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Purpose@#We sought to investigate the effectiveness and safety of dabrafenib in children with BRAFV600E-mutated Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). @*Materials and Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 children with BRAFV600E-mutated LCH who were treated with dabrafenib. @*Results@#The median age at which the patients started taking dabrafenib was 2.3 years old (range, 0.6 to 6.5 years). The ratio of boys to girls was 2.3:1. The median follow-up time was 30.8 months (range, 18.9 to 43.6 months). There were 14 patients (70%) in the risk organ (RO)+ group and six patients (30%) in the RO– group. All patients were initially treated with traditional chemotherapy and then shifted to targeted therapy due to poor control of LCH or intolerance to chemotherapy. The overall objective response rate and the overall disease control rate were 65% and 75%, respectively. During treatment, circulating levels of cell-free BRAFV600E (cfBRAFV600E) became negative in 60% of the patients within a median period of 3.0 months (range, 1.0 to 9.0 months). Grade 2 or 3 adverse effects occurred in five patients. @*Conclusion@#Some children with BRAFV600E-mutated LCH may benefit from monotherapy with dabrafenib, especially high-risk patients with concomitant hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and intolerance to chemotherapy. The safety of dabrafenib is notable. A prospective study with a larger sample size is required to determine the optimal dosage and treatment duration.
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OBJECTIVE@#To understand the current cognition of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occupational protection among the managers of multi-level stomatology medical institutions in efforts to provide a reference for formulating technical standards for occupational protection.@*METHODS@#Eighteen managers of oral medical institutions were individually interviewed in-depth using asemi-structured questionnaire on issues related to AIDS occupational protection using the phenomenological research method. Nvivo 12.0 software was used to code and analyze the interview data, and relevant themes were extracted.@*RESULTS@#Three themes were extracted from the data. Occupational protection measures for AIDS in dental medical institutions mainly based on the aspects of standardized operation, standardized prevention, and post-exposure treatment. However, the implementation of these protective measures was often inadequate. Occupational protection training for AIDS was carried out regularly at dental medical institutions, but the training effect was not generally tracked. Several limitations in AIDS occupational protection management; these limitations included the lack of a specific occupational protection system, the difficulty of AIDS screening for outpatients, and the difficulty of AIDS occupational protection supervision.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Oral medical institutions should strengthen their occupational protection training and supervision approaches and formulate unified occupational protection standards to reduce occupational exposure and improve hospital management quality and efficiency.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Cognition , Occupational Exposure , Oral Medicine , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective The recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) remains relatively high. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of rs2200733 polymorphism for AF recurrence after RFCA. Methods Fifty-three AF patients underwent RFCA guided by the magnetic navigation system between July 2015 and September 2016 in Wuxi People’s Hospital. We obtained the baseline data on the patients, conducted genotyping for rs2200733 variants, and followed up the patients for symptoms and complications by electrocardiography (ECG) and dynamic ECG. Using Cox survival analysis, we determined the independent predictors of AF recurrence after RFCA and the sensibility and specificity of predicting AF recurrence at 12 and 24 months post-operatively. Results All the patients were Han Chinese, followed-up for 21.6 ± 9.5 months, and 25 (47.2%) of them experienced AF recurrence at 6.6 ± 5.3 months after RFCA. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a significant association between rs2200733 polymorphism and AF recurrence in the additive and recessive models (P < 0.001), and multivariate Cox analysis showed the rs2200733 polymorphism (recessive model) to be an independent predictor of post-RFCA AF recurrence (OR = 3.184, 95% CI: 1.378-7.357, P = 0.007). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of rs2200733 TT in predicting AF recurrence at 12 months were 64%, 81%, 70%, 76% and 74%, and those at 24 months were 60%, 82%, 75%, 70%, and 72%, respectively. Conclusion The rs2200733 polymorphism is an independent predictor of AF recurrence after RFCA, and its high specificity indicates that it could be used as a tool for screening Han Chinese patients with AF for RFCA.
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Objective The mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) protecting the cardiovascular system have not yet been clarified. This study was to investigate the vasorelaxative effect of 13,14-epoxy docosapentaenoic acid (13,14-EpDPE) on coronary arterioles in normal rats and its action mechanisms.Methods We isolated coronary artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) from normal rats by enzyme digestion, examined the open probabilities of the large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in inside-out single channel configuration in the presence of different concentrations (0, 1, 10 and 100 pmol/L) of 13,14-EpDPE, and recorded the BK currents with the patch clamp in whole cell configuration. Then we assessed the coronary arterial relaxation by measuring dilatory responses to 13,14-EpDPE in pre-contracted tissues with or without pre-treatment with iberiotoxin.Results In the presence of 0, 1, 10 and 100 pmol/L of 13,14-EpDPE, the open probabilities of the BK channels were 0.25±0.03, 0.34±0.03, 0.44±0.06 and 0.85±0.16 (n=6), respectively, significantly increased at 100 pmol/L as compared with 0, 1 and 10 pmol/L (P<0.05). The BK channels were activated by 13,14-EpDP in a concentration-dependent manner and its half-effect concentration was (15.94±1.21) pmol/L. The current density was increased from (58.27±16.35) to (95.94±23.00) pA/pF (P=0.002) after 10 pmol/L 13,14-EpDP perfusion when the stimulation voltage was 100 mV. 13,14-EpDPE dilated the isolated coronary arterioles in a dose-dependent manner, and its effects were abolished after pre-treatment with iberiotoxin (100 nM).Conclusion 13,14-EpDPE can dilate coronary arterioles by activating BK channels in CASMCs, which might be one of the mechanisms underlying its protective effect on the cardiovascular system.
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Background@#Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is an interstitial primary pulmonary disease, characterized by Langerhans cell proliferation. It is easily misdiagnosed in children. This study aimed to characterize the clinical manifestations and features of PLCH by retrospective analysis.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed in 117 PLCH patients out of 338 LCH patients who were admitted in our center from November 2006 to October 2013. Variables between two groups were compared by Mann-Whitney U-test and Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier curves were constructed to compare the survival rates and Cox regression to evaluate the effect of risk factors.@*Results@#The median age of PLCH group was significantly lower than that of non-PLCH group (18.63 months vs. 43.4 months, P < 0.001). All PLCH children had other organ involvement and only 11 cases (9.4%) had respiratory symptoms. The most common radiologic finding was cystic lesions (29 cases, 24.8%). Pulmonary function abnormalities were dominated by obstructive ventilatory dysfunction (63 cases, 82.9%). The 5-year overall survival (OS) of PLCH children was 93.6% ± 2.3% and the event-free survival (EFS) was 55.7% ± 5.2%. Among the 38 cases with progressed or relapsed disease, five cases (13.2%) were due to progression or recurrence of lung damage. The 5-year OS of PLCH children with "risk organ" involvement was significantly lower than those without "risk organ" involvement (86.0% ± 4.9% vs. 100%, χ = 8.793, P = 0.003). The difference of EFS between two groups was also significant (43.7% ± 7.7% vs. 66.3% ± 6.5%, χ = 5.399, P = 0.020). The "risk organ" involvement had a significant impact on survival (hazard ratio = 1.9, P = 0.039).@*Conclusions@#PLCH mainly occurs in young children, and only a small percentage of patients have respiratory symptoms. They generally have other organ involvement. Most of PLCH children have a good prognosis and most lung lesions could have improved or stabilized. Management of "risk organ" involvement is the key point to improving EFS.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell , Diagnosis , Langerhans Cells , Lung , Lung Diseases , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Background@#Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is found in many patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). In this study, we mainly analyzed neurological symptoms, imaging findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and their relationship with outcomes of HLH children.@*Methods@#Related data of 179 Chinese pediatric patients with HLH admitted to our center from January 2010 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Diagnosis and treatment were based on the HLH-2004 protocol. Two-tailed Chi-squared test was used to compare between different groups, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the overall survival (OS) of patients with HLH.@*Results@#In the present study, 21.2% (38/179) of total patients had neurological symptoms including seizure, irritability, somnolence, and unconsciousness. There were 80 (50.0%, excluding 19 patients without imaging data) patients with cranial imaging abnormalities. There were 14.7% (17/116, excluding 63 patients who did not accept lumbar puncture) of patients with abnormal CSF results. CNS involvement is defined as abnormalities in one or more of CNS symptoms, radiological findings, and CSF. Thus, 60.3% of them had CNS involvement. As for the prognosis, the median follow-up time was 3.2 years (17 lost to follow-up). The probable 3-year OS of children was higher without CNS involvement (86.0% ± 4.6%) than those with CNS involvement (68.9% ± 4.9%, hazard ratio [HR] = 2.286, P = 0.019). Among them, the probable 3-year OS of children without CNS symptoms was 76.0% ± 3.8%, higher than with CNS symptoms (59.5% ± 8.1%, HR = 2.147, P = 0.047). The 3-year OS of children with abnormal CSF was 64.7% ± 11.6%, compared with normal CSF (85.1% ± 3.7%, HR = 0.255, P = 0.038).@*Conclusions@#HLH patients with CNS involvement might have worse outcomes compared with those without CNS involvement, and CNS symptoms and CSF changes are more important to access the prognosis than imaging abnormality.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Central Nervous System Diseases , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic , Prognosis , Proportional Hazards Models , Retrospective Studies , SeizuresABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the methylation level in the promoter of caspase 8 associated protein 2 (CASP8AP2) gene between samples at diagnosis and in complete remission, and to investigate its relationship with clinical features and prognosis in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Diagnostic DNA samples from 109 newly diagnosed children with ALL admitted from August 2007 to March 2010, and 94 ALL children in CR (complete remission) among them were collected. Bisulfite modification and MethyLight method established by our research team were used to determine the methylation level of the two key CpG sites (at -1189 and -1176) of the promoter of CASP8AP2 gene.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average methylation level of the two CpG sites in newly diagnosted samples was higher than that in CR samples (71.1% ± 1.7% vs 64.2% ± 21.2%) (P = 0.008). Analysis with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under curve was 0.687 (P = 0.024), indicating that the methylation level of the two CpG sites was able to predict relapse efficiently to some extent, 76.9% was chosed as a cutoff value to divide the patients into high methylation group (49 patients) and low methylation group (60 patients). The incidence of relapse in high methylation group was higher than that in low methylation group (20.4% vs 6.7%) (P = 0.044), five year relapse free survival in high methylation group was also lower than that in low methylation group (Log rank, P = 0.033). Furthermore, high methylation at new diagnosis were correlated with high level of minimal residual disease (MRD) before consolidation therapy (P = 0.011). In the 34 children with MRD ≥ 10(-4) at the end of induction remission, the relapse rate of high methylation patients was significantly higher than that of low methylation patients (8/16 vs 3/18)(P = 0.038).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The abnormal hypermethylation of the two CpG sites (at -1189 and -1176) of the promoter of the CASP8AP2 gene is possibly associated with leukemogenesis in childhood ALL. The treatment outcome is more poor in patients with hypermethylation than that in patients with low methylation. The combination of the methylation level of the two CpG sites and MRD level at the end induction remission is able to predict relapse more effectively.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins , Calcium-Binding Proteins , DNA Methylation , Neoplasm, Residual , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Prognosis , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Recurrence , Remission InductionABSTRACT
This study was purposed to investigate the prognostic value of early response to treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Four indexes were used to assess early response to treatment including response to prednisone on day 8 (D8-PR), percentage of lymphoblast in bone marrow on day 22 (D22-BM) and day 33 (D33-BM), the level of minimal residual disease (MRD) on day 33 (D33-MRD) by morphological and molecular biological method in 426 children with ALL. Prognostic impact of early response to treatment was analyzed, and multivariate analysis of the predictive value was performed by Cox-regression analysis. All patients were followed up until October 31, 2013, with a median follow-up time of 80 months (0.5 to 106 months). The results showed that there were significant differences between event free survivals (EFS) of the sub-groups divided according to the four indexes. The 8 years-EFS in patients with prednisone good response (PGR) was significantly higher than that in patients with prednisone poor response (PPR);patients with M1 in bone marrow on day 22 or day 33 had the better outcomes than that of patients with M2/M3;patients with high level of MRD ( ≥ 10(-4)) had the worse outcomes as compared with patients with low level of MRD (<10(-4)) (P < 0.001). Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that BCR/ABL fusion gene positive, D8-PR, D33-BM and D33-MRD were the independent prognostic factors for childhood ALL, and the hazard ratio of D33-MRD ≥ 10(-2) was highest (HR:11.886, P < 0.001). It is concluded that early response to treatment is an independent prognostic factor with important prognostic values, and it has important clinical guiding instructive significance for risk stratification in the treatment of children ALL.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Neoplasm, Residual , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Diagnosis , Therapeutics , Prognosis , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study was aimed to explore the relation between folylpolyglutamate synthetase (FPGS) rs10760502 polymorphism and prognosis and methotrexate (MTX)-related toxicities in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Sequenom MassARRAY was used to genotype rs10760502. The χ(2) test, Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that A allele carriers (GA+AA) had poor relapse free survival (RFS, log-rank: P = 0.004) and event free survival (EFS, log-rank: P = 0.022) compared with the GG genotype carriers. Multivariate Cox-regression analysis results showed that A allele is an independent prognosis factor for poor RFS [hazard ratio (HR), 20.173; 95% CI, 2.535-160.545; P = 0.005] and EFS (HR, 8.133; 95% CI, 1.718-38.512; P = 0.008). No relationship was found between any MTX toxicity and rs10760502 polymorphism. It is concluded that FPGS rs10760502G>A polymorphism may affect the treatment outcome of B-ALL patients.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Genotype , Leukemia, B-Cell , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Methotrexate , Peptide Synthases , Genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Genetics , PrognosisABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of NPM- ALK fusion gene in bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) patients and its prognostic significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>NPM- ALK fusion gene of 21 BM and 15 PB samples from patients with NPM-ALK positive ALCL was detected by RT- PCR, and the relationship between NPM- ALK expression and prognosis and clinical characters was evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 21 patients, 12 cases were male and 9 case were female with a median age of 9 (range, 2-14) years old. The median follow- up was 31 months. Patients with a positive NPM-ALK expression in BM had a 3-years EFS of (35.6±18.6)%, compared with (91.7±8.0)% for patients with negative NPM-ALK (P=0.038). The incidence of positive expression in BM was significantly higher in patients who had more than 3 organs involved by tumor (P=0.032). 86.7% patients had a concordant results of NPM-ALK expression in PB and BM.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We could evaluate the minimal disseminated disease of NPM-ALK positive ALCL patients by screening the NPM-ALK fusion gene in BM and PB by RT-PCR. The positive expression is associated with a poor prognosis and could be used for stratification of ALCL.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Bone Marrow , Metabolism , Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic , Diagnosis , Genetics , Metabolism , Prognosis , Protein-Tyrosine Kinases , Genetics , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of BCH-03 and CCLG-08 protocols in treating E2A-PBX1 pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).</p><p><b>METHOD</b>From January 2003 to January 2011, 59 ALL patients identified as E2A-PBX1 were analyzed in a retrospective study. There were 37 and 22 patients treated with Protocol BCH-03 and CCLG-08, respectively. The clinical characteristics at diagnosis, response to early treatment, the time of relapse, relapse-free survival (RFS) and event-free survival (EFS) in the two groups were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were no significant differences in gender, age, initial white blood cell count, the central nervous system involvement, immunophenotype, prednisone response, the rate of complete remission, and the time of relapse between the two groups (P > 0.05). The only difference in induction therapy of the two protocols existed in the glucocorticoids used, that is, BCH-03 used 60 mg/m(2) prednisolone and CCLG-08 used 6 mg/m(2) dexamethasone. The doses of vincristine, daunorubicin and L-asparaginase were the same in the two groups. At the end of induction therapy, the MRD negativity rate in BCH-03 group was significantly higher than that in CCLG-08 group (84.2% vs. 47.1%, P = 0.018). The incidences of severe infection of the two groups during induction of remission were similar (P = 0.135). The EFS of BCH-03 group was significantly superior to that of CCLG-08 group (94.5% vs. 71.5%, P = 0.010), and the RFS of BCH-03 group tended to be better than that of CCLG-08 group (94.5% vs. 78.6%, P = 0.059).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared to Protocol CCLG-08, Protocol BCH-03 was more effective for pediatric E2A-PBX1 ALL, and 60 mg/m(2) prednisolone was more suitable for the induction therapy of this subtype of pediatric ALL.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Daunorubicin , Dexamethasone , Disease-Free Survival , Homeodomain Proteins , Genetics , Neoplasm, Residual , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Mortality , Pathology , Prednisolone , Prognosis , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Remission Induction , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study was aimed to investigate the expression of plasma miR-223 in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in different treatment time point. A total of 64 pediatric ALL samples were selected from patients treated in Beijing Children's Hospital from May 2005 to January 2012, including 30 samples at new diagnosis (ND), 30 samples at complete remission (CR) and 4 samples at relapse. Without RNA extraction, the miR-223 levels in plasma were directly detected by a reverse-transcription quantitative real-time PCR assay. The results indicated that the expression of plasma miR-223 in pediatric ALL was lower at ND but elevated after CR. The miR-223 expression in plasma of relapse patients didn't show significant difference probably due to a few cases of relapse. The miR-223 levels in plasma had not displayed significant difference between TEL-AML1 positive patients and no fusion gene B lineage ALL patients either at ND or at CR. It is concluded that the plasma miR-223 decreases at ND and increases in CR of children with ALL. miR-223 may act as an anti-oncogene and may be taken as a potential predictive biomarker for evaluating the therapeutic effect of leukemia.
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , MicroRNAs , Blood , Genetics , Plasma , Metabolism , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Blood , Genetics , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , MethodsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to analyze the gene rearrangement pattern of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor (Ig/TR) and its clinical characteristics in three children with SET-NUP214 fusion gene positive leukemia/lymphoma. The transcript of SET-NUP214 fusion gene was detected by RT-nested PCR. The pattern of Ig/TR gene rearrangement was analyzed by using the BIOMED-2 multiplex PCR assays. Allelic-specific primers were designed for further monitoring the minimal residual disease (MRD). The results indicated that the fusion site located between exon 7 of SET and exon 18 of NUP214 at mRNA level in the three patients. The diagnoses were made as the mixed phenotype of acute leukemia (MPAL) for patients 1, acute T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) for patients 2, and stage IV T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) for patients 3, respectively. Patient 1 responded to chemotherapy very poorly and relapsed at month 6 after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Patient 2 had high MRD (> 10(-2)) at the end of inducing remission therapy (day 33) which implied poor outcome, and died of toxic epidermal necrolysis and sequent serious infection. Patient 3 achieved hematological complete remission (CR) and MRD negative at day 15 and day 33 respectively. The duration of CR lasted for 30 months. Clonal TR gene rearrangements were detected in all the three patients. The rearrangements of TRD, TRG and TRB were found in patient 1 and 3. The rearrangements of TRD, TRB, IgH and IgK Kde were detected in patient 2. All the 6 TRB rearrangements detected were incomplete rearrangements, whereas 85.7% and 14.3% of the TRD, and TRG rearrangements were complete and incomplete, respectively. It is concluded that the transformation of SET-NUP214(+) leukemia/lymphoma cells may occur after the rearrangements of TRD and TRG and shortly after TRB rearrangement. The leukemia/lymphoma cells of patient 1 and 2 are more immature which may be related with poor outcome or response to chemotherapy.
Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Gene Fusion , Gene Rearrangement, T-Lymphocyte , Histone Chaperones , Genetics , Immunoglobulins , Genetics , Neoplasm, Residual , Diagnosis , Genetics , Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins , Genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Genetics , Transcription Factors , GeneticsABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the nucleotide sequence of one distinct fusion transcript of sil-tal1 in childhood T-ALL. The PCR product was cloned into plasmid vector and then sequenced. Genomic DNA was analyzed with PCR using the designed primer pairs representing distinct sequences. The product was sequenced and analyzed with database. The results indicated that 4 different fusion transcripts were detected at cDNA level, in which a part of exons or introns of sil are reserved respectively, and some additions and deletions existed. After analyzing genomic DNA sequence of leukemic cells, the breakpoint in gene sil of this case was proved to be different at DNA level from references. Hence, the sil-tal1 rearrangement was defined to be a new type. It is concluded tal1 rearrangement of leukemic cells in this case is a new type, which expresses classical and at least 3 variant fusion transcripts, presumably caused by extraordinary mechanisms of splicing and transcription in leukemic stem cells.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Base Sequence , Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors , Genetics , DNA Breaks , DNA, Neoplasm , Genetics , Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell , Genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins , Genetics , T-Cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Protein 1 , Transcription FactorsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the influence of hand-mixed methods on the compressive strength of the zinc phosphate dental cement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three skilled nurses used three kinds of common clinical hand-mixed methods (included the unidirectional rotation method, the alternate pro and con bidirectional rotation method and the pulling and pushing with folding method) to mix the zinc phosphate dental cement on the same condition (i.e. same indoor temperature and humidity, the same mixing ratio, mixing time, mixing frequency and the same mixing instruments and so on). The mixed zinc phosphate cement was packed into the plastic cylinders with 10 mm-high and 5 mm-bore. After the mixed zinc phosphate cement coagulated, compressive strength was tested separately.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The compressive strength of the zinc phosphate dental cement mixed with the alternate pro and con bidirectional rotation method was the best, and the value was (106.11+/- 4.82) MPa. The compressive strength of the zinc phosphate dental cement mixed with the pulling and pushing with folding method was lower, and the value was (77.57 +/- 6.26) MPa. The compressive strength of the zinc phosphate dental cement mixed with the unidirectional rotation method was the lowest, and the value was (54.41 +/- 5.08) MPa. The compressive strength of the zinc phosphate dental cement mixed with the unidirectional rotation method and the pulling and pushing with folding method could not achieve the clinical required compressive strength (about 100 MPa), while the compressive strength mixed with the alternate pro and con bidirectional rotation method was above 100 MPa.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The alternate pro and con bidirectional rotation method to mix the zinc phosphate dental cement is recommended in clinic.</p>
Subject(s)
Compressive Strength , Phosphates , Zinc Compounds , Zinc Phosphate CementABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the nursing methods during canal obturation in order to improve efficiency and quality of root canal therapy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>112 teeth treated by complete root canal preparation were chosen to fill the root canal, and the main points of nursing during canal obturation were summarized.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All of 112 teeth nursed strictly during canal obturation obtained satisfactory efficiency. No one failed after root canal therapy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The main points of nursing during canal obturation are the aseptic technique, skilled coordination, instrument management, communication between nurses and patients.</p>