (MI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Tpe and Tpeak-end internal after correcting the heart rate (TpeRR) were measured and analyzed in 234 MI patients, who were followed-up for an average of 32 ± 10 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Clinical events occurred in 45 (19.2%) patients at the end TpeRR of the follow-up. Tpe and of the patients with clinical events were significantly higher than those in patients without the clinical events (P < 0.001). The incidence of clinical events in patients with Tpe > 140 ms were significantly higher than that in patients with Tpe ≤ 140 ms by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P < 0.001). With clinical event as the end point, the proportional hazards rate was 2.48 in univariate COX analysis (P < 0.01). After controlling for risk factors, the hazards rate was 2.66 by multvariate COX regression (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tpe is positively correlated to the prognosis of MI and serves as an new index for predicting the clinical events in MI patients.</p>

Relationship between Tpeak-Tend interval and coronary artery stenosis and effects of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on Tpeak-Tend / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between Tpeak-Tend interval (Tpe) and the extent and severity of coronary artery stenosis, and evaluate the effect of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and stent implantation (PCI) on Tpe in the patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ECG data were collected from 187 CHD patients undergoing coronary angiography and PCI to evaluate the extend and severity of coronary artery stenosis before and after the interventions.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The Tpe of patients with severe stenosis increased significantly as compared with that in patients with moderate stenosis (138.9-/+16.2 ms vs 116.5-/+13.7 ms, P<0.05), and a significant difference was also noted between the moderate stenosis and mild stenosis (86.4-/+12.9 ms) groups (P<0.05). The Tpe decreased significantly in the patients in the order of multi-vessel involvement (140.7-/+17.8 ms), double vessel involvement (118.6-/+14.9 ms), singly vessel involvement (100.5-/+13.2 ms), and stenosis-free (84.3-/+12.4 ms) groups (P<0.05). Tpe was correlated to the extent and severity of coronary artery stenosis (r>0.4). In patients with severe stenosis, the Tpe was significantly reduced at 1 h, 24 h, and 1 week after PCI (115.8-/+14.5, 92.7-/+12.9, and 88.2-/+11.3 ms, respectively, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The Tpe can reflect the severity and range of coronary artery stenosis, which can be reduced by PCI. Tpe can be a new index for evaluating myocardial ischemia in CHD patients.</p>

Correlation of heart rate turbulence to coronary lesions and its changes following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between heart rate turbulence (HRT) and coronary lesion and the effects of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on HRT.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This study involved 150 patients undergoing 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiography (AECG) and elective coronary angiography (CAG). AECG was monitored on the first day and 7 days after PTCA in 108 patients with positive CAG findings, and the variation of HRT and cardiac functions were observed. The turbulence onset (TO), turbulence slope (TS) and turbulence timing (TT) of each section of HRT were calculated, analyzed and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The values of TO and TT were significantly higher and TS significantly lower in CAG-positive group than in CAG-negative group (P<0.05 or 0.001). Significant difference was found in TO, TS and TT between patients with single and multiple coronary lesions (P<0.05 and 0.001). The values of TO, TS and TT on the first day after PTCA improved significantly in comparison with the those before PTCA in patients with single and multiple coronary lesions (P<0.001). Postoperative follow-up of the patients revealed obviously attenuated HRT in patients with left cardiac insufficiency compared with the patients with normal cardiac function (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HRT is correlated to the severity of the coronary lesions and shows significant improvement after PTCA. Cardiac function insufficiency is an important factor affecting the HRT attenuation.</p>

Long-term efficacy of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis in the management of children with high anisometropic amblyopia / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Children with anisometropic amblyopia are often noncompliant with traditional treatment including spectacules and contact lenses. This study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy of excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for children with high anisometropic amblyopia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis of 24 children with high unilateral anisometropic amblyopia, who underwent LASIK during the period between August 2000 and September 2005 in our hospital, was conducted. The mean age of these children was (7.4 +/- 1.9) years (range 5 - 14 years) and the mean follow-up period was (33.3 +/- 14.2) months (range 18.5 - 74.2 months). After LASIK, visual acuity, refraction and far or near stereoacuity were analyzed. Near stereoacuity was measured by the random-dot butterfly stereogram and the pre-school random-dot stereogram, while far stereoacuity was measured by the synoptophore with Yan's random-dot stereogram.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mean preoperative uncorrected visual acuity was 0.06 +/- 0.05, while mean postoperative uncorrected visual acuity was elevated to 0.43 +/- 0.33. Mean preoperative best-corrected visual acuity was 0.26 +/- 0.22, while mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was elevated to 0.67 +/- 0.40. For patients with myopic anisometropia, preoperative mean spherical equivalent refraction was (-8.01 +/- 2.70) D while postoperative value significantly reduced to (-1.32 +/- 2.47) D. For patients with hyperopic anisometropia, preoperative mean spherical equivalent refraction was (+7.35 +/- 1.55) D while postoperative value significantly reduced to (+3.30 +/- 0.86) D. These results demonstrated that there was statistical difference in these parameters between preoperative and postoperative tests. At the last follow-up, 20 patients had near stereoacuity, and the mean near stereoacuities measured by the random-dot butterfly stereogram and the preschool random-dot stereogram were (149.00 +/- 152.93)'' and (201.05 +/- 235.94)'', respectively. In contrast, 11 patients had far stereoacuity, and the mean far stereoacuity measured by the synoptophore was (210.91 +/- 217.51)''. Three cases of patients developed mild corneal complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>LASIK for the correction of high anisometropia in children with monocular amblyopia may be safe and effective, and this can help effectively conduct postoperative amblyopia training and improve the cure rate.</p>

Effect of the whey basic protein on bone mineral density / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine the effects of the whey basic protein on bone metabolism of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and healthy mid-aged women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-four female SD rats were randomized by weight into four groups of eleven rats each and fed 10 mg x kg BW(-1) x d(-1), 20 mg x kg BW(-1) x d(-1), 30 mg x kg BW(-1) x d(-1) of whey basic protein and control diet was given respectively by intragastrically injection for 90 days. Bone mineral density of femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in vitro. Sixty-three health women [(37.9 +/- 4.3) years old] were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo, 30 mg whey basic protein per day or 60 mg whey basic protein per day for 24 weeks. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar vertebrae L2-LA, femoral neck and right calcaneus of each subject were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at 0 and the 24th week of treatment. Serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase and N-telopeptide (NTX) were measured at 0 and the 14th week.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean BMD value of the distal end of the femur in 10 mg x kg BW(-1) x d(-1) whey basic protein group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the end of the trail. But after treatment by doses of whey basic protein used in the study, there were no differences between the control group and others groups on bone mineral density in the human trail.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Whey basic protein should enhance the bone mineral density of the rats' femur and no obvious effect was detected in the human trail.</p>

Effects of iron supplementation on human serum level of transferrin receptor / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study trend of dynamic change in level of serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) in the process of iron supplementation to provide evidence for sTfR in evaluating the efficacy of iron supplementation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally, 942 child-bearing-age women aged 18 to 45 years were selected from Longfang City, Hebei Province and Shunyi County, Beijing. Biochemical indicators of iron metabolism were measured for all of them, including serum levels of ferritin (SF) and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), and hemoglobin (Hb). According to the current criteria for assessing iron status, women were screened for iron deficiency erythropoiesis (IDE) or iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Seventy-two women agreed to participate in the study, and 59 of them finished whole dynamic observations with signed informed consent. Four capsules of ferrous L-threonate (containing 7 mg of iron element per capsule) were administered for women with IDE every other day and for women with IDA every day, respectively, for 12 weeks. Serum biochemical indicators and level of sTfR were measured in 0 wk, 3 wk, 6 wk, 9 wk and 12 wk, respectively, during the process of iron supplementation, and their dynamic changes were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Level of sTfR in women with IDE and IDA was (26.62 +/- 10.57) nmol/L and (41.25 +/- 21.96) nmol/L, respectively, significantly higher than normal level. During the process of iron supplementation, level of sTfR changed as the following characteristics. In women with IDE, level of sTfR kept stable within the first 3 weeks of iron supplementation, then dropped gradually and progressively, reached to normal, with (17.86 +/- 5.57) nmol/L, in the 12 wk after iron supplementation. In women with IDA, level of sTfR dropped quickly within the first 3 wk of iron supplementation, then dropped slowly until the 9th wk and kept stable, and reached to normal level in the 12 wk, with (19.54 +/- 5.94) nmol/L and a ratio of sTfR/SF of 12.23 +/- 4.34. Ratio of sTfR/SF changed as level of sTfR during the process of iron supplementation. Level of sTfR correlated reversely with levels of Hb and SF and positively with level of ZPP.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Serum level of sTfR in child-bearing age women gradually decreased to normal with the restoration of their normal iron status during the process of iron supplementation and could be used as a specific indicator for assessing efficacy of iron supplementation.</p>

Iron status and effect of early iron supplementation on sub-clinical iron deficiency in rural school-age children from mountainous areas of Beijing / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand iron nutritional status in school-age children, incidence of the sub-clinical iron deficiency (SID) and effect of iron supplementation on SID in the rural school-age children from mountainous areas of Beijing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The dietary survey and food frequency questionnaire survey were conducted in 1,012 school children aged 7 - 13 at rural mountainous areas of Fangshan District, Beijing, and their blood samples were collected for analyzing biochemical indicators for iron nutrition. Two hundred and sixty-seven children with IDs (iron deficiency store) and IDE (iron deficiency erythropoiesis), based on screening criteria for iron-deficiency anemia, received an iron supplementation (NaFeEDTA) capsule (containing 60 mg iron element) weekly, and those with IDA (iron deficiency anemia) received NaFeEDTA capsule thrice weekly for nine weeks. Blood biochemical indicators for iron nutrition were determined repeatedly and compared with those before and after the intervention.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The daily average intakes of energy, protein, iron and vitamin C in school children of all age groups reached the daily recommended criteria (> 85% of the RNIs), but the proportion of heme in dietary iron constitution was lower. The average blood biochemical indicators for iron nutrition were as follows: serum ferritin (SF) (50.83 +/- 33.09) micro g/L, free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (FEP) (489.44 +/- 219.61) micro g/L, hemoglobin (Hb) (130.57 +/- 10.82) g/L, and the ratio of FEP/Hb (3.83 +/- 1.96), respectively. Incidence of total iron deficiency in rural children was 26.5%, with proportions of iron deficiency (IDs), iron deficiency erythropoiesis (IDE), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) of 15.5%, 7.1%, and 3.9% respectively. SID accounted for 85.4% of the total iron deficiency, which was 5.8 times as much as IDA. With iron supplementation for 9 weeks, the hematdogical index of iron increased significantly and returned to the normal level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The incidence of subclinical iron deficiency in the rural school-age children was insidious and should be attached more importance, which was helpful to its early recognition and intervention. Iron supplementation is important for children with SID to prevent and decrease the occurrence of IDA.</p>